A lokacin fure, bishiyar forsythia ba zata iya barin kowa ya zama mai sakaci ba: rassan da ke jujjuya su, sun cika da furanni masu launin shuɗi, suna da kararrawa, suna shekewa, suna kama da sararin samaniya. Kuma ko da bayan daji na Forsythia ya fadada, ba ta rasa tasirin ado ba, saboda ana maye gurbin furanni masu haske da babu mai haske, manyan ganyayyaki masu launin kore mai duhu.
Menene Forsythia yayi kama da lokacin fure
Foungiyar Forsythia mallakar dangin Oleaceae ne, mahaifarta ita ce gabashin Asiya, Kudu maso Yammacin Turai.
Forsythia, ko Forsythia, itace farkon fure mai yanke hukunci tare da harbe mai rawaya da koren ganye mai haske ko ganyaye mai fure, wanda ya hada nau'ikan 6 na kowa a Gabashin Asiya da kuma nau'in daya girma a kudu maso gabashin Turai. Tsakanin waɗannan nau'ikan guda shida, nau'ikan Asiya ta Gabas guda uku sun bambanta da juriya na sanyi: ƙetare ba shi da wata ma'ana, ko m, juyawa, ko tsinkaye, da tsaka-tsaki.
Ga lambu, mafi alamar f. Tarayyar Turai (F. Eigorea), f. drooping (F. abun kunya), f. matsakaici (F. intermedia), f. duhu kore (F. viridissima) da sauransu.
Forsythia shine farkon shukar furanni har zuwa 2 - 2.5 m, tare da yaduwar hawan-kwari ko harbe-harbe. Ganyen suna da yawa, mai sauqi ko sau uku, akasin haka, lokaci-lokaci suna yin aiki tare da gefuna, koren duhu a launi. Forsythia a lokacin fure ya cancanci kulawa ta musamman: launin shuɗi-rawaya, katanga ɗaya, furanni masu kararrawa-dimbin yawa suna da rassa. Forsythia blooms profusely, a farkon lokacin bazara, kafin ganye fure. A tsakiyar yankin na Rasha, furanni fara fure a ƙarshen Afrilu - farkon Mayu, wasu nau'in suna da ƙanshin wari. A cikin winters mai tsananin ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara ba, wani ɓangaren fure na fure ya mutu, saboda haka ana bada shawara don tanƙwara harbe a cikin hunturu saboda an rufe su da dusar ƙanƙara.
Ga hotunan furannin Forsythia:
Forsythia kyakkyawa ce sosai. Yana da tasiri musamman a cikin girke-girke na rukuni da na rukuni, a cikin gidajen lambun dutse da masu haɗuwa. Ya dace don rufe shinge da ƙananan ganuwar. Twigs na fure a farkon bazara suna da matukar kyau, an yanke su ne a cikin fure, furanni a cikin fure, kuma yankan yana gida 10 - 12.
Dasa dasawa da kula da shukakkun tsirrai (tare da hoto)
A inji shi ne quite wuya a kan zafi, fama da tsananin sanyi, a tsakiyar yankin na Rasha harbe sau da yawa daskare, amma sai kambi da sauri murmurewa. Ya kamata a dasa shi a kan kasa mai dausayi, a cikin wuraren rana, ana samun kariya daga iska. A cikin hunturu, yana da kyau a ɗan rufe ƙasa a ƙarƙashin bushes tare da ganye. Forsythia zai iya jure iska mai sauƙi.
Forsythia mai dorewa kuma baya cutar komai. A lokaci guda, tsire-tsire masu fama da rashin jurewa ne marasa ƙarancin ƙasa. Shuka zuwa matsakaicin tsawo tsawo da sauri. Lokacin saukarwa, don saukin kulawa, tilastawa ya fi kyau zaɓi wuraren da ke da rana, a cikin mawuyacin yanayi, inuwa mai ɓoye. Dankunan daskarewa suna buƙatar da za a lanƙasa zuwa ƙasa don hunturu, wanda ke ba da izinin rassan m, kuma an rufe su da rassa. Bai kamata a fara kirkirar bushes nan da nan ba bayan fure, tsofaffin rassan da iko bai kamata a yanke su ba, tunda yawancin furannin fure suna kan su.
Zai fi kyau shuka waɗannan tsire-tsire cikin rukuni a cikin wuraren buɗe. Saboda wannan furanni ya bayyana nan da nan bayan zafi mai aiki, ana dasa su tare da bango mai dumi ko a gefen rana.
Za a iya sanya ratayewa akan rami, inda zai zama abin ban mamaki. Idan kun yanke reshe na Forsythia tare da kodan a cikin Janairu kuma ku saka cikin ruwa mai ɗumi, to, nan da nan ganye zai bayyana.
Lokacin da girma Forsythia shuke-shuke da bukatar a shayar, sassauta da akwati da'irar da sako weeds. Shuka ta yarda da bushewar ƙasa fiye da rigar.
A cikin hunturu, mafi yawan wuraren tabo shine ƙoshin fure wanda ya bayyana a sanadarin bara. Sabili da haka, saboda a cikin bazara an baza rassan tare da furanni, suna rufe shuka don hunturu: tanƙwara rassan zuwa ƙasa kuma rufe shi.
A cikin bazara, lokacin da buds suka fara toho, zaku iya cire ƙarshen daskararren harbe don su zauna itace. Kuma ba da daɗewa ba bayan fure, rage rassan - don ta zuwa shekara ta gaba kamar yadda aka kafa rashen gefen da yawa.
Hoto na dasa shuki da kula da forsythia yana nuna yadda ake iya shuka wannan shukar:
Yadda ake yada furodusan Forsythia
Propagated da kore da kuma lignified cuttings, tsaba, kuka da baƙin ciki - layering.
Yaduwa na forsythia tare da jiguna da aka jera itace abune mai sauki. A watan Oktoba, an yanke lokacin farin ciki a shekara zuwa 15 cm kowannensu, a sanya su a cikin kasar gona mai kwance ta yadda huhun biyu ko uku su kasance a farfajiya, kuma a rufe da bushe ganye. A cikin bazara, 'yan itace za su fara girma kuma a lokacin kaka zasu juye zuwa seedlings. Idan shuke-shuke reshe rauni, suna pruned. Hakanan zo tare da tsire-tsire mai sanyi. Za a iya yin rassa a cikin ruwa sannan a dasa.
Don yaduwar forsythia, ana iya yanke itace tare da nau'i biyu na ganye a watan Yuni - Yuli. A ƙarshen hunturu, an shirya shirye-shiryen layin lignified. Bayan makonni 2-3, lokacin da 'ya'yan itacen suka yi tushe, ana dasa su a cikin lambun kuma ana kiyaye su har shekara biyu. Idan tsire-tsire suna da rauni sosai, ana yanka su da dungu.
Lokacin yadawa ta hanyar sanyaya a cikin bazara ko kaka, ƙananan reshe na matasa suna sintiri a ƙasa, an daidaita su da studs kuma an yayyafa shi da ƙasa mai ƙyalli (kafin a lanƙwasa reshe, zaku iya yanke haushi a kai - to, tushen zai bayyana da sauri). A cikin bazara, an yanke wannan reshe daga daji. A shekara mai zuwa zai zama sabon shuka.
Hanya mafi sauri don yaduwa itace kore. Kafin yaduwa forsythia, ana yanke itace a watan Yuni, bayan haka ana zubar da su tare da tushen haɓaka tushe kuma an dasa shi a ƙarƙashin fim inda zazzabi ɗakin da zafi mai zurfi ya kamata.
Tushen nau'in nau'in kuka yana ɗaukar kansu.
Tsaba yana buƙatar shuka a cikin bazara ko kuma bazara bayan watanni 2 na daidaitawa a cikin gadaje kuma ya kula da kowane irin shuka, lura da tsarin ban ruwa da amfani da takin zamani a shekara sau ɗaya.
Kamar yadda kuke gani a cikin hoto, closedan itacen Forsythia na hunturu suna rufe da rassan spruce:
Bayan shekara guda, da seedlings dole ne a dosed, kuma bayan shekaru 3 transplanted zuwa m wuri.
Iri da nau'ikan tsirrai na forsythia
Anan zaka iya samun hotuna da kwatanci na forsythia daga cikin shahararrun jinsunan.
Siebold Shape - undersized, tare da duhu rawaya furanni, na bakin ciki creeping harbe. Yana girma da sauri, Hardy, Hardy a cikin yanayin birane, wanda akayi amfani dashi a cikin shimfidar wurare. Wannan nau'in forsythia ya fi kyau a kan sabo, ƙasa mai daɗin abinci mai ɗauke da lemun tsami. A cikin lambuna mai son, ana ba da shawarar yin shuka cikin rukuni, ko gefen hanyoyi, don yin shinge da kan iyakoki masu faɗi. Amfani da farkon tilasta bouquets.
Forsyth Giralda - Forsythia giraldiana. Gida - China. Noma tun 1938. Goge tare da yawo, rassan bakin ciki, furanni har zuwa 2 cm tsayi, rawaya mai haske. Blooms a Afrilu sosai yalwa kuma na dogon lokaci (har zuwa makonni uku). Pretty hunturu-Hardy, mai kyau ga shinge da dasa kungiyoyin.
Forsythia Turai - Forsythia europaea. Asali daga Albania Har zuwa 2 m tsayi, harbe suna kauri, na roba, furanni masu launin shuɗi tare da rawaya mai duhu. A cikin ruwan sanyi a mafi yawan lokutan yakan daskare shi, har ma a cikin Ukraine.
Forsythia rataye - Forsythia suspensa. Yana girma daji a cikin tsaunin China. Babban shrub, har zuwa 3 m high, tare da yaduwa, arched mai lankwasa, wani lokacin creeping harbe a ƙasa, tare da m - har zuwa 3 cm a diamita - rawaya furanni. Blooms a ƙarshen Afrilu fiye da makonni uku, sosai yalwatacce. Yana blooms musamman ma cikin wadataccen ƙasa tare da isasshen lemun tsami. Pretty hunturu-Hardy look. Da kyau sosai lokacin girma shi da trellises.
Mafi ban sha'awa, abin lura, shi ne Forsythia rataye fom din yaudara ne. Wannan babban itace ne, wanda ya bambanta da launin shuɗi mai raɗaɗi na furanni. Ganyayyaki masu duhu masu duhu waɗanda ke cikin bazara sun samo kyakkyawan launi mai launin ruwan kasa. Furanni suna da girma - har zuwa 4 cm a diamita, guda. Yana blooms a watan Afrilu - Mayu na uku da rabi makonni. Pretty Hardy.
Matsakaici na Forsythia, ko matsakaici - Forsythia intermedia (F. suspensax F. viridissima Lindl.). Kyakkyawar asalin rayuwar Forsythia. Babban fure, mai yaduwa har zuwa 3 m tsayi, wani ɓangare na rassan yana mai lankwasa, rataye ƙasa, an karkatar da ɓangaren sama, tare da rawaya mai launin shuɗi, furanni masu cike da furanni.
Dubi hoto - furanni na tsire-tsire na forsythia na wannan nau'in an tattara su 2-3 a cikin inflorescence, rawaya mai launin shuɗi, bututu na ciki a ciki tare da rawaya orange-rawaya, reshen furen yana da tsawo, tsayinsa ɗaya da bututu:
Yana blooms sosai profusely fiye da makonni uku daga shekaru goma na biyu na Afrilu kafin ganye Bloom kuma yana da matukar tasiri a lokacin fure. Yana da matukar tsayayya wa fari, matsanancin sanyi da kuma gurɓataccen iskar gas. Propagated da cuttings.
Forsythia nau'in wannan nau'in suna da ban sha'awa: Spectabilis, Lokacin bazara, Beatrix Farand.
Forsythia mai duhu kore - Forsythia budidissima. Wannan tsire-tsire na 'yan asalin Sin ne, har zuwa 3 m high, tare da madaidaitan harbe, furanni masu launin shuɗi. A tsakiyar Rasha, a lokacin lokacin tsananin sanyi, tana daskarewa matuka.
Forsythia mai ban tsoro - Forsythia ovata. Shke har zuwa 2 m high, asali daga Koriya ta Koriya. Ganyen yana da haske kore, mai girma-dimbin yawa kwai, nuna, har zuwa 7 cm tsawo. Furanni masu launin rawaya mai haske, Kadaitaccen, har zuwa 2 cm a diamita, fure a watan Afrilu - Mayu na tsawon makonni 3. Ta hanyar kaka, ana yin zane-zanen cikin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi da ruwan lemo mai ƙarfi, yana sa ɗan itacen ya zama kyakkyawa. Mafi yawan hunturu-Hardy na kowane nau'in.
Yanzu kun san yadda forsythia na nau'ikan halittu ke kama, lokaci ya yi da za a koya game da tsabtace tsintsaye.
Forsythia Trimming (tare da bidiyo)
Forsythia mafi yawa ana dasa tare da shekaru 2 zuwa 3 shekara. A wannan yanayin, cire duk lalacewa, mai rauni da marassa lafiya. Yawan rassan kwarangwal suna yankan 3 - 7 cm kawai .. Yayi shi sama da koda mai ƙarfi da lafiya. Forsythia na fure sosai rauni a farkon shekara bayan dasa.
Bayan fure, duk rassan iri iri suna buƙatar yanke, suna barin kawai haɓaka mai ƙarfi. A cikin shekara ta biyu, kuma bayan an gama fure, an cire duk rassan da aka fadada, tunda an kafa harbe-harbe masu karfi a kasa da su, daga wanda kambi na daji zai samar a nan gaba. Duk rauni harbe ya kamata a cire nan da nan. Domin na uku da na gaba, ana maimaita aikin da aka yi. An cire rassa da 1/4 na tsohuwar harbe, yayin riƙe da siffar daji ya zama dole. Babban fasali na forsythia shine fure akan ci gaban shekarar data gabata. Dangane da wannan, dukkan hanyoyin magance shi an gina su:
- Ana aiwatar da girkin na forsythia nan da nan bayan fure;
- a lokaci guda, duk rassan da aka fadada an yanke kuma an cire su;
- lokaci guda thinning da gajeriyar tsoffin rassan.
Anyi wannan ne don hanzarta ci gaban kodan halittu a wani sabon karuwa. Adult bushes zamu juya kowace shekara 3 zuwa 4 ta hanyar pruning zuwa kututture. Koyaya, don bushes ya ci gaba da yin fure, ya kamata a aiwatar da wannan aikin a matakai 2 zuwa 3, yana shimfiɗa shekaru 2 zuwa 3. Ba za a iya barin tsire-tsire na Forsythia na tsohuwar shekaru ba, idan har ba su hana tsire-tsire makwabta ba.
