Labrettes suna wakiltar sosai a ko'ina, a cikinsu monard ya tsaya a waje musamman, dasa da kulawa a cikin bude ƙasa wanda ba zai haifar da matsala da yawa ba. Shuka tayi kyau sosai, tayi kyau a wuri guda kuma a cakuda sauran nau'ikan.
Kadan daga tarihi
Bayanin farko na shuka shi ne daga masanin kimiyyar Spain Nicholas Monardes, wanda sunansa na ƙarshe ya kira ciyawa mai ƙanshi. Shuka ta fara tarihinta daga Arewacin Amurka, a can ne za'a iya samun dutsen daga Kanada zuwa Mexico. A wannan yankin an daɗe ana kiranta da mai raɗaɗin rai.
A cikin Turai, an shuka shuka kamar man mai mahimmanci, amma tun karni na 19, monarda ya zama sananne sosai. Ya fi kyau sananne a matsayin bisgamot, lemun tsami lemon da lemon balm na Amurka.
Bayanin
Monarda na iya zama duka shekara da shekara. Dukkan nau'ikanta sunada tsayi, kafaffen kafafu na iya kaiwa zuwa 1-1.2 m daji yana da halaye masu zuwa:
- Ganyayyaki suna da yawa, tare da hakora a gefen, suna da launi koren launi, suna da ƙanshin ƙanshin musamman, bisa ga abin da ke da wuya a rikita dutsen.
- Furanan furanni ne, masu lebur biyu, na iya zama fari, shuɗi, Lilac, mai launin rawaya. Inflorescences suna da yawa, ana tattara su a cikin goge-goge ko kawuna tare da diamita har zuwa 8 cm.
- An ɓoye ƙwayar a cikin goro, zai iya shuka cikin shekaru uku.
A kai a kai dasa da monarda, a wuri guda da m daji da aka girma domin ba fiye da shekaru 7, to, lalle ne, dole ne ka canja wurin.
Hanyoyin ƙasa
Saukowa a cikin ƙasa a cikin bude da kuma m goyon baya na monarda za a iya yi duka a cikin bazara da kuma a cikin hunturu, kuma yaduwa a cikin hanyoyi uku:
- Shuka tsaba. Wannan hanyar ba ta ba da garantin kiyaye duk halaye, launi na fure zai iya bambanta sosai. Ta hanyar seedlings, monarda ya yi girma don dalilai na gwaji. Amfanin gona yakan fito a hankali, saurin haɓakar ya faru ne kawai bayan bayyanar pairan ganye guda uku.
- Ta hanyar rarraba daji daji, yana yiwuwa a cimma fure na shukar na gaba shekara bayan dasa. Plantwararren tsire-tsire mai lafiya yana yin haƙuri ga tsarin rarraba daidai kuma yana ɗaukar tushe cikin kyawawan ƙasan da aka zaɓa kusan kai tsaye.
- Yankan ba su da yawa sosai tsakanin yan lambu, watakila saboda gaskiyar cewa kuna buƙatar tinker kaɗan. Amma seedlings daidai kai tushen da ci gaba sosai da sauri.
Kowane mutum ya zaɓi mafi dacewa wa kansu, amma ƙarin kulawa koyaushe zai zama iri ɗaya.
Lokacin rabuwar kai
Saukowa da kulawa da monarda a filin budewa ba zai haifar da matsala da yawa ba. Yaushe dasa yafi kyau? Duk yana dogara ne akan hanyar.
Idan ka yanke shawarar yada shuka da tsiro, to lallai za'ayi girbi a cikin kaka. Ana yin juzu'i ta hanyar rarraba tsohuwar daji ana yin duka a damina da damuna. Seedlings ana shuka su ne a farkon lokacin bazara.
Ana aiwatar da shirye-shiryen shirye-shiryen dukkan nau'ikan haihuwa, ya kunshi matakai kamar haka:
- Digging wani wuri kafin saukowa.
- Gabatar da ma'adinai da takin gargajiya.
- Yawan shayarwa.
Idan kuna shirin sauka a bazara, irin wannan magudi ya kamata a yi a lokacin bazara. Wannan zai cire ciyayi daga shafin kuma dan sassauta ƙasa.
An shuka Monarda a cikin ƙasa a cikin bazara ta hanyar rarraba daji. Don yin wannan, sun tono shi, an wanke rhizomes kuma a yanka a hankali zuwa sassa da yawa na kusan girman. Ana kula da tukwane tare da toka da gawayi, an sanya su cikin rami wanda aka riga aka shirya kuma an yayyafa shi da ƙasa. Bayan wannan, dole ne a shayar da bushes a hankali.
Monarda ya fi son tsaka-tsaki ko ƙasa na alkaline; a kan tsire-tsire mai acidic zai yi girma da talauci da haɓaka.
Dasa dasawa da kulawa a cikin bude ƙasa domin monarda hunturu ana gudanar da ita ba tare da wata wahala ba A wannan lokacin, ana haihuwar ne ta hanyar kafewar tushe ko rarraba wani karamin daji.
Dasa a cikin pre-tattalin ƙasa a farkon kaka, lokacin da sanyi har yanzu yana da nisa.
An dasa Monarda a nesa na akalla 60 cm daga juna, inji zai yi girma sosai da sauri kuma ya ɗauka dukkan sararin samaniya kyauta.
Kulawa
Don monarda ya girma sosai kuma ya haɓaka, ya zama dole don samar dashi da kulawa ta dace, wanda ya ƙunshi:
- a cikin ruwa na yau da kullun na shuka, musamman ma a lokacin zafi na bazara, in ba haka ba akwai barazanar mildew powdery a cikin ganyayyaki da harbe;
- kwance ƙasa a kusa da bushes, cire ciyawa;
- yin takin zamani da takin gargajiya;
- rigakafin cutar a kowane bazara tare da taimakon foundationazole ko sulfate na tagulla.
A lokacin bazaar mai tsananin zafi, duniya a kewayen daji ya kamata ta mulmula ta peat ko ganye humus.
Ba za a iya amfani da Sawdust don mulching ba, suna iya haifar da mutuwar shuka.
Karin kwari da cututtuka
Bushasan daji mai ƙanshi yana da tsayayya da cututtuka daban-daban, mildew powdery na iya zama banda, amma zai iya faruwa kawai tare da rashin danshi a cikin yanayin lokacin sanyi musamman.
Daga cikin kwari, ba wanda ke tsoron dodo, ƙanshin furanni da ganyayyaki ya tsoratar da ko ƙwari. Kasancewar dasa shuki irin wannan daji kusa da wani benci a cikin lambu, kuna iya zama a can a ranakun rani mai tsayi kuma kar kuji tsoron sauro.
Shuka da kulawa da perenni monarda a cikin ƙasa mai sauƙi ne, kamar yadda aka tabbatar da hotuna da yawa na shuka.
