M da m, maddening tare da ƙanshin ƙanshi na musamman, lilin na kwari ana ɗauka mai sauƙin shuka tsirrai na gonar da ke girma a zahiri. A cikin tsari na ɗaki, furanni na kwari an san su fewan kaɗan. Ana iya fitar da su don hutu ko kuma amfani dasu azaman ɗakuna daidai gwargwado kamar sauran corms. Furen furannin kwari suna buƙatar wani lokaci na musamman na hutawa da kulawa. Haske, tsayawa a waje da bango na kowane ɗakin gida, da kyawawan abubuwa kuma irin waɗannan furen daji na kwarin gwiwa koyaushe suna daɗaɗa banbanci a ciki.
Furen fure a cikin kwarin a cikin tsari na daki ba ya shahara sosai tukuna.
Lily lambun cikin gida na aikin kwarin
Furanni na kwari tare da m, m da m m inflorescences sun zama na almara shuke-shuke. Zai yi wuya a iya tunanin farkon sabon lokacin dumi ba tare da ƙaramar bouquets na wannan wakilin kyakkyawa na corms ba. Baya ga kyawawan furanni, furannin kwari har ila yau suna alfahari da ado mai kyau, da kuma ikon ƙirƙirar kyawawan wurare da manyan ganyayyaki masu haske waɗanda aka daɗe suna godiya a cikin zane lambun.
Abin kamar lambu ne wanda aka girma a wurare da keɓaɓɓu da ƙirƙirar abubuwan farin ciki da cewa lili na kwari an fi sanin su. Amma, kamar dukkan tsire-tsire masu kwan fitila, suna ba da zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban don narkar da aikin gona. Kuma ba dukansu sun sauko ne don girma a cikin ƙasa ba. Furannin furanni na kwari suna ƙarƙashin tilastawa daidai gwargwado kamar sauran wakilan corms.
Ko da motsi a cikin kwantena, ba su rasa ikon adana ado da kwalliya tare da furanni ba shekaru, kuma bayan fure a cikin ɗakin za a iya girma a cikin lambun kuma su koma cikin tukwane bayan ɗan ɗan hutu.
A cikin al'adun daki, nau'in Lily guda na kwari kawai ke girma - almara Mayu Lily na kwari (Convallaria majalis). Ana amfani da itaciyar, filayen lambun na kwari kamar tsire-tsire na cikin gida don namo. Tsirrai na daji ba su dace da ɗaukar su a cikin tukunyar da aka sarrafa ba. Zaka iya siyan furannin kwarin da suka saba da shuka da girma a cikin ƙarancin ƙasa, ko zaka iya amfani da filayen kwari na kwari da ke girma a gonar, zaɓi samfuran ƙarfi, masu samfuri masu ƙarfi.
Bayanin Botanical na Lily na kwari
An fassara daga Latin, sunan Botanical sunan kwari yana nufin "Lily na kwari." Duk da gaskiyar cewa lilies na kwari suna yawanci rubuce cikin jerin Liliaceae, waɗannan tsirrai suna cikin gidan tsirrai daban-daban - Asparagaceae. Waɗannan tsire-tsire ne na gama gari ko'ina cikin arewacin hemisphere, waɗanda ake samu a Turai, da Asiya, da kuma Arewacin Amurka.
Za'a iya fahimtar furannin furanni na kwarin kwarin godiya ga wani nau'ikan haɓaka na musamman da cikakkun bayanai na tsarin. Manyan, daɗaɗɗɗa tsinkaye, tare da nuna madaidaiciya, dogayen farji, marasa amfani a cikin duhu mai haske mai duhu, duk ganyen lili na kwari suna kama da kyawawan shinge.
Wannan ciyawar herbaceous a cikin tukunyar tukunya ba ta da lokacin bayyana cikakkiyar halayenta, tsari na musamman da kuma iya ƙirƙirar farin ciki, amma har yanzu tana riƙe da halayenta masu haske.
Furen furannin furanni na kwari shine kawai sha'awa. Yana da godiya ga keɓaɓɓen inflorescences cewa furannin kwarin sun lashe taken mafi furancin furanni na bazara, da babu makawa musamman kayan adon yanayi. Rashin daidaituwa, tare da furanni a ko'ina, ƙirar inflorescence suna kama da kayan ado.
Kai tsawon 15 zuwa 25 cm, arched a cikin babba bangare, tare da hankali bude furanni, siriri peduncles da drooping pedicels jaddada kyau na kowane mutum fure. Furannin furanni na kwarin daga 6 zuwa 12 furanni a cikin inflorescence ɗaya. Rooarfin kararrawa mai kamannin launuka mai cike da kamshi mai ƙyalƙyali mai yatsu biyu tare da kamalar layin kuma suka shahara, ƙamshi mai daɗin kamshi.
Furannin cikin gida na kwari suna da zaɓin launi ɗaya kawai - fari. Amma godiya a gare shi cewa karrarawa na rataye a buroshi suna matukar tuna lu'ulu'u. Fruiting Lily na kwari a cikin dakuna yawanci ba'a yarda dashi. Amma idan kun gudanar da pollination na wucin gadi, zaku iya sha'awan kyawawan 'ya'yan itace mai kyau, wanda a hankali ana gyaran kwalliyar koren berries a sautin haske mai haske.
Lokacin furannin furannin furanni na kwari suna gajeru sosai, kodayake ɗanyensu yana riƙe da tasirin kayan adon a duk lokacin bazara. Don sha'awar ƙwararrun inflorescences na musamman lokacin da kake so, kawai gwada girma don fure furannin kwarin a cikin tukunyar tukunya. Bayan duk, a lokacin tilasta, ana iya daidaita lokacin furanni a hankali. Idan kun yi biyayya da sake zagayowar ci gaban gargajiya tare da lokacin sanyi a cikin hunturu, to lilin na kwari zai faranta ran fure a cikin bazara, a watan Mayu. Amma, canja lokaci ko a farkon canja wurin furannin kwarin zuwa zafi, zaku iya daidaita daidaitaccen lokacin fure.
Yau a cikin furannin lambun na kwari suna wakiltar ba kawai daga tsire-tsire iri ba, har ma da nau'ikan ban sha'awa - terry, manyan-fure, da launuka masu yawa. Yana da furanni na fure da ke kwari da kwari wanda aka fi amfani dashi don haɓaka a cikin nau'i mai ƙarfi.
Mayu Lily na kwari (Convallaria majalis).
Yanayi don girma furannin cikin gida na kwari
Zai yi wuya lilin na kwari ya bambanta wani tsari mai tsauri, mai tsauri. Wadannan tsire-tsire suna motsawa zuwa sababbin yanayi daidai da zagayowar haɓakawa ko mataki na distillation, don haka zafin jiki da wutar lantarki don filayen kwari suna canzawa koyaushe.
Furen furanni na kwari kamar yadda tsire-tsire na cikin gida ke girma don tsintsa ɗaya kawai. Bayan fure, ana iya canzawa zuwa ƙasa, zuwa gonar, ba da shekaru biyu zuwa uku don sabuntawa (har sai an sake amfani da al'adun ɗakin), ko kuma kawai a watsar, suna maye gurbin kowane yanayi tare da sabon tsire-tsire.
Haske da sanya wuri
A cikin ci gaban furannin kwarin, ana iya bambance yanayi biyu cikin yanayi - duhu kuma tare da hasken al'ada.
Adana kayan dasa, daskarewa kafin dasawa, ajiyewa cikin wuta don tayar da haɓaka ya kamata ya faru cikin shading. Za'a iya shigar da furanni na kwari tare da iyakoki na musamman waɗanda ke rufe su daga haske, allo mai rufe fuska, ko kuma a sanya su a cikin wani ɓoyayyen wuri a cikin ɗaki ko cikin duhu mai duhu tare da yanayin da ya dace.
Daga lokacin da aka fara furanni (kibiyoyi na fure), furannin kwarin sun koma cikin yada, laushi, amma mai haske. Idan an kori tsire-tsire don hutun hunturu, to, yana da kyau a yi amfani da ƙarin haske (har zuwa awanni 6 na rana da safe da maraice), wanda ke ba da damar ƙara tsawon lokacin awoyi zuwa awa 12. Furannin furannin kwarin da aka kora a cikin bazara basa buƙatar fallasa.
Zazzabi da iska
Yanayin yanayin da ya dace don Lily na kwari ana tantance shi ta hanyar ci gaba wanda shuka yake. Daga lokacin sanyi mai sanyi zuwa zafi, wanda ke motsa bayyanar buds da matsakaicin matsakaici a matakin furen, lilin na kwari ko da yaushe suna buƙatar saka idanu akan alamomin abun ciki.
Dasa kayan da aka tattara ko aka saya don distillation a cikin daki dole ne a kiyaye shi a zazzabi na 2 zuwa 5 digiri Celsius cikin sanyin sanyi. Kafin fara aiwatar da tsarin distillation ga duk furannin kwarin, yana da mahimmanci don daskarewa - kiyayewa na ɗan gajeren lokaci a cikin yanayin zafi na subzero.
Mafi kyawu a matakin daskarewa ana ɗaukar alamun su kamar -5 ° C. Za'a iya ɗaukar furannin furanni na kwarin zuwa ga titin, a ƙaura zuwa wani yanki mai shinge akan baranda, ko a yi amfani da ginshiki. Lokacin bayyanar cikin yanayin daskarewa shine kwanaki 7 zuwa 10.
Bayan daskarewa da magani na preplant, furannin furanni suna canzawa zuwa zafi. A mataki daga dasawa zuwa bayyanar buds, ya kamata a kiyaye tsire-tsire a yanayin zafi sama da digiri 25 Celsius. A cikin ɗakunan rayuwa yana da wuya a ɗaga yanayin zafi ga waɗannan alamu, saboda haka ya fi kyau a riƙe lilin na kwari tare da ƙananan dumama ko don kayan dumama. Lokacin da distillation daga Janairu, zaku iya watsi da ƙananan dumama kuma ku iyakance zafin jiki zuwa digiri +23 zuwa +25.
Furen furanni na kwari, wanda aka ɗaure buds kuma fure ya fara, son mai sanyi. Suna iya yin haƙuri tare da ɗakunan yanayi na al'ada, amma ƙananan karatun, daɗaɗɗun fure zai ci gaba. Matsakaicin yanayin zafin jiki ana ɗauka ya zama daga +16 zuwa +21 digiri.
Furannin cikin gida na kwari suna son sabon iska, amma dole ne a kiyaye su da kyau daga zayyana a yayin kwantar da dakuna.
Furannin cikin gida na kwari, kamar na lambun, suna girma da yawa, amma ba da dadewa ba.
Lily na kula da kwarin a gida
Furen furanni na kwari ba shine mafi sauƙi tsire-tsire don daidaitawa da yanayin ɗakin ba. Suna buƙatar canza yanayi daidai da matakin haɓaka, ƙari, a wasu matakan ci gaban su, suna son danshi. A saboda wannan dalili, sun fi dacewa da lambu da suka kware, waɗanda za su iya lura da matsaloli a lokacin ci gaban tsirrai.
Watering da zafi
L furannin kwarin suna buƙatar shayarwa ne kawai a lokacin bazara da fure. Bayan dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa don tsirrai, da wuya, ingantaccen ban ruwa ne da za'ayi, tallafawa mafi sauƙi substrate danshi. Bayan an fitar da furannin kwarin daga zafin rana zuwa yanayin daki na al'ada, sai a fara shayar da tsirrai domin saman Layer na substrate ya bushe. Furannin kwari na kwari basu iya jurewa bushewar ƙasa gaba a matakin ciyayi. A lokacin daskarewa kafin dasawa, ba a cire ban ruwa daga shirin kulawa.
Fesa wa furannin kwarin yana da matukar muhimmanci a matakin ajiya kafin dasa shuki da kuma lokacin aiwatarwa da kanta. Idan kun haƙa rhizomes kanku ko sayi su don distillation, to, a duk faɗin ajiya gaba ɗaya cikin sanyi, ban da sanyi, filayen kwarin suna buƙatar fesa lokaci-lokaci.
Bayan dasa, ana watsa tsire-tsire sau da yawa a rana, suna riƙe da babban zafi lokacin da aka sa su cikin zafi. Kuna iya ajiye furannin kwarin a cikin kora ko a karkashin kaɗa don haɓaka zafi ba tare da fesawa akai-akai ba, ko shigar da kowane girki. Bayan sake fitar da fure, an tsayar da spraying, amma a cikin zafi kuma a cikin busasshiyar ƙasa ya fi kyau a ci gaba da haɓaka iska ta wasu hanyoyi, alal misali, ta ajiye trays tare da daskararren ciyawa.
Ciyar da takin zamani
Furannin cikin gida na kwari ba sa buƙatar ciyar da su, amma godiya ga yin amfani da takin mai magani, ana iya samun wadataccen fure. Ya isa guda ciyar a cikin makonni 2-3. Sun fara aiwatar da waɗannan hanyoyin bayan sun motsa furannin kwarin cikin zafi don distillation. Don furannin kwarin suna amfani da takin zamani na zamani.
Lily na kwari pruning
Don furannin cikin gida na kwari, ana rage hanyoyin kwalliya don cire ganye mai lalacewa, yankan ciyawar fure. Idan inflorescences an yanka a cikin bouquets, an yanke wannan yankewa bayan an nuna fure sama da na uku na fure a cikin inflorescence.
Lily na zaɓi na kwari, saukarwa, dasawa da canzawa
Siyan furannin kwari na kwari a cikin tukwane ana ɗauka hanya mafi sauƙi. Amma zaku iya shuka furannin cikin gida na kwarin da kanku, ta amfani da tsire-tsire na lambu - ta hanyar sayen kayan shuka ko tono su da kanka. A lokuta biyu, zaɓi na Lily na kwari dasa kayan ya kamata a da za'ayi a cikin fall (a cikin lambun - bayan na farko frosts).
Idan aka tura tsire-tsire na gonar zuwa tukwane, ana hako su a hankali, a keɓe su ana jera su, ana rarrabe tsakiyar fure fure daga waɗancan na gefen ciyawa. Lokaci mai mahimmanci, kawai mai ƙarfi, manyan buds, da haɓaka da kyau, lokacin farin ciki, zuwa sama, ƙarewar ƙarshe - “masu ƙima” sun dace da distillation. Floweranana furen fure ko marasa tsabta, ana amfani da sauran tsire-tsire ne kawai don narkar da ƙasa a buɗe.
Lokacin sayen kayan dasa don furannin furanni na kwarin don al'adun ɗakin, zaɓi shine za'ayi bisa ga ka'idoji iri ɗaya, suna nazarin fure fure. Idan babu yiwuwar ko sha'awar fara distillation a baya kuma dasa a cikin tukwane nan da nan, to, an tono furannin kwarin a cikin peat ko yashi a cikin akwatuna ko kwantena kuma a adana su a cikin daki mai sanyi ko a cikin wurin da aka girgiza gonar har sai sanyi. Don furannin kwarin, yana da mahimmanci a shuka tsirrai a tsaye, maimakon adana su a cikin kwantena. Kafin dasa shuki, tsire-tsire suna buƙatar a jika su lokaci-lokaci, suna hana Tushen bushewa.
Lokacin dasa furannin furanni na kwari a cikin tukwane ya dogara ne lokacin da suke son cimma fure. Don karɓar furannin furanni na kwari don hutun Kirsimeti, ana dasa shuki daga Nuwamba Disamba ko Disamba. Don samun furannin furanni na kwari cikin kwalliya mafi kyau, ya kamata a ɗauka a zuciya cewa, a matsakaici, tsarin tilasta aiki yana ɗaukar kwanaki 25 zuwa 40.
L furannin kwarin ba sa yin girma sau ɗaya a lokaci guda. Ana sanya tsire-tsire a cikin kwantena a cikin rukuni mai yawa ko dam. Don wannan corm, ya fi kyau tattara daga tsire-tsire 5 zuwa 35 a cikin rukuni ɗaya, dangane da girman tukunya. Pre-dasa shiri na furanni na kwarin boils ƙasa don da yawa hanyoyin:
- Kafin dasa shuki, tushen fure na kwarin buƙatar buƙatar taqaitaccen ta uku ko 2-5 cm, barin tushe, gajeriyar tushen kusan 10-12 cm tsawo.
- Jiƙa a cikin ruwa mai ɗumi (zazzabi daga digiri 30 zuwa 35) na awanni 10-15. Wannan hanya ana aiwatar da ita ne kawai don furen furannin kwari, wanda aka dasa don rami daga Nuwamba zuwa tsakiyar Janairu. Idan an dasa furannin itaciyar kwarin daga shekaru goma na uku na Janairu, soaking zai iya haifar da haɓakar greenery zuwa lalata amfanin fure.
Sauke filayen fure a kwarin kai tsaye. Dole a fitar da magudanan ruwa a ƙasan kwantena, kuma ana sanya tsire-tsire kansu akan matashin kai daga ƙasa, tabbatar da cewa ɓangaren na buds ya zauna bayan ya tono layin ƙasa (a matsakaita, lily na kwari mai tsiro yana zurfafa 5-10 mm). Ana sanya furanni na kwari sosai, amma don kada tsire-tsire su sadu da juna - tare da tazara tsakanin cm cm 1. Zai dace in rufe ƙasa kusa da tsire-tsire tare da gansakuka. Bayan dasa, gudanar da ruwa mai yawa tare da ruwan dumi.
Don furannin cikin gida na kwari ba sa amfani da kwantena waɗanda suke da zurfi sosai. Amma girman kwantena na iya zama komai. A cikin kwantena tare da diamita na 10 cm, zaku iya sanya furannin har zuwa 6 na kwari, a cikin dama ko kwalaye zaka iya sanya tsire-tsire masu dozin da yawa.
Za a iya dasa furannin cikin gida na kwari ne kawai a cikin wadataccen abinci, sako-sako, ingantaccen ingancin ƙasa da danshi. Don waɗannan tsire-tsire, ana ɗaukar cakuda ƙasa ta musamman wacce ta dace da kwararan fitila ko cakuda peat, yashi da ƙasa turɓaɗe sun haɗa da sassan daidai. Choppedara yankakken gansakuka kyawawa ne ko da sikelin da aka siya.
Za'a iya girma furannin cikin gida na kwarin ta amfani da tsire-tsire.
Cututtuka, kwari da matsaloli girma
Furen furanni na kwari suna iya tsayayya dasu. Abinda kawai ke tsoratar da wadannan tsirrai a al'adun cikin daki shine launin toka, wanda zai iya bayyana lokacin amfani da kayan dasa shukar da cutar kuma lokacin da ƙasa ke yin ruwa. Wasu lokuta furannin kwarin suna fama da dendronema. Ana iya magance matsalolin biyu tare da fungicides, amma yana da sauƙin cire nan da nan share tsire-tsire masu lalacewa.
Furen furanni na kwari suna kula da tushen kwari; lokacin amfani da cutar da ke ƙasa, ƙila su yi fure saboda tushen nematodes. Amma mafi yawan abin da suke fushi da su daga gizo-gizo gizo-gizo a cikin rashin matakan ƙara yawan zafi a cikin iska.
Irƙirar filayen cikin gida na kwari
Hanyar kiwo kawai don furannin cikin gida na kwari shine rabuwa da rhizome. Don girma sabon tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi, don murmurewa bayan distillation, lilies na kwari, blooming a cikin ɗakuna, ana shuka su shekaru da yawa a cikin ƙasa buɗe, bayan da tsire-tsire masu rauni sun rabu kuma an ƙi su kuma sake amfani da su.
Idan ɗaya daga cikin masu karatunmu ya riga ya yi fure mai zurfi na kwari a cikin al'adun ɗakin, don Allah a raba kwarewarku a cikin jawabai ga labarin.
