Kula da uzambar violetia a gida

Iyalin Gesneria sun ba wa masu furanni furanni da yawa na gida, kamar koleriya, gloxinia, mahimman bayanai, kuma, hakika, senpole, kuma ana kiranta vioam violet. Ka yi la’akari da yadda zai zama da wahala a kula da su a gida.

Bayanin fure

Wadannan kananan tsire-tsire masu zagaye na fure-fure na ganye da ke zaune a kan furanni kafafu marasa nauyi ya shahara sosai godiya ga babban adorativeness da unpretentiousness.
A ƙarni da yawa na namowa, masu shayarwa sun barnatar da nau'ikan Saintpaulia 900 fiye da 900, waɗanda suka bambanta da girman kanti, girman da sifar furanni.

Ko da mafi yawan farawa grower iya girma senpolia. Koyaya, kamar kowane tsire-tsire, yana buƙatar yanayi mai kama da mazauninta na al'ada. Yadda za a samar mata da duk abin da ake bukata don samun saurin haɓakawa da ciyawar fure daga ƙaunarta na cikin gida?

Kulawar Gida

Kula da gida na senpolia ba zai zama matsala ba idan kun kiyaye waɗannan ƙa'idodi. Irƙiri madaidaicin microclimate, kuma za ta amsa maka da ƙoshin lafiya da fure.

Kamar sauran nau'ikan violet, Saintpaulia za su yi ado gidanku

Haske da zazzabi

Kamar yawancin tsire-tsire na fure, bukatar senpolis cikin haske mai isasshen haskeKoyaya, basa son hasken rana kai tsaye. A lokacin bazara da farkon lokacin bazara, furanni da aka samo akan gabas, kudu maso gabas da windows sau da yawa suna buƙatar yawan haske. Kuna iya amfani da sauro sauro ko kuma yin kuwwa don wannan.

Tsawon lokacin hasken rana yana da matukar muhimmanci: a lokacin da ya kai awanni 12-14, tsiron ya yi fure mai zurfi kuma ya girma ya hauhawar kore, idan ya yi kwangila, sinadarin yakan yi barci. Ba kamar yawancin dangin sa na fure ba, Saintpaulia baya saukar da ganye don hunturu, amma ya daina girma da kuma fitar da sabon fure.

Haske na shuka ta amfani da LEDs ko fitila mai haske zai ba da izinin duk tsawon shekara sha'awan furanni. Koyaya, daga lokaci zuwa lokaci har yanzu yana da ƙimar ba da shuka ga watanni na hutawa.

Wani muhimmin mahimmanci don haɓaka lafiya da fure shine zazzabi a ɗakin. Saintpaulia baya son zafi da sauyin zazzabi kwatsam, yana jin mafi kyawun digiri 18-25. Dankin yana da haƙuri da sanyin sanyi, yana iya jure wa zafin jiki na ɗan gajeren lokaci zuwa digiri 5-6 na zafi.

Haske mai tsayi shine aboki mafi kyau na violetin Uzambara, saboda yana tsoron hasken rana kai tsaye

Ofaya daga cikin mafi tsananin hatsarin maƙiyan senpolia shine daftarin aiki. Ko da a cikin watanni masu zafi ba da shawarar ba tsirrai a sararin sama su bar ta taga a buɗe.

Variegated senpolias na buƙatar haske fiye da takwarorinsu tare da ganyen ganye masu tsabta, a cikin isasshen haske sun rasa launi, suna girma monophonic foliage.

Ilasa da manyan miya don Saintpaulia

Senpolia yana buƙatar mai arziki a cikin abubuwan gina jiki, amma a lokaci guda haske, ƙasa mai iska mai tsabta, tsaka tsaki ko ɗan acidic. A cikin shagunan fure, gaurayawar ƙasa da aka shirya suna wakilta sosai.

Idan kuna so, zaku iya yin madaidaicin cikakken abu don violet tare da hannuwanku ta hanyar haɗuwa wadannan abubuwan hade:

Bangare	Nawa kuke bukata
Kasa mai gina jiki	Guda 6
Perlite	Bangare 1
Kwakwalwa	Bangare 1
Moss sphagnum	Bangare 1
Haɗa Kai	Bangare 1

Kada ka manta game da magudanar ruwa: duk da cewa ƙasar kanta tana ƙunshe da yawancin perlite, yana da mahimmanci don sanya isasshen Layer daga gare ta a kasan tukunyar. Sphagnum an maye gurbinsa da fiber na kwakwa ko ƙasa mai peat.

Perlite, kamar yumɓu mai yumɓu, ya zama kyakkyawan malalewa, amma ya fi dacewa da violet.

Wani muhimmin batun da kuke buƙatar kula da shi, domin senpolia ta girma kuma blooms shine takin zamani. Wuce su daga waɗannan furanni ba su da haɗari fiye da rashi - violet overfed with nitrogen samar da mummunar kwance sako-sako kuma yana sauƙaƙa raguwa daga ƙaramar ambaliya.

Babban abun da ke cikin phosphorus a cikin kasar shine yake hana shuka samun karfen ƙarfe kuma yana haifar da rawaya ganye - chlorosis.

A lokacin girma girma, ana ciyar da vioam Uzambara kowane mako biyu tare da maganin takaddun takaddun ma'adinai don tsire-tsire na fure, sashi wanda ya kamata ya zama rabin abin da shawarar ta bayar.

A cikin hunturu, idan, saboda rage hasken rana sa'o'i, fure ya shiga wani wurin hutawa, baya bukatar takin zamani. Tare da isasshen hasken wuta, ana iya amfani da suturar saman kai shekara-shekara.

Ana amfani da takin ƙasa a ƙarƙashin senpolia a lokacin ban ruwa. Foliar saman miya a kansu ba shine mafi kyawun ra'ayi ba, saboda ganyen magarya na waɗannan tsirrai ba sa son wuce haddi, kuma ba a ba da shawarar su fesawa ba.

Watering da spraying

Tushen bakin ciki, na sama-sama na senpolia suna tsoron overdrying, amma sun fi tsoron bay. Idan, tare da rashin danshi, da shuka rahoton matsala tare da drooping ganye cewa karba turgor da kuma daidaita kamar wata hours bayan watering, to, da suka wuce haddi ne fraught tare da lalata.

Saboda haka, ya kamata a shayar da Saintpaulia lokacin da ƙasa a cikin tukunya yana da lokaci don bushewa, a matsakaici - sau ɗaya kowace kwanaki 4-5, ba tare da faɗuwa a kan ganyayyaki ba, har ma fiye da haka - zuwa tsakiyar mafita.

Violetin Uzambar ya isa karancin zafi A cikin gida, amma idan tukunyar tana kan windowsill kusa da baturin, to ya kamata a saka kwanon ruɓa tare da ɗanyen taɓin da yake kusa da fure, kuma daga lokaci zuwa lokaci ƙara ruwa a wannan kwanon.

Fitar da tsarkakan kasashe ba a bukatar shi kuma a mafi yawan lokuta ma cutarwa ce.

Tukunyar Saintpaulia

Tun da tushen tsarin shuka ba shi da iko sosai, a cikin babban tukunya ƙasa za ta kasance ba ta yin tsari kuma tana iya farawa. Sabili da haka, tukunya don senpolia ya zama ƙanana da rashin ƙarfi.

Girman matsakaici shine mafi kyawun zaɓi don violet, koda kuwa kuna son siyan furen fure

Itace yana buƙatar dasawa sau ɗaya a kowace shekara biyu zuwa uku, kada kuyi sauri tare da shi - Uzambara violet yana jin daɗin ko da a cikin ƙananan kwantena, waɗanda suke daɗaɗɗar faɗaɗa karami da kanti ganye. Bayan dasawa, bai kamata ku shayar da shuka a rana mai zuwa ko biyu ba.

Cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar Uzambara

Mafi sau da yawa, cututtukan senpolia suna tsokanar su ta hanyar kulawa mara kyau ko yanayin mummunan. Sabili da haka, don nasarar da suka samu, ya zama dole a gano da kuma kawar da ainihin dalilin da ya haifar da su. In ba haka ba, sauran mazaunan windowsill na iya wahala.

Cututtukan masu zuwa sun fi yawanci:

Powdery Mildew Ganyayyaki mai narkewa na shuka an rufe shi da farar fata, tare da sake tunawa da plaque gari mai yaduwa, wanda ba shi da amfani don ƙoƙarin shafewa - yana dawowa da sauri zuwa wurin da aka mamaye. Shuka ta daina bushewaraunana.

Cutar tana tsokanar da abubuwan da suka dace da ci gaban naman gwari, kamar haɓakar zafi, ƙura da aka sanya a cikin ganyayyaki, rashin walƙiya, ƙwayar nitrogen mai yawa a cikin ƙasa, wanda ke rage ƙwayar shuka.

A matsayin magani, ana ba da shawarar cewa a bi da shuka sau biyu tare da Fundazole ko wani fungicide tare da tazara tsakanin kwanaki goma.

Tushen launin toka yana kama da ruwansa da launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi wanda yake bayyana akan ganyayyaki, furanni, da kuma ƙasa a cikin tukunyar da ke jujjuyawa a ƙarƙashin ƙasan ta. Soilasa ce, ko kuma hakan, ragowar tsire-tsire masu cututtukan da ke ciki, galibi yakan zama tushen kamuwa da cuta.

Saboda haka shawarar zuba tafasasshen ruwa ko maganin dindindin na potassium wanda aka shirya don dasa shuki, koda kuwa an sayo shi ne a shago. Samuwar cutar sau da yawa ana tsokanar ta da yawan zafin jiki.

Tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi da ke lalacewa suna buƙatar ƙone su, waɗanda har yanzu za a iya dawo da su ana bi da su ta hanyar fungicides sau 2-3 tare da tazara tsakanin kwanaki 10-14, cire ganyayen ganye da furanni.

Fusarium Wannan cutar ta fungal kuma ana kiranta da lalata da ke fitowa. Tare da shi, tushen da petioles na ganye kusa da ƙasa yi duhu kuma rot. Tsire-tsire yawanci suna yin rashin lafiya saboda ambaliya, ajiye a cikin dakin sanyi, ƙasa mai nauyi wanda danshi ke yin tururi, kuma a lokacin da ake dasa shuki a cikin tukunyar ƙasa.

Fusarium spores ne babu makawa a cikin ƙasa, sabili da haka, kafin dasa shuki, dole ne a sake amfani da madadin ruwa ta ruwan zãfi ko daskarewa, kuma a matsayin gwargwadon rigakafin, ana shayar da violet rauni kowane watanni biyu bayani na kowane magani fungicidal.

Fusarium - naman gwari mai haɗari wanda ke haifar da mummunan sakamako ga fure

Hakanan ana fama da tsire-tsire marasa lafiya tare da fundazole ko wasu fungicides, kodayake damar samun cetonsu mai laushi ce. Don sarrafawa, ana amfani da makirci ɗaya kamar yadda a yanayin saɓanin launin toka mai ruɗi.

Moral na hoto. Wannan cuta ta bazu cikin kwari na kwari kuma sannu a hankali tana lalata lafiyar shuka, har ya kai ga yanke ganye da furanni, sannan mutuwa. Afa Lea Leaf da petals sun zama maras kyau, an rufe su da mottles, Twist.

Babu maganin warkarwa da cutar mosaiki hoto. Dole ne a lalata marasa lafiya na senpolia don kauce wa kamuwa da cuta na samfurori masu lafiya.

Wani lokaci tsire-tsire masu kamuwa da kwayar cutar hoto ko bidiyo mai hoto kamar disiegated iri-iri.

Ba shi da wuya a rarrabe fure mai lafiya daga ƙwayar cuta da ke kamuwa da ita - a cikin nau'ikan iri dabam dabam, launi ne kawai yake canzawa, yayin da ƙwayar Uzambara mara lafiya ta lalace, kamar dai ganyayen mara ganye, ƙananan furanni masu mummuna da karkatacciyar farfajiya.

Karin kwari na Senpolia

Uzambara violet babu takamaiman kwari, babban kwari shine gurbataccen kwari ga yawancin ɗakunan gidan: gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, kwari da aphids.

Aphids suna ɗaukar dukkanin ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga shuka, kuma suna haɓaka sosai da sauri

Spider mites karami ne, kusan ba a iya gani ga tsirara ido arthropods, fasalin halayyar wanne ne mai laushi, kamar-plaque a saman filayen ganye.
Thrips sune kwari masu fuka-fukai wadanda ba su da girma a milimita a girma. Sau da yawa suna ɓoye a cikin ƙasa kuma sun tsaya ga asalinsu. Cutar tsirrai duka manya da lardin su.
Aphids ƙananan kwari ne, masu kifaye ko kifayen, na launin toka, kore, launi mai launin shuɗi, mara aiki, amma suna sakewa da sauri. Suna tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga shuka, sun lalata shi da sinadarin sukari, wanda ya zama ingantaccen madadin aiki don yaduwar cututtukan fungi.

Ana amfani da kayan aikin da yawa don lalata parasites, farawa da magunguna, kamar su Actellik, Aktara, da ƙare tare da magunguna na mutane - maganin itacen ash, ruwa mai soapy, wanda aka narkar da cologne. Mafi yawan lokuta, magani daya baya bada tasiri, kuma dole ne a maimaita shi sau biyu zuwa uku.

Marasa lafiya senpolia dole ne a keɓe shi - kwari, idan sun fara hallaka su, fara fara neman sabon gida, da kuma shiga cikin tsire-tsire makwabta.

Hakanan, don guje wa kamuwa da cututtukan furanni masu lafiya, yana da kyau ɗan lokaci keɓe masu ciwo Kayan tsire-tsire da aka sayi sabo. Sau da yawa ana buƙatar wannan ma'aunin lokacin da ake kamuwa da tsire-tsire na cikin gida tare da parasites. Misali, wannan itace hanyar da zaka iya ajiye orchid yayin harin kwari.

Yabon fure

Yaduwar senpolia, da sauran tsirrai na dangin Gesneriaceae, galibi ana yin sa ne da ciyawar. Abubuwan Violet masu ƙanƙanuwa ne, seedlings suna da taushi kuma sauƙaƙe ya shafi cututtukan da yawa.

Saboda haka, ta hanyar shuka iri, ana yaduwa ne kawai don dalilai na kiwo, saboda haka, wannan hanyar ba ta dacewa da mai sauƙin shuka. Me za ku yi idan kuna son samun wata kwafin ƙwayar kuka fi so?

Ganya

Rooting ganye - mafi sauki kuma babu matsala zaɓi. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar ganye guda ɗaya daga daji mai lafiya. Zai fi kyau ɗaukar shi daga na biyu daga ƙarshen layin zanen gado a cikin mafita. An yanke ganye don haka yana da santimita 3-4 na petiole. Yanki na iya zama na kai tsaye ko kuma na gushewa.

Lokacin da yake yaduwa iri iri, chimeras, kuna buƙatar zaɓar variegated, amma ba cikakke ganye ba ne gabaɗaya, in ba haka ba yaran da aka samu zasu zama kore-ganye.

Idan ba za a iya sanya takardar nan da nan cikin ruwa ko ƙasa ba, ko kuma lokacin da aka aiko ta hanyar wasiƙa da kuma wrinkled dan kadan, kuna buƙatar cire ƙananan ta cikin rauni, dan kadan mai sauƙi na potassium na dindindin na tsawon sa'o'i 2-3, bayan hakan bushe yanki shi kuma fara rooting.

Tabbatar cewa ganyen ya rage centan santimita na petiole

A ruwa

Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don tushen ganye na Saintpaulia: a cikin ruwa da ƙasa. Idan an kafe shi da ruwa, yana da muhimmanci a zaɓi akwati na gilashin duhu ko kuma a lullube shi da takarda - Tushen matasa suna tsoron rana.

Ruwa a cikin tanki baya buƙatar canzawa, koda kuwa ya fara toho, kawai matso shi ya isa. Yana da mahimmanci cewa farantin takardar ba ta nutsuwa cikin ruwa, wannan ya cika tare da lalata.

A cikin ƙasa

A cikin ƙasa, ba shi yiwuwa a sarrafa tsarin tushen, amma Tushen ba shi da damuwa, wanda zai sa su motsa daga ruwa zuwa matsakaici mai tsayi. Ana buƙatar theasa iri ɗaya kamar na violet na manya - haske, numfashi, koyaushe gurbata shi da zubar ruwan zãfi ko daskarewa.

Don hana wucewar ruwa daga cikin kwanon da ba a girka ba, zai fi kyau sanya sandar a cikin karamin shinkafa ko kawai a ajiye ta ƙarƙashin jakar filastik.

Ruwan zãfi hanya ce mai kyau don share ƙasa kafin dasa shuki

Lokaci Rooting ya dogara da abubuwa da dalilai na waje, farawa daga danshi da ƙare tare da tsawon lokacin awoyi na hasken rana. Yawancin lokaci yakan ɗauki makonni biyu zuwa watanni biyu don ilmantar da yara.

Watanni biyu zuwa uku, yaran sun sami nasu 'yar ganye da yawa a zaune a cikin tukwane.

Wani lokacin yara suna yin kafa a ƙafar manyan kantuna. An rarrabe su kuma a sanya su cikin tukwane daban-daban a kowane lokaci na shekara - yana da mahimmanci kawai cewa akwai isasshen hasken wuta kuma yawan zafin jiki shine mafi kyawu don haɓakar violetin Uzambara.

Don ingantacciyar rayuwa, ana kuma iya rufe su da jaka ko a sanya su cikin takin zamani na mako 1-2.

Raba Bush

Hanyar haɗari mafi dacewa da ake haifarwa shine rarraba daji. Wannan zai yiwu ne kawai lokacin da hanyar guda ɗaya ta senpolia ke da maki biyu ko sama da haka. An cire tsire daga tukunya, kuma an yanke daji a hankali domin kowane sashi yana da matsayin ci gaban kansa. Bayan haka, ana dasa sassan a cikin tukwane.

Bayan rarraba daji, ya fi kada a shayar da sabbin samfurori da yawa na kwanaki da yawa. Wannan zai ba da damar guji lalata tsarin lalacewa.

Sabuntawar Saintpaulia

Abin baƙin ciki, tsire-tsire ba sa girma ƙarami a kan lokaci. Saintpaulia ke tsiro da ganyayyaki matasa, yayin da tsohuwar ganye daga ƙananan layuka na Rosette a hankali bushewa suke fita, kuma aka nuna tushen wuyansa. Wannan ya sa shuka ta zama mai saurin lalacewa kuma kawai tana kama da mummuna. Me ake buƙatar yi don sake sabunta senpolia?

Lokacin sake sabuntawa, kada kuji tsoron tsabtace rosette na fure daga ganyayyaki bushe da wasu abubuwa - to ya kasance kawai ya zurfafa shi

Hanya mafi sauƙi - zurfafa waje. Zai fi kyau a haɗe shi tare da dasawa. Bayan cire bushe ganye da kuma mai tushe na peduncles da tsaftacewa kara daga ƙasa, ya kamata a dan kadan a nannade da sphagnum da zurfafa a lokacin da dasa, domin fitar da waje a wurin da ya saba.

Idan ba a bukatar juyawa, to ƙasa, don a rufe gangar jikin, an ƙara shi cikin tukunyar. Watara da shuka a farko ya fi kyau a cikin kwanon rufi ko gefen tukunyar.

Wani zaɓi, mafi dacewa ga tsoffin tsire-tsire waɗanda tuni aka zurfafa su fiye da sau ɗaya, kuma waɗanda suka yi girma mai tsayi, tushe mai tushe, tushe ne mai tushe.

Sharp sanitized fatar kan mutum an yanke mafita tare da hemp game da santimita mai tsayi, kuma an sanya shi cikin tukunya mai kyau a cikin tukunyar ƙasa mai laushi kadan.

Yana da mahimmanci a gyara shi sosai saboda rudin sababbin tushen lalacewa ba su canza ta hanyar canji na wuri ba. Don kada shuka ya fara bushewa, dole ne a sanya shi a cikin kora ko a rufe shi da jakar filastik.

Zaku iya sake fitar da kanti a ruwa. Don yin wannan, gyara shi sama da ruwa domin kututture ya nitse, amma ganyen ganye da ƙudurin girma ya bushe.

Tushen a wurin da aka yanke yana bayyana bayan kimanin wata guda. Ba da daɗewa ba sai ta koma ta yi fure.

Kulawa da Saintpaulia ya fi sauki fiye da da yawa daga dangin sa na fure, sabanin su, ya kasance na ado ne a duk tsawon shekara - koda kuwa violet din bai yi fure ba, daskararren rosette na emerald kore ganye ne mai kyawu.

Ko da marowaci ɗan ƙwararraki na iya samar mata da mafi kyawun yanayi. Ba ya buƙatar kulawa ta kusa kuma don karancin kulawa a cikin nau'i na dace watering, ƙasa da aka zaɓa daidai da isasshen adadin haske, mai karimci godiya ga mai shi tare da cikakkunn furanni.