Furen da ba a fassara shi ba wanda ya zo gidajen mu da kuma lambuna daga wurare masu nisa sun jawo hankalin miliyoyin masu noman fure. Kulawar Begonia a gida ba shi da wahala kuma yana samuwa ga kowa. Siffar asali ta ganyayyaki, nau'ikan nau'ikan inflorescences, tsayi mai tsayi da yawan gaske - duk wannan magana ce mai girma. Kyawunta ba ta ba da ƙarni ɗaya na maza da mata.
A yau, kusan 1000 na nau'ikansa da nau'ikan kayan ado an sansu, kazalika da nau'ikan 2000 bred.
Yarda da masaniyar sarauniyar mashaya
Daga cikin babban adadin nau'in halittu da rarrabuwa na begonias, za'a iya lura da manyan abubuwan:
- iri dake yanke hukunci;
- nau'in fure;
- raguwa;
- gyada;
- tsayi;
- creeping begonias a ƙasa;
- tare da tushen tuberous;
- tare da karfi da rhizomes;
- iri iri
- nau'in shekara-shekara;
- zaɓin titin;
- na cikin gida begonias.
Kowace tsire-tsire yana da kyawawan ganye mara kyau. Manya da karami, kore da ja, mai sheki da karammiski, a bayyane kuma tare da alamu. Yawancinsu suna kama da maple ko ganye na dabino, wanda ke sa fure ta asali.
Babu ƙarancin kyawawa siffofin farantin ganye. Wasu daga cikinsu manya-manyan, kamar burdocks ko kunnuwa giwayen Afirka. Wasu kuma suna zagaye, suna kama da faranti masu launuka. Akwai nau'ikan da ganye suna yanke tare da gefuna, wanda ke haifar da bayyanar asymmetry.
Babban jijiya ganye ya rarrabe shi a rabi zuwa sassa daban-daban. Sabili da haka, koyaushe suna da sihiri mara kyau. A kara, ganyayyaki suna zama a cikin siffar mosaic. Wannan ya basu damar tona junan su daga babban tushen hasken wutar.
Sashin ɓangaren farantin ganye yana yawanci kore. Ya danganta da iri-iri, an yarda gradation na inuwa. A bayan fensir ana fentin ja, shuɗi ko ruwan kasa.
Gashi mai laushi a kan ganyayyaki da ganyayyakin suna kama da na sarauta. An fentin su a cikin mulufi ko kore, fari ko tagulla. Godiya ga wannan, begonia yana da kyakkyawa mai ƙyalli wanda kake son taɓawa.
Tsarin rikice-rikice, tabo daban-daban ko shanyewar jiki suna ba ganye ga asalinsu. Wasu lokuta, da alama ganye suna furanni ne na begonia na ado.
Don kada ganye su rasa kyawun kwalliyar su, kar a fesa su. Lokacin da magudanar ruwa ta faɗo a kansu, aibobi suka bayyana. Bayan haka, takardar ta mutu.
A zahiri, lokacin da shuka tsiro, za ku fahimci cewa ganyayyaki sune kawai abubuwan fara ado masu kyau. Inflorescences na Begonia suna faranta wa ido rai tare da irin waɗannan launuka:
- Scarlet da launin ja mai zurfi;
- dusar ƙanƙara-fari da fatara;
- ruwan hoda da bakin kwalliya;
- da launin shuɗi da ruwan zaki.
Bugu da kari, wadannan kyawawan furannin suna da kyawawan ƙanshi. Lokacin da shuka ya lalace, tinyan ƙaramar sanduna suna bayyana a kan mai tushe, daga cikinsu akwai tsaba. Ripened "kwantena" crack, kuma suna tashi baya. Godiya ga wannan, ƙasa cike take da sababbin furanni.
Kamar yadda al'adar ta nuna, begonia ya bazu ko'ina cikin ƙasa kuma ya ɗauki tushe sosai a tsakiyar matsakalai. Tunda babban wurinda take zaune ne, yana da mahimmanci a kula da ita yadda ya kamata.
Dokokin Kula da Sauki na Sauki
Gidajen da kyawawan wurare na wurare masu zafi suke samun mazaunin su sun yi kama da wurin shakatawa. Suna faranta rai da ido a koyaushe tare da ciyawar fure ko kuma ƙanshin furanni. Ba tare da kulawa da kyau ga shuka ba, wannan ba shi yiwuwa ba. Biyo wa ka'idodi masu sauki domin kula da begonias a gida, zaka iya kirkirar wani gidan aljanna.
Bako daga cikin tsaunukan ba ya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, amma dole ne a bi ka'idodin.
Isasshen haske
Tun da gidan Sarauniyar 'yar tsintsiya madaurinkiɗa ce, koyaushe tana buƙatar hasken wuta. Idan bai isa ba, shuka zai rasa tasirin kayan ado. A lokaci guda, yana da mahimmanci a warwatsa shi. Hasken haske mai haske yakan haifar da ƙona alamun a cikin ganyayyaki. Don ƙirƙirar yanayin haske mai gamsarwa, ana bada shawara don sanya begonia a wurare masu duhu na gidan.
Don ƙirƙirar kambi mai kyau, ana iya fuskantar tukunya lokaci-lokaci a gaban haske.
Ingancin iska
Lokacin da tambaya ta taso: yadda za a kula da begonia, daidaita zafi a cikin ɗakin ba shine wuri na ƙarshe ba. Wannan inji yana buƙatar zafi mai zafi, amma ba ta hanyar fesawa ba.
Don magance matsalar, zaku iya yin irin wannan ƙira. Sanya tukunya da shuka a ɗan ƙaramin wuri. Sannan an sanya shi a kan babbar falo, wacce aka yi liyi da yumbu mai kauri a gefuna (Hakanan zaka iya amfani da gansakuka). Bayan wannan, dole ne a rinka shafawa a kai a kai domin kada ruwa ya gudana. A sakamakon haka, Begonia ya sami kashi na danshi.
Dace mai kyau ruwa
Don a tabbatar da cancantar kula da begonias, ya kamata a yi la'akari da yanayi da ruwa. Kodayake asalinsa ya girma ne a cikin tsaunukan zafi, inda ake samun ruwan sama mai yawa, kar a cika shi.
Don kauce wa ambaliyar ruwa, ana zuba magudanan ruwa a gindin tankin da aka dasa begonia. Don haka, yawan ruwa mai yalwa yana gudana. Yana da mahimmanci a tabbatar cewa ruwan ba ya tsayawa a cikin tarin.
Yana da kyau zuwa ruwa Begonia tare da tsabta, zazzage ruwa. Ana bada shawarar a sake yin aikin kamar yadda topsoil ya bushe.
Yana da kyau a bi wannan tsarin don shayar da begonias:
- A cikin watanni na bazara, ya kamata a shayar da shuka sosai sau biyu a mako.
- Lokacin da tsananin zafi yake a wajen taga, sai a sanyaya ƙasa a kowace rana.
- A cikin kaka (farawa a watan Oktoba) - kamar yadda ɓangaren ɓangaren ƙasa yake bushewa.
- A cikin hunturu, shuka ba ya buƙatar yawan danshi. Kawai akan bukatar.
- Tare da farkon bazara, yawan adadin yawan ruwa ya kamata a ƙara girma don haɓaka haɓakar shuka.
A bu mai kyau muyi daidai da bukatun begonias, da aka ba irinsa da lokacin furanni.
Ciyarwa na yau da kullun
Don haka furanni na begonia koyaushe suna m, kuna buƙatar ciyar da su akai-akai. Don wannan, akwai takin gargajiya na musamman.
Da zaran Begonia fara fure, yana buƙatar miya miya. Saboda haka, sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 14, ƙasa tana cika da ma'adinai masu amfani.
Idan nitrogen sashi ne na kayan kwalliyar sinadarai, ana amfani dashi don deconious begonias.
Lirƙiri lush bushes
Wani bako mai haɓaka daga tropics kusan koyaushe yana kama da aibi. Koyaya, a wasu halaye, yana rasa tasirin ado. Don gyara wannan aibi, an ba da shawarar dasa shuki. Ana yin tatsuniya a tsayin kusan 5 cm daga gefen gilar. Sakamakon wannan, ƙwayoyin kodan suna zuwa rai kuma suna fara haɓakawa.
Trimming rassan zai fi dacewa da wuka mai kaifi don kada su lalata begonia inflorescences.
Kula da furanni
Mafi sau da yawa, zaku iya jin daɗin furanni na bazara a cikin bazara, a kan rana mai haske. Kawai 'yan iri dake Bloom shekara zagaye. Saboda haka, kula da lambu, a wannan lokacin, yi ƙoƙari ku kula da furanni a hankali. Don kada tsiro ya lalace, wasu daga cikin rassan an tsage su. A sakamakon haka, shuka ba shi da lafiya. Tunda ya kalli furannin begonia a cikin hoto, zaku iya tunanin irin jin daɗin da yake samu game da irin wannan shuka.
Yin amfani da waɗannan dokoki masu sauƙi don kulawa na begonia, ba da gangan ba ku sami motsin zuciyar kirki. Amma, menene zai taimaka wajen haɓaka irin wannan sarauniyar tsibiran a gida? Shawara mai kyau daga yan lambu.
Cigaba da farashi a gida
Kafin dasa shuki begonia a gida, kuna buƙatar zaɓar damar da ta dace. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine tukwane na tukwane. Yakamata ya fi girma girma fiye da tushen tsarin tsiro daga cm 4 Idan ƙarfin ya yi yawaita, tsirin zai iya fama da matsanancin danshi. A sakamakon haka, an keta lokacin furanni.
Canasa za'a iya siyan sayan da aka shirya ko aka shirya dashi da kansa. Littleauki ɗan ganye a ƙasa, ƙara yashi, peat da humus a ciki. Shuka shuka a cikin cakuda da aka gama.
Domin namowa da kulawa da begonias a gida don kawo sakamako masu dacewa, yana da mahimmanci, da farko, dasa shi daidai.
An sanya magudana a kasan kwanon da aka dafa. Fuska na gaba (3 cm) gawayi ne, wanda yake zama hanyar kariya daga lalacewa. Bayan haka ana dasa shukar ƙasa tare da ƙaramin ƙasa. A sakamakon voids suna cike da ƙasa tattalin. Bayan wannan, begonia ana shayar da shi sosai.
Yana da kyawawa don dasa shuka a tsakiyar Maris. Kawai a wancan lokacin, isasshen haske ya bayyana ga matasa begonias.
Yawancin nau'ikan Sarauniyar Tropics ana haɓaka su cikin tray ba tare da binne su a ƙasa ba. An sanya su cikin ɗakunan da ke da kyawawan haske a zazzabi na akalla digiri 16 da kuma zafi mai zafi. Lokacin da shuka ya samo tushe, ana dasa shi a cikin wani wuri mai ɗorewa a farkon lokacin bazara.
Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a san yadda ake musayar cikin gida da kyau. Yayinda yake girma yana ɗaukar tushe, ya zama dole don tura shi zuwa wata tukunyar. Don yin wannan, da farko, an zubar da ƙasa a yalwace da ruwa domin a iya cire tsiron daga nan. Zai fi kyau dasa shi washegari saboda ƙasa ba rigar, amma m dan kadan.
Lokacin da shuka ya riga ya shiga cikin sabon tukunya, yana da mahimmanci a cika shi da duniya zuwa ga wucin gadi kuma nan da nan cika shi da ruwa. Bayan mako guda, ƙasa ta zauna kuma saman yayan ta bushe. Idan ya cancanta, ƙara yawan ƙasa. A cikin mako na farko, begonia ba za a iya shayar ba, amma lokaci-lokaci kawai aka fesa. Hakanan a hankali kare shi daga zayyana da hasken mai haske.
Idan begonia ba ta yin fure ba, kulawar gida ta ƙunshi lokaci-lokaci na yanke rassan shuka. Musamman bayan juyawa. Wannan hanyar tana taimakawa wajen kirkirar kyawawan bushes da siffofin adonsu.
Sake bugun kyawawan kayan kasashen waje
Kyaftin furen furanni na musamman yana yaduwa a hanyoyi da dama:
- hanyar shuka iri;
- rarraba tuber;
- yanke;
- rabuwa na bushes;
- yankan rhizome.
Mafi dacewa lokacin dacewa don ciyar da begonias shine bazara ko farkon watan bazara.
Shuka tsaba
Ana bada shawarar shuka tsaba a ƙarshen hunturu ko a farkon makon Maris. An watsa su a ƙasa a cikin akwati na musamman. Ba tare da saman rufe tare da ƙasa ba, rufe tare da gilashi kuma ɗauka a cikin wurin mai dumi, mai haske. Zaku iya shayar da ruwa tare da fesa ruwa.
Lokacin da ganye na uku ya bayyana, ana bukatar Begonia a karon farko. Bayan watanni 2 na biyu. Sannan ana sanya begonias cikin tukwane daban, inda ake kafe. Tare da rashin haske, ana amfani da ƙarin hasken wuta.
Da zaran ka shuka tsaba, da sauri Begonia zai yi fure.
Raba Tuber
Wannan hanyar yaduwa ana yin ta ta yankan huhun kwaya a cikin guda. An yayyafa wuraren yankan da gawayi domin su bushe. Bayan haka suna yin girma a cikin filayen fure ko akwatina.
Yankan
A kan yaduwar yatsun itace dole ne ya zama akalla 3 ganye. Dole ne a yayyafa shi tare da carbon wanda aka kunna da carbon. Dankin yana da tushe a wata 1 a zazzabi na 21 da zafi.
Rarraba rarraba
Ana amfani da wannan hanyar don nau'in daji na begonia. Duka daji tare da tushen an yanke shi guda. Sannan dasa shuki a cikin filayen fure daban.
Yankan Rhizome
Wannan hanyar tana dacewa da amfani dashi lokacin bazara, lokacin dasa tsire-tsire. Yana da kyawawa don yanke rhizome wanda ya sa harbi tare da tushe kuma ana samun koda. Kowane sashi ana shuka shi ne a cikin tukunya daban.
Sad gaskiya - cuta
Abin baƙin ciki ne a lura lokacin da Begonia ta rasa furannin fure ko ganyayyaki. Wani lokacin akwai bushe iska a bayan sa, rashin ruwa ko haske. Irin waɗannan matsalolin ana iya magance su cikin sauƙi.
To, a lõkacin da wata shuka cutar da gizo-gizo mite ko aphid, ƙarin kokarin ake bukata. Kwaro yana zaune a bayan ganye kuma, kamar kwayar daji, tana ciyar da garkuwar tsiro. Don kawar da Begonia daga kwari, yana da shawarar fesa ganye mara lafiya tare da abubuwa na musamman.
Begonia, ba shakka, bazai iya gode wa maigidanta ba saboda kulawa da kulawa. Amma, zai tsabtace iska a cikin ɗakin. Zai ba da motsin zuciyarmu yayin fure. Yi ado na asali da kayan cikin gida ko lambun. Kuma yana tuno da kyawun aljannar duniya wanda da zarar ta kasance a duniya.
