Yaushe shuka gatsaniya lokacin girma daga tsaba

Gatzania, ko gazania, baƙi ce daga Mozambique da ke rana da Afirka ta Kudu. Kyakkyawan fure mai ƙoshin gaske wanda zaku iya sha'awan sa'o'i. Gatsaniya 'yar'uwar rana ce. Da tsakar rana ne ya buɗe, a ƙarƙashin haskensa mai zafi. Don wannan dukiya ana kiranta "zinar tsakar rana." A cikin wannan labarin, zamu gano lokacin da zai yiwu a shuka gazania daga tsaba da kuma yadda ake shuka shi daidai.

Bayani da sifofin gatsaniya: shekara da shekara

Gatzania (Afirka ta zamani) ita ce ta shekara shekara, ko tsararraki, daga dangin Astrov. A tsayi ba ya kai fiye da 30 cm. Takardun ganye na launin toka-kore, ko launi mai haske mai launi daban-daban, masu siffofi, "farar ruwa" daga ƙasa. M villi zama wani nau'i na kariya daga sanyi, kuma a cikin lokutan bushewar sultry, suna riƙe danshi. Ana fentin inflorescences a cikin sautunan rana: rawaya, ruwan lemo, ja. Kadan na kowa ne fari, ruwan hoda, tabarau mai tsami. A diamita, sun yi girma daga 4 zuwa 9. cm yana fure a watan Yuni, kuma yana ci gaba da jin daɗin kyanta har sanyi na farko.

Asalin tarihi

Tarihin tsire-tsire yana da ban sha'awa sosai. Ya tashi a karni na 17. A Turai, an sa masa suna bayan firist dan kasar Italia Theodor von Gaza, wanda ya zama sanannen fassarar ƙwararrun ayyukan Aristotle da Theophrastus.

Itacen fure shima ya zama ruwan dare a Afirka ta Kudu, Australia.

Shahararren ra'ayoyi

Akwai nau'ikan wannan shuka. Mafi mashahuri sune:

1. Hysan gatsaniya. Doguwa ce gajeru, tare da dogayen sanduna, ko kuma ba tare da shi ko kadan. Tare da kyawawan manyan furanni, rawaya, ruwan lemo, ja. Blooms a watan Yuni.
2. Longshot Gatsaniya. Tana da gajeru mai tushe, tare da kunkuntar dogon ganye. Furanni masu launin rawaya, tare da farin iyaka kusa da gefen, da iyaka mai launin ruwan kasa a tsakiyar inflorescence. Wannan iri-iri blooms, daga baya matasan gatsaniya, a watan Agusta.
3. Gatsania Talent. Babban fasalin wannan nau'in shine launi mai laushi mai tsabta na inflorescence. Ya bambanta da sauran nau'ikan a cikin cewa ba ya rufe cikin yanayin girgije.
4. Gazania Frosty. Furen fure, tare da manyan inflorescences, wanda ya kai diamita na 15 cm. Inflorescences yana ƙyalƙyali launuka masu tsayi na tsaye.

Shin zai yuwu a shuka fure daga tsaba?

Gazania za a iya girma daga tsaba a cikin mafi yawan yanayi mai laushi. Kawai don wannan kuna buƙatar fara shuka seedlings. Mafi kyawun lokacin dasa shuki shine daga watan Fabrairu zuwa Afrilu. Don yin wannan, tara sama a cikin jan zane. Ya kamata ƙasa ta kasance mai daɗaɗa da haske, tare da acidity na 5.5-6.5. Shuka tsaba baya buƙatar zama da yawa, a nesa na 2-3 cm daga juna, ana iya yin tazara. Ana iya dannan dan kadan a cikin ƙasa, ko a ɗanƙaƙa shi da ƙasa, ko yashi kuma a yayyafa shi da ruwa. Sa'an nan kuma mun sanya akwatin a cikin wurin dumi -18-20 digiri. Bayan kwanaki 7-14, sai tsaba suka yi girma.

Bayan makonni 4, bayan shuka, dole ne a shuka seedlings cikin tukwanen peat.

Kuma an bar shi a wuri mai sanyaya (digiri 12-16). A wannan lokaci, wajibi ne don fara tauraron shuka. Don buɗe taga, kaɗan kaɗan don zuwa titi. Babban abu shine a guji zane-zane. Ko kuna da zaɓi na shekara ɗaya ko shekara ɗaya a gare ku.

Sharuɗɗa da yanayin shuka a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa

Ana shuka 'ya'yan itace a cikin ƙasa buɗe yayin da sanyi ya sake komawa: daga tsakiyar Mayu zuwa tsakiyar watan Yuni. Soilasa ta zama haske, tsaka tsaki. Kasa don dasa gazania dole ne ta kasance a buɗe ga rana.

A cikin inuwa, shuka zai mutu. Yana ƙaunar ko da hasken rana kai tsaye.

Gatsaniya ana shuka shi a fili a cikin tukwane na peat. Dole ne a yi wannan a hankali, ba tare da ɓata tushen ba. Gazania zata sami tushe a ciki, ko kuma ta mutu. Tushen tushen wuri mai matukar damuwa ne kuma mai saurin faruwa a cikin fure. Shuka shuka a nesa na 20 cm daga juna.

Blooms bayan watanni uku bayan shuka tsaba.

Gazania shuka ce mai zafi da tsirrai. Amma ingantaccen tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi suna da ikon yin jinkirin sanyi har zuwa -6 digiri.

Dokokin Kulawa

A inji shi ne danshi resistant, ba ya bukatar yawa watering.

Wuce kima a cikin ruwa yana sa gatsaniya daina yin fure. Rashin hasken ma yana da hatsari a gareta.

Itace Gatsaniya a gida

A karkashin yanayi mai kyau, kwando ɗaya zai yi fure uku. Bayan bushewa, dole ne a cire shi don kada ya kawo cikas ga sabon inflorescences. A cikin lokutan girgije, furen yana rufewa.

A ƙasa dole ne sako-sako! A shuka gaskiya da dangantaka da ƙasa mulching, Yana son saman miya. A cikin ƙasa mai m, takin gazania ya zama dole sau ɗaya a wata. Idan ƙasa ta fi talaucewa, to, suna ciyar da sau 2 a wata.

Karin kwari da cututtuka

Furen yana da tsayayya sosai ga ire-iren kwari da cututtuka.. Amma a cikin yanayin mummunan, launin toka na iya lalata shi. Idan hakan ta faru, kuna buƙatar cire tsire-tsire masu lalacewa, kuma ya kamata a kula da waɗanda ke da lafiya tare da phytosporin.

Damagearancin lalacewar gazania ana iya haifar da shi ta hanyar aphids da ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo. Ku yãƙe su da kwari da suka dace.

Tsarin shimfidar wuri

Ana amfani da tsire-tsire a cikin shimfidar wuri mai faɗi. Aiwatar da shi azaman murhun ƙasa da kan iyaka. Yana da tushe sosai tare da sauran dangi, daga duniyar shuka.

Gatsaniya kyakkyawa ce mai kyau da haske ta kowane fure, ko baranda. Tare da kulawa da kyau, kallon zaiyi farinciki har zuwa watan Nuwamba.