Ascocenda (Ascocenda) - wannan kwayoyin, wanda Epiphytes ya wakilta, yana da alaƙa kai tsaye ga dangin orchid. An samo shi ta hanyar tsallake nau'ikan ascocentrum da vanda. A halin yanzu, wannan ya danganta kimanin 1,500 interspecific hybrids (greks).
Tsarin girma na irin wannan shuka yana da monopodial. Yana kafa ganyaye kawai a tsaye. Ya ƙunshi ganyayyaki, na yau da kullun, ganye mai girma. A cikin wannan rubutattun litattafan, har da tsarin tushen, wanda aka rufe shi da isasshen lokacin farin ciki na kayan abu - velamen, akwai wadataccen ruwa wanda shuka ya sha kai tsaye daga iska. Ganye a sifar sa yayi kama da vanda. Dogon faranti mai siffar ganye mai kama da ɗumbin ɗumbin launuwa ana danganta su tare da tsakiyar jijiya. A cikin tukwicinsu akwai siffofin halaye waɗanda ke raba ganyayyaki kansu zuwa zagaye zagaye na lobes daban-daban.
Ana lura da yawo daga kaka zuwa bazara. A wannan lokacin, furen ya bayyana ɗaya, wani lokacin kuma inflorescences na fure mai yawa, wanda ya ƙunshi furanni 12-25 na babban girman isa. Furanni na wannan nau'in orchid ana bambanta shi da waken soya a cikin wani yanayi mai sauƙi, wanda yayi kama da pansies (tare da ƙaramin sifilin kwano), da kuma launi mai cikakken. Furen da kansa za'a iya fenti a launuka masu dumin gaske daga shunayya da ruwan hoda zuwa rawaya da ruwan lemo. Diamita na fure ya dogara da matasan kuma yana iya zama 5-8 santimita.
Ascocide Orchid Kulawa a Gida
Dokokin da ke ƙasa zasu taimaka wajen haɓaka wannan nau'in orchid a gida.
Hanyoyin namo
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don haɓaka ascocendes. Don haka, saboda wannan suna amfani da tukwane, toshe, kwanduna, gilashin gilashi, haka kuma ana iya girma fure kamar su limbo tare da tushen kyauta.
Plantsasa ne kawai tsire-tsire, waɗanda tushen sa har yanzu suna da talauci sosai, suna dacewa da girma a cikin tukwane na fure. Don waɗannan dalilai, tukwane na musamman waɗanda aka yi da filastik amintattu suna da yawa. Dole ne a yi ƙarin ramuka a bangon, har ma da tukunyar tukunya, don haɓaka iskar iska. Kuma don waɗannan dalilai, mai amfani da raga wanda aka tsara don furanni ya dace.
Abun da yakamata yakamata ya canza wannan fure dole ne ya haɗa da sphagnum, guda na itacen bishi ko haushi, kuma dole ne ya kasance yabanya daban-daban. Hakanan a cikin abun da ke ciki na substrate ana iya haɗawa da "kwakwalwan orchid" (ana iya maye gurbinsu tare da kumburin polystyrene) da asalin fern. Har yanzu zaku iya zuba karamin gawayi da yumɓu masu iya ƙaruwa.
Kwararru suna ba da shawarar cike tukunyar ba daidai ba. Don haka, kuna buƙatar yin ƙoƙarin samun mafi girma na haushi a ƙasan tukunya, da kuma ƙarami a saman. Kada ƙaramin farin ƙarfe mai ƙyalƙyali ya kamata a saka a saman dutsen, wanda zai rage daskararren danshi da kuma kariya daga tushen cire bushewa.
Wajibi ne a sanya Ascocene a cikin kwando kamar a tukunya. Don yin wannan, ya kamata ka zaɓi kwandon da aka yi da filastik ko itace mai ƙarfi, wanda zai taimaka wajen guje wa lalata akwati cikin sauri.
Growararrun masu noman abinci suna ba da shawarar yin amfani da toshe don shuka irin wannan orchid. A matsayin irin wannan toshe, ana amfani da wani yanki na disiduous ko na Pine na babban isasshen girman. A saman gabanta, kuna buƙatar gyara fiber na kwakwa, Tushen tushen, har ma da sphagnum. Tushen tsirran da kansa an kafa su a saman irin wannan “matashin kai”, kuma tuni an sanya daskararrun ƙwanƙwasa a saman su. Dole ne a ɗora wannan sashin a tsaye akan fuskar bango.
Haka kuma, ana yin “bishiyar epiphytic”, kodayake, ba dogo sosai ba kuma ana amfani da matsanancin snags anan kamar toshewa.
Ya kamata a lura cewa wani takamammen yanki na haushi ko busasshen itace ya kamata a sauƙaƙe kuma a cire shi da sauri daga bango don shayar da fure.
Hanyar girma a cikin gilashin gilashin atamfa shine ƙara samun karbuwa sosai tsakanin masu fada aji. Ascocentum a cikin irin wannan damar yana haɓaka kuma yana haɓaka da kullun, amma wanda ya isa yayi hankali lokacin sanya tushen tsarin a cikin gilashin fure, tunda ana iya lalata shi sauƙi. Hakanan ya kamata a tuna cewa ɓangaren kore na fure dole ne ya kasance saman gefen gilashin fure. Don guje wa faɗuwar fure a ciki, ya kamata a gyara. Don yin wannan, ana iya ɗaure shi a ɓangarorin biyu tare da sara.
Ascocenum kuma za'a iya rataye shi a bango kawai sai tushen sa zai iya rataye shi kyauta. Wannan hanyar girma ita ce mafi sauki kuma ita ce, a matsayinka na doka, ana amfani da shi a cikin gidajen katako na masana'antu.
Haske
Ba a buƙatar wani matakin haske game da irin wannan shuka ba. Don haka, yana jin daɗin jin dadi duka akan arewa da kudu taga (shading daga faɗuwar rana yana da mahimmanci) fuskantarwa. Amma a nan akwai wani tsari guda ɗaya, wato, haske zai kasance koyaushe ya zama daidai lokacin ba tare da bambance-bambance ba. A cikin lokacin sanyi, dole ne a haskaka shuka da phytolamps, yayin da hasken rana ya kamata ya kasance tsawon lokacin aƙalla awanni 12. Hakanan ana bada shawarar yin amfani da hasken rana a lokacin bazara, idan yanayi yayi matukar girgiza a waje.
Idan akwai haske mai yawa, to ganyen zai zama ja da bushe, idan kuma bai isa ba, to za su sayi launin kore mai duhu.
Yanayin Zazzabi
Tsarin zafin jiki na wannan shuka yana da alaƙa da matakin haske. Haskaka dakin, mafi girman yanayin zafi kana buƙatar haɓaka Ascocene. Don haka, yawan zafin jiki da aka ba da shawarar a cikin rana daga digiri 23 zuwa 27, da dare - daga digiri 16 zuwa 22. Haka kuma, irin wannan yanayin zazzabi ya kamata a kiyaye shi duk shekara.
A cikin hunturu, ya kamata ku yi hankali sosai kuma kada ku ƙyale yawan zazzabi a cikin ɗakin ya kasance ƙasa da digiri 16. A lokacin samun iska, kuna buƙatar kare fure daga rafukan iska mai sanyi.
Yadda ake ruwa
Don shayarwa, ana bada shawara don amfani da hanyar nutse. Akwatin cike da ruwa, sannan fure da kansa ko kuma kwalin da ke tare dashi a hankali a saukar da shi a cikin rabin sa'a. A wannan lokacin, tushen tsarin dole ne lokacin da za a cike da danshi. Ya kamata a tuna cewa velamen rufe Tushen ya kamata a lokaci guda saya kore tint maimakon launin toka-azurfa (a cikin busassun jihar) da kuma ƙara.
Sau nawa kuke buƙatar shayar da wannan orchid yana da dangantaka ta kai tsaye tare da hanyar namo. Lokacin da aka girma a cikin tukunya a cikin abin da ke ciki, ya kamata a biya hankali ga haushi. Bayan ya zama monophonic kuma mai kama da bushe, zai zama dole don ba da ruwa. A cikin kwandon, yaya danshi mai laushi, ana iya duba ta hannu. Kuma a cikin shari'ar farko da ta biyu, shayarwa wajibi ne kawai bayan substrate ya zama bushe gaba ɗaya.
Mafi yawan buƙatar ruwa ana buƙatar shuka wanda aka shuka tare da asalinsu kyauta. A wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar kula da yanayin tushen tsarin. Bayan saman murfin velamen ya ɗan lalace, ya zama dole ruwa. Koyaya, koyaushe tare da wannan hanyar namo, ana buƙatar yawan ruwa a kowace rana.
Don hurawa tare da mai toya, har ma don shayarwa, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar kyakkyawan ruwa, ruwa mai taushi, wanda ya kamata ya kasance da yawan zafin jiki a ɗakin. A yanayin yayin da ake yin amfani da ruwa daga ruwan sha, kafin ya shiga cikin bututun, ana bada shawarar a tace shi.
Haushi
Ana buƙatar zafi mai zafi. Don haka, a cikin rana ya kamata a kiyaye shi a matakin kashi 60 zuwa 80, kuma cikin dare - daga kashi 50 zuwa 60. Don haɓaka zafi, ana bada shawara don amfani da duk hanyoyin da suke akwai. Don haka, zaku iya amfani da janarorin tururi da kuma huda ruwa, da sanyaya kayan girki, sanya kwalin ruwa a buɗe kusa da fure, sannan kuma a zuba daskararren yumbu a cikin kwalin. Amma ya kamata a lura da cewa yana yiwuwa a jika wata shuka daga mai toka kawai tare da iska mai kyau a cikin dakin, saboda ruwa ya kamata ya ƙafe daga sinus na ganye da wuri-wuri. Tare da tsawaita tsawa da tsauraran ruwa, rot na iya kasancewa a cikin ganyayyaki, kuma wannan shine mafi yawan lokuta mutuwar Ascocentum.
Samun iska
Babu dalilin da ya kamata gumi da dumi iska stagnate a cikin dakin. Amma ya kamata a tuna da cewa shuka reacts musamman barnatar da ga zayyana da iska. Sabili da haka, dole ne a cire shi daga taga, kuma an kiyaye shi daga kwararar iska wanda yake zuwa daga fan. Kuma sanya shi a cikin baranda, dole ne a kiyaye shi daga iska mai ƙarfi na iska.
Taki
An bada shawara don ciyar da shuka a lokacin shayarwa. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da takin zamani don orchids, wanda za'a iya siyarwa a shagon fure. Daya bisa uku na shawarar da aka bayar akan kunshin shine shawarar. Sama da maida hankali ne takin, mafi girma tazara tsakanin babban miya dole ne a yi. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, takin mai magani yana yin kowane ruwa 2-4. Idan ana so, madadin saman miya ta tushen da karin tushen-mai yiwuwa ne, yayin da yakamata a yi amfani da mafitsara mai gina jiki don fesawa.
Fasali na karfafawar fure
Duk da rashin daidaituwa na kamantawarsa, domin irin wannan orchid din yana da farfajiya, zai zama tilas a cika wasu ka'idoji. Don haka, lallai ta buƙaci bambanci tsakanin yanayin yau da kullun, yayin da ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin digiri 2-3. A cikin rashin fure, wannan bambancin yana ƙaruwa zuwa digiri 5-7. Hakanan zaka iya tayar da fure ta rage ko kara tsawon lokacin daidaitattun hasken rana (daga 12 zuwa 14 hours) na awanni biyu. Hakanan, don wannan, ana amfani da rage yawan ban ruwa ta sau 1.5-2.
Irin waɗannan hanyoyin ana ɗaukarsu da damuwa. Don dalilai iri ɗaya, zaka iya amfani da kwaskwarimar ƙwarin sunadarai - cytokinins. Koyaya, ya kamata a yi amfani dasu tare da taka tsantsan, saboda wuce gona da iri yana cutar da shuka. Idan wannan ya faru, to, a matsayin mai mulkin, ƙananan ganyayyaki sun fara juyawa kuma suka mutu.
Cututtuka
Mafi yawan cututtuka na yau da kullun marasa amfani da kwayar cuta kamar su iri-iri. A wannan yanayin, maɓallin girma, wuraren da ganye da ƙafafun an haɗe su da harbi, tsarin tushe da tushe suna iya juyawa. Liquid stagnation a cikin substrate, ruwa rushewa, ruwa stagnation a cikin ganye sinuses bayan wetting daga sprayer zai iya haifar da rot.
Idan cin nasarar ba ta da ƙarfi sosai, to kuna buƙatar cire wurin lalata ta hanyar yanke ko yanke su. Kuma don kula da yankin da ya lalace tare da Fundazol ko Benlat. Idan akwai da yawa rot, to ba shi yiwuwa a kawar da shi kuma, a matsayinka na mai mulki, fure ya mutu. An ba da shawarar kada a bada izinin ƙirƙirar rot, lura da duk ka'idodi don kulawa da ascocendum, da kuma bincika daji akai-akai don gano lokaci na cutar.
Karin kwari
Mafi sau da yawa, scabies, da kuma gizo-gizo mites, za su iya tsayawa a kan shuka. Lokacin da aka gano kwari, an shirya ruwan zafi (kusan digiri 45) don shuka. Hakanan ana bada shawarar cire daskararren daga saman furen tare da auduga wanda aka goge shi da maganin da ke da giya. A yayin da waɗannan matakan ba su da tasiri sosai ko kuma wata fure mai kama da yawa, wajibi ne don amfani da shirye-shiryen kwari na ayyukan da ya dace.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Ana iya yada shi ta zuriya da yara. Don haka, yara sun bayyana akan shinge. An bada shawara don rarrabe kawai babban jariri, mai yiwuwa tare da tsarin tushen. Amma domin jariri ya girma daga toho na fure, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana buƙatar magani tare da wakili mai guba na musamman. Dangane da wannan, ba zai yiwu ku sami sa'a ba ku ɗauki ɗan Ascocentum daga wanda kuka sani.
Wannan fure za'a iya yada shi ta hanyar tsaba kawai daga masu goyon baya ko kwararru. Yadda za a yi wannan za a iya samu a cikin wallafe-wallafen. Amma a lokaci guda yana da daraja tunawa cewa daga lokacin pollination zuwa seedling dasa, a matsayin mai mulkin, shekaru 2 shude.
