Da zaran masu lambu da masu warkarwa ba sa kiran mai-ido - zesulka, itacen oak, ciyawa mai cike da lokaci. Eyebright ya zama sananne da farko saboda tasirin warkarwarsa a cikin cututtukan idanu da yawa. Amma kyautar kayan kwalliyar ta ta cancanci sosai.
Ba daidai ba “daisies”, wanda bayan an kusa bincika ya juya ya zama ba kwanduna kwata-kwata, amma kyawawan furanni tare da soso da aka sassaka, ciyayi da aka saba da su da kuma kyawawan furanni masu dumbin yawa suna da daɗi. A cikin ɓoye da sararin samaniya mai haske tare da wannan al'ada na iya gasa tare da aquilegia. Kuma ko da ido-cat flyer ne, ba zai zama wata alama ta superfluous a cikin kowane abun da ke ciki na salon a cikin kamfanin tare da ɗaruruwan gandun lambu.
Gwanin ido (Euphrasia). Arian marianneFiye da tsire-tsire na magani kawai
GiraEuphrasia) a ra'ayoyi da yawa baza a iya kiranta ciyawa ta shekara-shekara ba. Wannan tsire-tsire ana samo shi a cikin yanayi kawai a cikin mafi yawan wurare marasa amfani tare da ƙasa mara kyau - rafin yashi, rami, yankuna masu ban sha'awa da dunes. Wannan al'ada tana da ban sha'awa, girmamawa kuma kyakkyawa ce. Kuma lalle shimfidar wuri. Bayan duk wannan, an kirkiro mai-ido ne don abubuwan da aka tsara a yanayin salon. Ita ko da a cikin lambu alama kadan daji, Abin mamaki ba a sake suna.
Eyebright suna ƙirar squat mai matsakaici, bai wuce 10-30 cm ba tsayi .. Amma suna da sauƙi, kuma ganye suna cikin irin wannan ɗimbin yawa wanda ƙaramin girman ke da cikakkiyar lada ta kyau na labulen. Ganyayyaki suna nan akasin haka, a peculiar daure, whorls, ƙanana, tare da serrated baki.
Inflorescences na eyebright suna da hadaddun tsari, amma suna da kyau sosai. Smallarami, kusan har zuwa 5 mm furanni suna nasara tare da siffar asymmetric tare da babban lebe, an yi wa ado da yanke mai zurfi. Daga nesa, da alama kamar lobes kusa da gadaje na fure sune fure mai bakin ciki. Amma idan anyi bincike kusa, akwai ƙungiyoyi masu yawa tare da orchids, snapdragons, nemesia fiye da na “sauisies” mai sauƙi. M furanni suna tattara a sako-sako da inflorescences, goge, da wuya Bloom kadai. Duk da matsakaicin girman duka furanni da shuka kanta, sakamakon haske, haske mai kyan gani a cikin lambun yana da cikakken rama su. Bayan haka, ƙwallon ido kamar an rufe shi da wasu taurari masu walƙiya, mai walƙiya.
Gwanin ido (Euphrasia). © Paola BattagliaTsarin launi na eyebright ba ya hada da zaɓuɓɓukan launuka masu yawa. Dankin dusar ƙanƙara-fari ko m lilac - shi ke nan iri-iri ne. Amma wannan baya nufin cewa wasan kwaikwayon na da ban sha'awa: a cikin launuka masu haske na wannan al'ada akwai wani abu mai sihiri, abin ƙyama da na musamman. Kuma bakin ciki jijiyoyin a kan petals kawai jaddada da ingancin furanni.
Fulawa da ganin ido na farawa ne a ƙarshen watan Yuni, daidai lokacin da damina ta baiyana yanayin halayyar sa. Yana wuce tsawon lokacin bazara mafi kyau - har sai lokacin sanyi na farko. A tsawon watanni lokacin da furanni daban-daban ba tare da bata lokaci ba suka mamaye bangon duhu, zaku iya samun cikakkiyar farin ciki, kyakyawar kyawun ido.
Iri da maki na eyelet
Duk da gaskiyar cewa sama da nau'ikan tsire-tsire 240 suna haɗuwa a cikin asalin halittar gashin ido, shuka guda ɗaya kawai ke girma don likita, masana'antu da dalilai na kayan ado - ƙwallon ido (euphrasia officinalis), bisa ga ka'idojin Botanical na zamani da aka kasafta azaman buɗe ido-ƙaramin ƙarami (euphrasia parviflora) Wani lokaci akan siyarwa zaku iya samun sama da rabin-mitt madaidaiciya ido (euphrasia stricta), amma wannan tsire-tsire mai wuya yana da irin wannan daidaito - maimakon banda: kusan dukkanin siffofin al'adu ana rarraba su a ƙarƙashin sunan da aka saba amfani da shi na ido na likita. Ba za ku sami kowane nau'in tabarau na siyar ba, amma har ma da ɗan bambanci a cikin halayen ƙasa na iya haifar da canji, bambancin launi.
Idon karami ne, ko kuma ido na magani ne (Euphrasia micrantha, syn. Euphrasia officinalis). © Jean-Paul LesageA tsarin kirkirar lambu, ana amfani da eyebright:
- don adon tsaunuka da tsaunukan dutse;
- don ƙirƙirar filayen rukuni masu ban sha'awa a cikin yanayin shimfidar wuri;
- a cikin kayan kwalliya da kuma adon kayan kwalliya, lawns, kayan kwalliyar kasa;
- a yin kwaikwayon abubuwan halitta na halitta kusa da tafkunan da wuraren nishaɗi.
Yin amfani da gashin ido a cikin shimfidar wuri yana da iyakancewar girma: wannan tsire-tsire yana da iko na musamman don amfani da kofunawar tsotsa a kan tushen domin karɓar ruwa da abubuwan abinci daga wasu tsirrai. A zahiri, eyebright shine rabin-parasitic, sabili da haka ba'a dasa shi kusa da perennials kuma musamman ciyawa na hatsi. An sanya eyebright a cikin manyan rukuni, a wasu nesa daga maƙwabta, wani lokacin ma iyakance ta hanyar shinge na musamman da aka haƙa a cikin ƙasa. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ɗalibin ya dace sosai ga lambun dutsen: a can, kewaye da duwatsun, yana da wahala mata ta kai maƙwabta tare da tushenta.
Mafi kyawun abokan aiki don eyebright: filin da tsire-tsire daji, amfanin gona wuri mai faɗi
Girma "ciyawa mai cikakken lokaci"
Zaɓi wani wuri mai daɗi don kallon ido yana da sauƙi. Wannan littafin na wannan shekara bai yarda da abu ɗaya ba - m kasa da tururuwar ruwa, shading mai tsanani. Idan ka sauke ƙwallon ido a kan rijiyar da take da wuri ko kuma ɗan ƙaramin inuwa, zai gamsar da ido a kan kowane ƙasa, har ma da ingancinsa. Soilasasshen ƙasa don wannan tsire-tsire ba a so: nemi sasanninta na gonar tare da ƙasa mai ƙima. Tana ƙaunar yashi da yumɓun yumɓu, zai fi dacewa da amsawar acid.
Kushin ido tare da furanni masu rawaya (Euphrasia nankotaizanensis). © Bahamut ChaoKulawar ido
Ruwan ido ba ya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman da kulawa koyaushe. Wannan inji mai Hardy, yana iya girma da kansa. Amma don sanya shi kyakkyawa, wasu lamura har yanzu dole ne a kula dasu.
Tun da yake an dasa euphrasia a wasu nesa daga wasu tsire-tsire, kuma ita kanta ba za ta rufe ƙasa gaba ɗaya ba, da farko, kar a manta game da weeding. Sau da yawa babu buƙatar tsabtace ƙasa a ƙarƙashin shuka: kawai cire manyan ciyayi sau 2-3 a kakar. Kar a cire "wasan": ɗalibin da kansa zai iya jimre da su ta hanyar fitar da danshi da abubuwan gina jiki. Hanya guda daya da za'a 'yantar da ginshiƙi daga zirin shine don ciyawa. Ruwan kwayar ido yana ɗaukar ƙura ta kayan ado, amma ciyawar da ta saba zama cikakke ce. Kawai yayyafa shi ta irin wannan hanyar don ƙirƙirar kyakkyawan tsari mai kyau, mai tsabta, amma ba a kawar da ciyawar gaba ɗaya ba: ba tare da su ba, euphrasia za ta haɓaka sosai sosai (tana buƙatar shan kan wasu tsire-tsire!).
Rage gashin ido ba zai zama nauyi ba. Bayan haka, za su buƙaci ta wurin mai ɗaukar ido (kamar kowane shuka ornamental tare da matsayin Hardy) kawai a cikin fari fari da zafi na musamman. Amma yin wahalar wahalar kira mai mahimmanci: ƙyamar ido na iya tafiya ba tare da danshi na dogon lokaci.
Abin da hakika wannan flyer ɗin baya buƙata shine miya babba. Don tsinkaye, ko da kankantar ƙasa, ba su taɓa shigo da takin gargajiya ko ma'adinai ba.
Oak itacen ort (Euphrasia nemorosa). Green Peter GreenwoodKwaro da Cututtuka
Kamar kowane ganye na ganyayyaki, ciyawar lambu daga tsakanin tsire-tsire masu magani, ana kuma bambanta gashin ido ta juriya da juriya. A cikin al'adun gargajiyar, abu ɗaya ne kawai ke barazanar ta - aphids. Tana ƙaunar wannan shuka kuma da sauri ta yada ta. Yana da wuya a magance aphids a kan ido, fesawa da kwari ba koyaushe ke ba da sakamakon ba (kuma ba ya barin shirya kayan albarkatun don ciyawar ciyawa) kuma wani lokacin yana da sauƙin lalata seedlings.
Halittar Euphorbia
Wannan bazara za a iya yada shi ta zuriya. Ba kamar tsire-tsire da yawa ba, gashin ido yana buƙatar a shuka shi ba don shuka ba, amma a cikin ƙasa kaɗai. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa wannan al'ada, duk da haƙurinsa, ba zai yarda da ɗaukar hoto ba. Hanya daya tilo da za a bunkasa ita ce shuka shi kai tsaye a cikin wurin dindindin. Ko da kun shuka seedlings, cikakken tanadin ƙamshin dunƙulen a cikin tukwane na peat, tsire-tsire za su yi fure a lokaci guda kamar waɗanda aka shuka a cikin ƙasa. Haka ne, kuma ba da hanya a gare su da yawa na fure.
Idon ya yi daidai, ko ido yayi ido, ko ido ya kafe, ko kuma ido ya baci (Euphrasia stricta). Mariya AAkwai zaɓuɓɓukan shuka guda biyu don gashin ido:
- lokacin hunturu, wanda ake yi a ƙarshen kaka;
- lokacin bazara, wanda ake yi a watan Afrilu-Mayu.
Zaɓin farko don wannan shuka an fi so, saboda yana ba ku damar samun ƙarfi da farkon farkon bushes. Amfanin gona yana buƙatar nuna alama, saboda ƙananan yara veryan makaranta suna ƙanana kaɗan kuma ana iya rasa cikin saurin lalacewa tsakanin wasu tsirrai (har ma yana da sauƙin rikitar da su da ciyawar)
Abun idanu na eyebright an shuka shi babu makawa, kawai 0.5 cm, kadan an rufe shi da ƙasa kuma nan da nan yana shayar (amma moistening na amfanin gona kada ta kasance yalwatacce). Zasu iya shuka lokacin kawai da samun haske, don haka shuka mai zurfi bazai kawo wani sakamako ba.
