Idan a baya cututtukan fungal na inabõbi ba su yawan ambaci kansu, yanzu wannan matsalar tana ƙara zama mahimmanci. Ofaya daga cikin abin da aka fi yawan shi ne cutar innabi oidium, wanda ke shafar yawan tsire-tsire a duk yankuna na ƙasar, yana haifar da matsala ga masu shayar giya.
Menene oidium?
Oidium shine cutar cututtukan fata da aka fi sani, wanda ke da wasu sunaye - ƙurar ashtray ko mildew powdery. Kwayar cutar ta rayuwa na rayuwa ne da takamammen kyallen takarda. Powdery mildew yana sa itacen innabi bai dace da amfani ba kuma don samar da giya daga wurinsu.
Babban annobar oidium tana faruwa ne bayan sanyi lokacin sanyi (zazzabi kada ya faɗi ƙasa -30 ° C). Cututtukan cuta na ci gaba a ƙarƙashin ƙimar idanun, kuma lokacin da zafin jiki ya hau zuwa + 18 ° C ... + 25 ° C, sai su fara yin shuka. Yana inganta cigaban naman gwari da danshi mai zafi. Amma ruwan sama na iya ragewa sosai, kuma a wasu yanayi, dakatar da yaduwarsa.
Don rage damar kamuwa da cuta a cikin inabi, ya zama dole don zaɓar nau'ikan da suke da tsayayyen juriya game da cutar, cire harbe da yawa, yanke sassan cututtukan tsire-tsire kuma ƙone su. Karka yi amfani da takin mai magani tare da wuce haddi na nitrogen.
Alamomin cutar
Bayyanar cututtukan oidium, waɗanda ke bayyana a lokuta daban-daban na shekara, sun bambanta.
A cikin bazara, alamu masu zuwa suna bayyana:
- Yellowing na matasa harbe da ganye ganye rufe da datti farin shafi, kama da gari.
- A gefuna a kan ganye bushe kuma tanƙwara.
- A karkashin wani farin shafi mai launin ruwan kasa harbe launin ruwan kasa ya fara bayyana. Idan ka yi kokarin shafe plaque, to warin kifin da ya lalace ya bayyana.
- Tare da mummunan shan kashi, ci gaban harbe ya rikice, kuma kyallen su fara mutuwa.
A lokacin rani, waɗannan alamun suna da bambanci kaɗan:
- Furanni da wasu gungu sun bushe, saiwoyin ganye suka zama mara ƙarƙo.
- Yayin da suke girma, matasa matasa suna zama a rufe da duhu duhu, daga baya kuma tsarin saiti ya bayyana akansu kuma an gwada shi.
- A berries fara crack da rot. Ci gaban cutar a kansu na iya ci gaba har zuwa girbi.
Yin rigakafin Cuta da Kulawa
Idan an gano mildew foda a kan inabi - yadda za'a magance shi ya zama batun gaggawa. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa da zaka iya kawar da wannan cuta ta fungal.
Amfani da shirye-shiryen sulfur da sulfur
Kasancewa a cikin nau'in watsawa, sulfur yana da amfani sosai ta hanyar naman gwari, inda ya juya zuwa hydrogen sulfide, wanda yake kashe shi. Zai fi dacewa a kula da Sulfur da safe ko maraice, saboda tare da matsanancin zafi, ƙonewa na iya faruwa akan ganye da 'ya'yan itatuwa. Ana maimaita aikin kowane kwana 10-20. Don rigakafin, wajibi ne don narke gram 25-40 na sulfur a cikin lita 10 na ruwa, kuma don magani 80-100 grams.
Kafin fesa inabi, ya kamata mutum yayi la’akari da cewa baƙon sulfur yana da tasiri kawai a yanayin zafi sama da + 20 ° С, a ƙananan yanayin zafi ba shi da tasiri. Idan zazzabi ya faɗi ƙasa, to ya kamata a kula da shi tare da sullar colloidal ko ɗayan shirye-shiryen sulfur.
Saduwa da magunguna na tsari
Kada kuyi amfani da sunadarai lokacin gir. Sabili da haka, ana amfani da maganin potassium permanganate don jinkirta ci gaban cutar. Don neman magani, shirye-shirye masu rikitarwa waɗanda aka ba da izinin amfani da su yayin farfadowa sun fi dacewa.
Hanyoyin ilimin halitta akan oidium
Mafi sauƙin amfani da duk hanyoyin shine don shirya microflora mai ɗorewa daga humus a bazara. Ana yin ta ta hanyar: an cika uku na ganga mai lita ɗari tare da humus kuma an zuba shi da ruwa mai zafi zuwa 25 ° C, sannan an rufe shi da burlap kuma jiran kwanaki 6 a cikin zafi, yana motsawa akai-akai.
Iri da sakamakon abu ta hanyar cheesecloth da kuma zuba a cikin sprayer. A lokacin prophylaxis, ana yayyafa shi a kan ganyen innabi mai fure. Wannan aikin ya samo asali ne daga shigarwar microflora karkashin sikelin kodan da kuma hulɗarta da ƙwayoyin fungal, waɗanda sune abubuwan gina jiki gareshi. Ana aiwatar da aiki a ranar girgije ko da yamma.
Sake sarrafawa ya kamata a yi bayan kwana bakwai, kuma da ƙari - kafin a yi fure. Tare da haɓaka mai ƙarfi na kamuwa da cuta, a ƙarshen fure, ya wajaba don aiwatar da shuka sau da yawa tare da tazara na mako guda.
Hanyoyin kariya na jama'a
- A lokacin rana, nace rabin guga na ash a cikin lita bakwai na ruwa. Kafin aiwatarwa, ya kamata a gauraya shi da ruwa a cikin rabo 1: 1 kuma ƙara 10 grams na sabulu kore. Tare da rashin lokaci, za a iya tafasa ash na minti 20.
- Zuba bambaro a cikin rabo na 1: 3 tare da bambaro ko ciyawar sabo. Nace tsawon kwana uku. Tsarma tare da ƙarin sassa uku na ruwa da magani a maraice don kowane lokaci.
