Lily na kwari

Lily na kwari (Convallaria) shine oligotypic ko monotypic (wanda ya haɗa da ƙaramin nau'in halitta) asalin, wanda yake shine dangin bishiyar asparagus. Kwanan nan, wannan asalin wani ɓangare ne na dangin lily, kuma an bambanta shi cikin wannan nau'in lily na iyalin kwari. Karl Linney ya ba da wannan fure ta Latin sunan Lilium convallium, wanda ke nufin "Lily na kwari". Ana tsammanin sunan "Lily na kwari" ya zo Rasha daga yaren Yaren mutanen Poland, wannan shuka ana kuma kiranta haɓakar matasa, mayafin, girma matasa, da kuma masu cutar. A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, ana iya samun irin wannan fure a Asiya, Turai da Arewacin Amurka, kuma anfi son yin girma a cikin gandun daji na itacen oak, haka kuma a cikin bishiyoyi, gauraye ko gandun daji. An shuka wannan tsiron ne tun karni na 16. Akwai biranen Faransa inda ake yin lily na bikin kwarin a ranar Lahadi ta farko ta Mayu. Wannan tsire-tsire yana da kaddarorin magani waɗanda ake amfani da su a cikin gargajiya da madadin magani. Wannan shuka kuma ana amfani dashi sosai a masana'antar ƙanshin.

Fasali na Lily na kwari

Ana ganin Lily na kwarin a cikin Mayu da Yuni, kuma yana da kusan rabin wata. Shrubs suna ƙasa da santimita 20-25. Creeping rhizome ya zama na bakin ciki isa, kuma babban adadin suna da tsarin fibrous. Afaƙƙarfan Nam ɗin zai yi girma daga 1 zuwa 3. Suna da fa'ida sosai kuma suna da siffar ƙazantaccen abu, har zuwa ƙarshen kwanakin Yuli suna da launin koren launi mai zurfi, bayan wannan sai su juya rawaya su mutu. Furen yana girma daga toho na fure, a sashi na sama yana da sashin layi uku. Kuma peduncle ya juya a karkace. M furanni masu dusar ƙanƙara mai launin fari sune ɓangare na tseren tsere na 8-12 guda. Furanni suna kama da ƙananan karrarawa, waɗanda ke da faɗin cm cm da tsawon 0.4 cm, kazalika da gajeren zango. Lokacin da furanni ya fara ƙarewa, inflorescence zai zama duhu kuma an kafa gidan kwai, wanda berries ne mai hawa uku. A cikin irin waɗannan 'ya'yan itatuwa suna daga tsaba 3 zuwa 6. Tsaba, kamar sauran sassan itaciyar kwari, suna da guba.

Shuka Lily na kwari a cikin lambu

Furen furannin kwari shine tsire-tsire masu ƙaunar inuwa, kuma an jera su a cikin Littafin Layi. Very m ba kawai dusar ƙanƙara fari-fure, har ma duhu kore wajen ganye. Wannan fure ana bada shawara a dasa shi kusa da Lungwort, anemones, ferns da aquilegia. Lilies na kwari suna halin haɓaka mai sauri, kuma sun sami damar kawar da sauran tsirrai daga wurin. Haka suka fito a cikin bouquets na prefabricated, gaskiyar ita ce duk wani fure a cikin kusancin furannin furanni da sauri bushe. Ka tuna, guba tana cikin duk sassan jikin ruwan kwarin, don haka kuna buƙatar aiki tare da shi sosai.

Shuka furannin itaciya na kwari da aikin lambu

Wani lokaci zuwa ƙasa

Saukowa daga fure na kwari a cikin ƙasa bude ya kamata a yi a cikin fall, wato, daga farkon kwanakin Satumba zuwa Nuwamba. An ba da shawarar a dasa su a ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi ko bishiyoyi, saboda suna jin daɗin mafi kyawun wurin da aka rufe inda danshi daga ƙasa ba ya ƙaura da sauri. Koyaya, lokacin zabar wurin dasa shuki furannin kwarin, ya kamata a ɗauka a zuciya cewa har yanzu suna buƙatar hasken rana, tun da ba tare da fure ba zai fara. Kuma ya kamata ku tuna cewa irin wannan tsire-tsire ya kamata a kiyaye shi daga iska mai ƙarfi na iska. Asan da ta dace ya kamata ya zama mai laushi, mai arziki a cikin kwayoyin halitta, tsaka tsaki ko ɗan acidic. Idan ƙasa ta wuce gona da iri, to, don gyara shi, ya zama dole don ƙara 200 zuwa 300 na lemun tsami, kilo 10 na takin peat ko humus, har ma da taki: 40 grams na sulfate don zurfin tono ta 1 mitir 1 potassium da 100 grams na superphosphate. Haka kuma, yakamata ayi shiri kasar gaba. Don haka, idan sauko da furannin fure na kwarin zai faru a cikin kaka, to, shirya musu maƙarƙashiya a bazara.

Autar saukowa

Dasa irin wannan tsire-tsire ana yin su ne a cikin layuka a cikin shirye-shiryen tsagi. Tsakanin bushes ɗin, dole ne a lura da nisa na santimita 10, kuma ragon hanyoyin ya zama faɗin santimita 20 zuwa 25. Idan kana son girma furannin kwarin daga zuriya, to ya kamata ka yi la’akari da cewa suna da ƙarancin germination, kuma irin waɗannan furanni suna girma na ɗan lokaci kaɗan. Game da wannan, gardenersan lambu masu gogewa sun gwammace su yaɗa irin wannan shuka ta hanyar rarraba rhizome. Ya kamata a tuna cewa kowane delenka yakamata ya sami fure, wani ɓangare na rhizome da tushen asalin sa. Mutane daya-daya na fure suna da toho na fure, kuma ana iya ganin furannin su a gaba mai zuwa. Irin wannan kwaro ya kamata ya zama ɗan biri da ke da kewayon akalla aƙalla 6 mm. Wadancan harbewan da basu da irin wannan babban diamita da kuma nuna alamar zasu iya bada ganye kawai na shekara mai zuwa. Tsarin yakamata ya zama mai zurfi, wanda ya sa ya kamata a sanya tushen furen lilin na kwari a tsaye a cikinsu, yayin da yakamata a binne ciyawar a cikin ƙasa ta 10-20 mm. A cikin taron da kuka shuka furanni a cikin busasshiyar ƙasa, kuna buƙatar samar da yawan shayarwa. Bayan fara sanyi na farko, kuna buƙatar mulmulan shafin. Wannan matakin zai kare matasa furanni daga daskarewa idan ba yawan dusar ƙanƙara da dama a cikin hunturu ba. Kada a dasa shi da irin wannan fure na tsawon shekaru 5.

Lokacin dasa ruwa

Hakanan zaka iya dasa irin wannan fure a cikin bazara, amma a wannan shekara babu shakka bazai jira fure ba, kamar yadda tsire-tsire zasu ji rauni. Koyaya, idan a cikin lokacin kaka ka shirya mãkirci na furanni, kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama, kuma tare da farkon lokacin bazara, tono shi, to zai zama mafi sauƙi ga matasa harbe don daidaita da sabon wuri. Ko da dasa fure furannin kwarin ana bada shawarar a cikin bazara da dare don rufewa da lutrasil ko fim, wanda zai ba su damar sha wahala daga sanyi.

Yadda za a kula da furannin kwarin

Irin waɗannan tsire-tsire suna samun damar kula da kansu da kansu. Tabbacin wannan shi ne cewa za su iya kawar da duk wata shuka daga fure. Amma ga mai kyau lambu wannan ba zai isa ba, tunda duk furanninta yakamata su kasance da ƙyalli da kyan gani. A wannan batun, furannin kwarin ma zasu buƙaci wasu kulawa. Lokacin da yake da zafi a waje, yana da mahimmanci ruwa irin wannan furanni, ya kamata a tuna cewa ƙasa akan shafin yanar gizon koyaushe yana da danshi. Hakanan, sassauta kasar gona a kan shafin kuma cire ciyawa ciyawa. Hakanan, lily na kwari zai yi godiya idan kun ciyar dashi da takin gargajiya (humus ko taki mai ruɓa). Irin wannan tsire-tsire na iya yin rashin lafiya tare da kayan lambu na launin toka, wanda za'a iya lalata ta hanyar kula da daji tare da maganin kashe guba. Idan furanni suka kamu da cutar nematode, to lallai za a buƙaci su haƙa su kuma lalace. A wannan batun, yana da matukar muhimmanci a cire sako a kan kari a cikin yankin tare da furannin kwarin.

Furen furanni na kwari bayan fure

Fulawar furannin kwarin na kwari suna ƙarewa a farkon lokacin bazara, amma ko da bayan hakan sun sami damar yin ado da yankin gonar tare da ganyaye mai ban sha'awa na dogon lokaci. Don irin waɗannan furanni kada su “cinye” duk sababbin yankuna, yankin da suke girma ya kamata a ɗaure shi da zanen gado, yayin da suke buƙatar binne su a cikin ƙasa da 0.4 m. A cikin kaka, zaku iya fara juyar da waɗannan furanni, idan akwai irin wannan bukata. Idan ba a can ba, to, kawai ku tafi da kasuwancinku, kamar yadda furannin kwari suke da sanyi sosai kuma basa buƙatar tsari. Bayan murfin dusar ƙanƙara ya narke a cikin bazara, zai zama dole don cire tsohuwar ganye daga wurin da lilin na kwari ya girma, dauke da makamai don rake. Ba da daɗewa ba farkon harbe zai bayyana.

Shin lily na kwari yana da haɗari?

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, ana samun abubuwa masu guba a cikin dukkanin sassan jikin ruwan kwarin. A wannan batun, aiki tare da irin wannan tsire-tsire ya kamata a sawa tare da safofin hannu. Ya kamata kuma ka gaya wa yara cewa ja berries girma a kan irin wannan fure, da kuma kyawawan ganye, bai kamata a tsince kuma ci. Hakanan ku tuna cewa bai kamata kuyi ƙoƙarin dafa kowane magungunan jama'a daga irin wannan shuka akan kanku ba kuma amfani da su. Hakanan kuna buƙatar yin hankali sosai da magungunan da aka sayar a cikin kantin magani kuma sun haɗa da lily na cire kwarin. Zaka iya amfani dasu kawai kamar yadda likitanka ya umarta dasu, kuma a lokaci guda tsananin bin sashi ɗinda shawarar da shi ta baka.

Nau'in furanni na kwarin tare da hoto

Wasu masana sun yi imanin cewa Lily na kwari kwalliya ce ta asali, kuma sun bambanta da guda daya kacal - Lily na kwari. Suna la'akari da wasu nau'in a matsayin nau'in Lily na kwari a watan Mayu. Sakamakon wannan, za a ba da kwatanci a ƙasa na nau'in halittar da irin wannan shuka.

May lily of rafin (Convallaria majalis)

A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, ana iya haɗuwa da shi a cikin yanayin zafi na Arewacin Hemisphere. A inflorescence ne mai wuya goga a kan wanda is located daga 6 zuwa 20 furanni tare da fairly dogon pedicels. Za'a iya fentin furanni masu launin fure mai haske a cikin ruwan hoda mai haske ko fari, hakoransu sun lanƙwasa. Lamburan lambun:

Grandiflora - yana da manyan furanni;
Proliferans - furanni masu launin fari suna da fararen launi;
Variegata - akwai rawaya rawaya akan faranti na ganye.

Lily na kwarin Keiske (Convallaria keiskei)

A dabi'a, zaku iya haduwa a tsibirin Kuril, a Japan, a Arewacin China, a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Koriya. Ya fi son wannan nau'in ya girma a cikin ciyawar makiyaya, gandun daji da kuma yankin taiga. Ba kamar jinsin da ya gabata ba, yana da manyan furanni, kuma yana da bambanci da ba a fara fure ba. Anyi ado dasu galibi tare da murabba'ai da wuraren shakatawa, kuma ana amfani dasu don distillation a cikin tukwane.

Lily Mountain na kwari (Convallaria montana)

A cikin daji, ana iya samun wannan shuka a tsakiyar dutsen tuddai na Kudancin Amurka. Idan aka kwatanta da Mayu na Lily na kwari, irin wannan shuka yana da ƙananan ganye da kuma furanni masu kararrawa da yawa.