Heliamphora mai farautar tsire-tsire yana yin shuka Daga haɓaka da barin gida a cikin Repasar haihuwa

Heliamphora yana girma daga tsaba a gida

Heliamphora (Heliamphora) yana cikin sifofin halittar ƙananan kwari na dangin Sarracenius. Suna da matukar muhimmanci ga tsaunin Guiana (ƙasar Venezuela), inda suke zaune a tsawan mil 1000-3000 sama da matakin teku. Yanayin sanyi na yankin bai dace da wadatar ciyawar ba. Theasassun ƙasa na tsaunukan ya sanya ya zama dole don samun abinci mai gina jiki a cikin sabon yanayi: tarkuna na musamman don ciyar da kwari.

Sunan shuka a cikin Latin yana nufin "hasken rana amphora." Hakanan, ana kiran shuka da "jug na rana" - yayin da inji ya sami haske, launuka za su dada haske.

Yadda akeamphora yake farauta

An tattara faranti na ganye tare da bututu; Ana bayar da ganyen jug tare da buɗewa (rata a wani matakin takarda) don matse ruwa mai yawa. Lidaramin murfi da ake kira da cokali nectar an rufe shi da gland wanda yake ɓoye nectar. Maanshinta yana jan kwari. Samfurin ya narke cikin ruwa, kwayoyin da ke ciki sun taimaka wa narkewar abinci. Abikan Heliamphora tatei (Heliamphora tatei) ne kawai yake fitar da enzymes na narkewa.

Tsawon ganyayyaki ya kai kimanin cm 40. A cikin haske mai haske, sun samo kwatancin launin shuɗi a ɓangaren sama. Lokacin da suka yi girma a ɗaka, galibi suna da launi mai launi iri ɗaya tare da gudana mai launin shuɗi.

Rushe tsarin tsabtace muhalli yana haifar da raguwar adadin waɗannan tsirrai masu ban mamaki. Me zai hana a gwada girma irin wannan yanayin cikin yanayin gida.

Harshen heliamphora

Yadda blooms heliamphora hoto

Itatuwan fure-fure mai tsawo, mai falala. Aka watsasu tare da bangaren farfajiyar, ana yin sintirin kararrawa masu fasali. Sun ƙunshi ƙananan furanni 4-6, na iya zama fari, cream ko ruwan hoda.

Girma heliamphora daga tsaba

Heliamphora tsaba hoto

Heliamphora tsaba suna girma a cikin peat. An riga an daidaita su (riƙe su a ɓangaren kayan lambu na firiji don watanni 1-2). Cika kwantena mai lebur tare da ƙasa, sanyaya, rarraba tsaba a farfajiya.

Heliamphora daga zuriyar hoto ya tsiro

Don ƙirƙirar yanayi tare da babban zafi, rufe amfanin gona da gilashi ko kunsa su tare da fim ɗin cling.
Don wannan dalili, nan da nan za ku iya shuka a cikin jita-jita na Petri ko kwantena filastik tare da murfi.
Kada ku manta game da iska yau da kullun.
Kula da yawan zafin jiki na 23-25 ° C kuma samar da haske amma bazuwar hasken.
A kasar gona ya kamata kullum dan kadan m.
Bayan fitowar sprouts, sannu a hankali kun san kanku ga rayuwa ba tare da mafaka ba.
Lokacin da heliamphors suka girma, dasa su a cikin tukwane dabam.

Yaduwa da heliamphora ta hanyar rarraba daji

Yadda za a raba hoton daji na heliamphora

Mafi yawancin lokuta, ana amfani da yaduwar ciyayi, a matsayin mafi sauki da sauri.

Heliamphora yana yaduwa ta hanyar matakan basal (rarrabuwa na daji) kuma ta hanyar tushen ganyen ganye. Dukkanin motsa jiki ana yin su ne a lokacin bazara (kamar a watan Afrilu). Don tushen, raba ganyayen masara na 2-3, nan da nan shuka a cikin tukunya dabam tare da ƙasa don shuka mai girma. Sama da tulu ko kuma kwalban filastik mai ruɓi don ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau. Cire murfin gaba daya lokacin da ganye yayi girma. Game da samun iska, hasken wuta da zafin jiki, bi shawarwari iri iri kamar yadda ake shuka tsaba.

Delenka heliamphora hoto

Rarraba daji yana hade da juyawa, tunda shuka ba yawanci zai dame shi da irin wannan jan - tushen tsarin ba shi da kyau kuma rarrabe kansa yana buƙatar faɗaɗa daji. Delenki zauna a kan kwantena daban, suna ɗaukar tushe ba tare da samar da tasirin hayaƙi ba.

Yadda ake kulawa da heliamphora a gida

Haske

Heliamphora yana buƙatar haske mai haske - baya jin tsoron hasken rana kai tsaye. Jin kyauta don nunawa a kan windowsill na kudu. Abi'u masu tsayi kawai suna buƙatar haske mai haske daga zafin rana a cikin zafin rana (isasshen inuwar labulen tulle). Yakamata hasken rana ya zama awa 10 a rana. A cikin yanayin hadari da lokacin hutu, za a iya amfani da fitilar wucin gadi (don wannan, fitolamps ko fitilun fitila). Ana nuna isasshen hasken ta launi mai haske na ganye.

Zazzabi

Don tsire-tsire, tsarin zafin jiki yana da dadi a tsakanin 15-25 ° C. A lokaci guda, jinsunan “tsaunin” suna buƙatar zazzabi mai sanyaya, yayin da ƙananan "ƙasa" suke da zafi. Babu ɗayan ɗayan ko ɗayan ba ya jin tsoron canje-canjen zazzabi mai mahimmanci kuma ba za su sha wahala daga daftarin ba. Canza yanayin zafin yau da kullun na kusan 5 ° C.

Watering da zafi

A lokacin dumi, ana buƙatar yawan ruwa (kusan kowace rana), saman ƙasa koyaushe ya zama mai laushi. A cikin lokacin daga Oktoba zuwa Maris, rage yawan shayarwa - a tare tare da raguwa a cikin zafin jiki, ana rage yawan ruwa zuwa sau 1 a mako. Ban ruwa na buƙatar tsabtace ruwa mai laushi (distilled, narke ko ruwan sama).

Don kula da babban matakin zafi, heliamphora mafi yawanci ana girma a cikin florariums. Lokacin girma a cikin tukunya, ana kiyaye danshi a wasu hanyoyi: fesa sarari a kewayen shuka, a lokaci-lokaci ana saka pallet tare da gansakken rigar, yumbu ko ƙyallen dutse, yi amfani da huhun iska.

Manyan miya

Shuka ba ta buƙatar miya ta gargajiya. A cikin dumin yanayi, ɗauki raga zuwa iska mai kyau don “farauta” ta ɗabi'a.

Lokacin hutawa

Shuka ba ta da lokacin da za'a iya faɗi - jug na fadama yana girma kuma yana haɓaka duk shekara. Amma daga Oktoba ya fi kyau rage ƙananan zafin jiki da rage ruwa.

Yadda ake canza wurin heliamphora

Yadda ake watsa hoton heliaphore

Zamu iya cewa shuka baya bukatar dasawa. Maimakon haka, ana yin shi ne don asalin haifuwa ta hanyar rarraba daji. Yi shi kusan lokaci 1 cikin shekaru 3.

Ana aiwatar da canjin ƙasa a bazara kafin a fara kunnawar haɓaka. Sanya murfin magudana a kasan kwandon. Soilasa ta yi koyi da yanayin wurin: friability, low abinci mai gina jiki, acid acid dauki. Haɗin cakuda kan peat (sassa 4) tare da ƙari da yashi (2 sassan) da perlite (1 sashi) ya dace. Ikon ya fi kyau a zaɓi filastik.

Cutar da kwari

Lokaci-lokaci, shan kashi ta hanyar cutar botritis (launin toka) yana yiwuwa.

Karin kwari: aphids, kwari masu kwari, mealybug.

Don jimre wa yanayin, ba za a iya amfani da fungicides na guba ko kwari ba. Don magance launin toka, cire wuraren da abin ya shafa, bi da ruwa mai soapy. A kan kwari, yi amfani da kayan ado na ganye.

Iri heliamphors tare da hotuna da sunaye

Heliamphora yana ba da kansa sosai ga hybridization, la'akari da mafi kyawun wakilai.

Heliamphora yana narkewa Helianphora nutans

Heliamphora mai lalata Helianphora nutans photo

Yana faruwa ne a tsawon tsaunin 2000-2700 sama da matakin teku (wanda aka fara gano shi a farkon karni na XIX akan Dutsen Roraima). Tsawon faranti-kamar faranti ganye ne 10 cm, a tsakiyar suna baƙin ciki kaɗan. An yi saman saman da kamannin abin da filafi ya capan halitta. Farantin takardar yana da farin koren kore, launin ja yana gudana tare da gefen. A lokacin furanni, ciyawar mai fure mai tsawon 15-30 cm tana bayyana.Kuyan dusar ƙanƙara tana da launin shuɗi ko launin shuɗi. A cikin yanayin halitta, ana samun wannan nau'in a kudancin Venezuela da iyakar yankuna na Brazil, inda yake zama a cikin yankunan marshy.

Heliamphora ƙaramin Helianphora ƙarami

Heliamphora ƙaramin Helianphora ƙaramin hoto

Karami mafi karanci, tsinkayen ganyayyaki masu fasali mai filafi ne kawai 5-8 cm. Yana girma sosai a ciki, yana yin kauri mai kauri. Launin faranti ganye ne mai haske kore, hula da veins suna da launin ja. Tumbin-fure mai ɗauke da fure tsawonsa 25 cm; furanni kusan shekara ne. Corollas cream mai launi.

Heliamphora heterodox Helianphora heterodoxa

Heliamphora heterodox Helianphora heterodoxa hoto

An gano nau'in a cikin 1951 a yankin tudun Serra Pakaraima Mountain. Ana nufin nau'in ƙarancin ƙasa (a cikin yanayin yanayin yakan hau zuwa tsayin 1200-2000 mita sama da matakin teku). Lokacin da girma a ɗaka, yana da haƙuri da yanayin zafi. Yana da saurin girma girma, cokalin nectar akan farautar yana da girma. Babban ɓangaren jug yana da launin ja mai duhu, launin shuɗi mai launin kore yana bayyana kaɗan.

Heliamphora sacciform Helianphora foliculata

Heliamphora sacciform Helianphora foliculata hoto

An bayyana nau'ikan jinsin kwanan nan, wanda aka samo a kudu na Venezuela, wanda aka samo shi a tsayin mita 1700-2400 sama da matakin teku. Sunan ya faru ne saboda bayyanar faranti-faranti: sun tashi saman farfajiya na ƙasa a cikin nau'ikan jaka na peculiar, diamita kusan kusan uniform ne. An kawata bango mai launin kore tare da jijiyoyin jan-burgundy hue, gefen takardar yana da launin ja mai haske.

Dankin ya fi son wuraren da ba za a iya gani ko ruwa, a Bugu da kari, ruwan sama mai nauyi (tare da namowar cikin gida, yana kula da yawan zafi sosai). A cikin tsaunuka, inji yana buɗewa ga dukkan iska - maɗauratan ba masu tsoro bane. Hoton furanni ya sha bamban daga na fari zuwa launin ruwan hoda.

Heliamphora mai-gashin gashin Helianphora hispida

Heliamphora mai-gashin gashi Helianphora hispida

An samo nau'in a cikin ƙasashen Cerro Neblin, yana zaune a cikin ruwa mara ƙanƙara da wuraren lalatattu. Yana girma cikin sauri, labulen cike da launuka.

Wasu ganye suna da launin shudi mai haske, wasu kuma ja, wasu kuma suna da jan baki da keel. Tsawon tsararren ganye shine kusan 30 cm; farfajiyar rabin mita ce. Launin Corollas farar fata ne, fari da ruwan hoda.

Heliamphora pulchella Helianphora pulchella

Heliamphora pulchella Helianphora pulchella hoto

Wani nau'in da aka gano a cikin 2005 a cikin ƙasashen Venezuela. Yana faruwa a tsawan 1500 zuwa 2500 mita sama da matakin teku, ya fi son yankunan marshy. Tsawon tsirrai ya bambanta daga 5 zuwa 20 cm, a matsakaita, diamita shine 8 cm.

A launi daga cikin tarkunan ganye suna da launin toka-burgundy tare da shunayya mai launin shuɗi, gefen an yi wa ado da fararen fararen fata. Kyaftin mai-kwalkwalin yana da tsawon 0.8 cm: kauren fure mai ba da furanni na iya kaiwa tsawon rabin-mitt. Corollas suna da girma sosai: lokacin da aka buɗe su cikakke, sun isa diamita na cm 10. Suna da sau huɗu, furen fararen fata ko farin ruwan hoda, ainihin ya ƙunshi ɓoyayyen 10-15.