Seleri

Seleri herbaceous plant (Apium) memba ne a gidan Umbrella. Mafi mashahuri a cikin lambu shine irin wannan kayan lambu na kayan lambu kamar seleri mai ban tsoro (Apium tomolens). Wannan al'ada ta fito ne daga Bahar Rum, har yanzu ana samunsu a cikin daji yau. Za'a iya samun Selery a cikin yanayi a gabar ruwan Indiya da sauran ƙasashe na Asiya, da kuma a Amurka da Afirka, yayin da wannan shuka ta fi son girma a wurare masu laima.

Mutane sun fara shuka irin wannan shuka tun da daɗewa, alal misali, a tsohuwar Girka seleri an girma a hanya ta musamman, kuma ana amfani da petioles ganye kawai don abinci. Kuma a wasu ƙasashe na tsohuwar duniyar, wannan al'ada ta kasance tsattsarkar shuka, alal misali, a cikin Daular Roma da Misira, ana amfani da seleri don yin kayan ado don kaburbura, yayin da abinci, wanda ya haɗa da irin wannan shuka, ana amfani da shi don tunawa da matattu. A cikin yankin Turai, irin wannan al'ada ta zama sananne a karni na 18, yayin da a farko aka girma shi kawai saboda dalilai na ado, kuma bayan ɗan lokaci ne sai aka fara cinye shi. A yau, wannan shuka tana ƙara zama sananne a kowace shekara.

Short bayanin girma

Shuka. Tushen seleri an shuka shi don seedlings a cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Fabrairu, da ganye seleri - rabin wata daga baya. Ana shuka 'ya'yan itace a cikin ƙasa a cikin farkon Mayu.
Haske. Da kyau lit yankin.
Kasar. Asan da ta dace ya kamata ya zama mai sauƙi, sako-sako da abinci mai gina jiki; ƙasa mai yashi ko ƙasa, wanda yakamata ya zama tsaka tsaki ko kuma alkaline ɗan kadan, ya fi dacewa.
Watse. Ana shayar lokaci 1 a cikin kwanaki 7, yayin da buhunan ruwa 2-2.5 na ruwa ana cinye murabba'in mita 1.
Taki. A lokacin rani, kuna buƙatar aiwatar da suttura 4: Nitrophoski bayani shine ciyar da seedlingsan seedlings kwana 7 bayan tara; ganye jiko 7 kwanaki bayan dasawa harbe cikin bude ƙasa; bayan rabin wata sai su hadu tare da maganin mullein ko daskararre kaji; superphosphate bayani a cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Yuli.
Kiwo. Hanyar haihuwa (iri).
Cututtuka masu cutarwa. Seleri (borsch) kwari, kwari karas, aphids wake.
Cututtuka. Tsatsa, septoria (ƙonawar da ta gabata, ko fararen fata), cercosporosis (ƙona da wuri), peronosporosis da ƙwayar mosaic kokwamba.

Siffar Celery

Tushen tsiron herbaceous shine mai biennial, a tsayinsa ya kai kusan santimita ɗari, tushen sa yana kauri. A cikin shekarar farko ta girma, tushen tsiro mai tushe a cikin bushes, kazalika da rosette wanda ya ƙunshi launuka masu launin shuɗi na launin kore mai duhu mai launi. Kuma a cikin shekara ta biyu ta girma, ana yin harbe, fure yana farawa a tsakiyar watan Yuli. Umbrellas kafa ne hade da kore-fari furanni.

Irin wannan al'adar tana da danshi mai kauna da sanyi, mai saurin shuka, an riga an lura da shuka tsiro a digiri 3, yayin da shukoki masu aminci suka bayyana a zazzabi na digiri 15. Matasa matasa na iya jurewa frosts don debe 5 digiri. Eda fruitan itace, doublea fruitan itace kusan biyu suna da haƙarƙari biyu a kowane ɗayan. Zuwa yau, ana shuka nau'ikan seleri 3: ganye, tushe da tushe (petiole). Ganyayyakin kore masu zuwa sun fi shahara: seleri, Dill da faski.

Girma seleri daga tsaba

Wani lokaci don shuka

Tun da tsawon lokacin ciyawar seleri shine kwanaki 120 zuwa 170, ya kamata a girma wannan al'ada ta hanyar shuka. Shuka tsaba na tushen seleri don shuka ana aiwatar da kwanaki 70-75 kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa buɗe, alal misali, a cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Fabrairu. A lokaci guda, shuka ganyen seleri don shuka ana yin sa bayan rabin wata.

Tsaba suna buƙatar shirye-shiryen riga-kafi na tilas, kamar yadda suke ɗauke da mayuka masu mahimmanci waɗanda ke hana kumburi da fitowar tsiron, a wasu yanayi, 'ya'yan farko na farko sun bayyana bayan kwanaki 20-30. Domin seedlings ya bayyana da wuri-wuri, dole ne a sparged: an sa zuriyar a cikin ruwa mai cike da iskar oxygen na tsawon awanni 24, sannan a yanyanka shi, wanda aka shafe tsawon mintuna 45. a cikin bayani na potassiumganganate (1%), to ya kamata a wanke shi da ruwa mai tsabta a bushe. Akwai wata hanya don shirya tsaba don shuka: na farko, an yanyanka su, don wannan, nutsar da minti 45. a cikin maganin maganin manganese (1%), sannan a wanke, sannan a nitse cikin maganin Epin na tsawon awanni 18 (saukad da 2 a cikin ruwa na ruwa 100).

Yankin da aka kula da shi ya kamata a warwatsa shi da ƙasan bakin ciki akan nama mai narkewa, inda za su yi tsiro a zazzabi na 20 zuwa 22. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin kwali, wanda aka cika shi da cike gurbin sa, ya haɗa da ƙanƙan ƙyallen ƙasa, ƙasa da humus (3: 1: 1), an kuma ƙara yashi mai nauyi. A cikin l 10 na substrate, ƙara 1 tbsp. itace ash da 1 tsp. urea. Bayan wasu ƙwayayen sun tanƙwara, ana haɗe su da ɗan yashi kuma an shuka shi a cikin akwati tare da cakuda ƙasa mai narkewa wanda ake yin tsagi, da nisan da ke tsakanin su ya zama daga 30 zuwa 40 mm. Ya kamata a rufe tsaba daga bakin sand na bakin ciki, ta amfani da sieve don wannan, to, akwatin da ke saman an rufe shi da gilashi ko fim kuma a tsabtace shi a cikin wurin dumi.

Shuka seedlings

Idan an yi komai daidai, na farko seedlings ya bayyana kwanaki 7 bayan shuka. Lokacin da ya zama dole, ana shayar da amfanin gona da ruwa mai ɗumi, ta amfani da kyakkyawan fesa don wannan. Kafin seedlings su bayyana, dole ne a kiyaye akwatunan dumama (daga digiri 22 zuwa 25). Bayan an shuka iri, dole ne a cire tsari, kuma ana tura kwantena zuwa wurin da ake da hasken-inda ya kamata ya zama mai sanyi (kimanin digiri 16).

A cikin makonnin 4-6 na farkon, ana haifar da ƙananan harbe ta hanyar jinkirin girma. Lokacin girma ganye da ganyen petiole, lokacin da farantin ganye na gaske na 1-2 suna girma a cikin seedlings, ana fitar da bakin ciki, yayin da nisan da ke tsakanin su ya zama daga 40 zuwa 50 mm ko ana iya daskarewa a cikin babban akwati. A tushen seleri, seedlings nutse cikin tukwanen peat-humus tukwane, yayin da rage girman tsakiyar by 1/3. Yayin nutsewa, ana shuka tsiran bishiyoyi a cikin ƙasa a cikin tukwane kawai har zuwa rabin gwiwa na submedicular. Lokacin da aka ba da peran, za su fara buƙatar kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye, don wannan amfani da damfan takarda. A wannan lokacin, seedlings zai buƙaci tsarin zazzabi mai zuwa: a cikin rana - daga digiri 15 zuwa 16, kuma da dare - digiri 11-12.

Ko da wane irin abin da aka shuka seleri, seedlings zai buƙaci samar da kulawa mai kyau, wanda ya ƙunshi lokacin shayarwa da kayan miya, da kuma kwance saman murfin. Karo na farko da ake ciyar da tumatir bayan kwana 7-10 bayan sun yi gyangyaɗi ko kosai, don wannan suna amfani da maganin Nitrofoski (na lita 10 na ruwa 1 tsp), ana ɗauki 2-3 tbsp don daji 1. l cakuda abinci mai gina jiki. Idan tsirrai sun cika yawa, to lallai zasu ciyar da su sau 2 ko sau 3 tare da maganin urea tare da tazara tsakanin kwanaki 10-12. Don hana ƙone ƙone a kan tsire-tsire lokacin da aka ciyar da su, za su buƙaci a wanke sauran abin da ke haɗuwa da sinadarai, don wannan suna amfani da ruwa mai tsabta da sieve.

Lokacin da kwanaki 7-10 suka rage kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa bude, ya zama dole don ci gaba da tursasawa. Don yin wannan, ana canza shi kowace rana zuwa titi, yayin da tsawon lokacin yin aikin dole ne a ƙara hankali, har sai seedlings ba zai iya kasancewa cikin sabon iska koyaushe.

Girma seleri a kan windowsill

Shuka tsaba na seleri da shuka seedlings a yanayin ɗakin ya kamata iri ɗaya ne kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama. Irin wannan shuka akan windowsill za a iya girma daga tushen amfanin gona, a sakamakon haka, zaku iya samun sakamakon da sauri da kuma sauki. Amma ya kamata a lura cewa shuka da aka girma daga zuriya na iya šaukar ɗan lokaci kaɗan. Idan ana so, za a iya dasa sabon tushe mai kyau 1 lokaci kowane watanni 2-3, ko za ku iya jira kaɗan kuma ku tsirar da wannan tsiro daga zuriya, irin wannan daji na iya samar muku da ganye mai ƙanshi na sama da shekara 1.

Don girma irin wannan shuka daga amfanin gona, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar tukunya, tsayin daka wanda ya zama kusan santimita 20. Ya danganta da girman tushen amfanin gona, ana iya dasa guda 1-3 a ciki, kuma bayan dasawa, sashinsu na sama ya kamata ya tashi sama saman dutsen. Tukunyar tukunya ta cika kwandon shara, wanda ya haɗa da kayan kwakwa da kuma biohumus (2: 1), yakamata a shaƙe shi kuma a shayar dashi. Don narkar da seleri, zaku iya ɗaukar wata cakuda ƙasa.

A ina zan sami tushen amfanin gona don shuka? Ana iya siye shi a kasuwa ko a haƙa a shafinku. Tarin farkon farkon m ganye za'a iya aiwatar da shi bayan rabin wata. Idan daji ya girma daga zuriyar, to, za a iya yin farkon farkon greenery bayan kusan makonni 6, duk da haka, za a lura da ci gabansa a cikin shekara, kuma watakila ma ya fi tsayi. An bada shawarar shuka iri na farkon cikakkun nau'ikan tushen seleri. Lokacin da aka sarrafa tsaba kafin shuka, kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama, ya kamata a shuka su a cikin wani gurbin da aka sanyaya, a binne shi da rabin santimita, sannan akwati an rufe shi da fim ko gilashi.

Yadda ake ruwa

Irin wannan al'ada ta hygrophilous, dangane da wannan bazarar kuna buƙatar shayar da bushes sau da yawa kuma yalwata. A cikin hunturu, ana shayar da su sau da yawa kuma ana amfani da ƙarancin ruwa don wannan. Ya kamata a bar matsi na tsaye a tsaye na awanni 24 kafin ban ruwa, kuma ya kamata ya kasance da yawan zafin jiki a ɗakin. Za a sa tukunya da shuka tare da dabbar, kuma bayan an shayar da ruwa, ya zama dole a cire magudanar ruwan sha daga ciki.

Taki

Don tattara ganye na tsawon lokaci mai yiwuwa, dole ne a ciyar da bushes a cikin yanayin dace. Lokaci 1 a cikin kwanakin 15-20 a cikin babba na substrate ya zama dole don yin 1 tsp. Agrolife ko dai sau 1 a cikin kwanaki 7, ana shayar da bushes tare da bayani na Ciwon Magunguna (1 hula akan lita 2 na ruwa).

Idan seleri yana ba da kulawa mai kyau, to, wani daji da aka shuka daga tushen amfanin gona zai samar da ganye don watanni 3-4, kuma daga zuriyar - ya fi tsayi shekara guda.

Seleri dasa a cikin ƙasa bude

Wani lokaci don shuka

Wajibi ne don fara dasa shuki na seleri a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa bayan an kafa fararen ganye na gaske 4-5 akan tsire-tsire, yayin da ya kamata su kai tsayin 12 zuwa 15 santimita. Haka kuma, daga lokacin da seedlings suka bayyana, babu kasa da kwanaki 50-60. Lokacin da 2 zuwa 3 hours kasance kafin dasa shuki da bushes a cikin ƙasa bude, za su bukaci yawan watering. Ya kamata a aiwatar da dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa a cikin tsakiyar shekaru goma na farko na Mayu. 'Ya'yan itacen Tushen Tushen ba za a iya wuce surar su ba, in ba haka ba za a rage damar samun ingantaccen girbi da kuma girbi mai mahimmanci. 'Ya'yan itaciyar da ke cike da ruwa suna iya sauƙin cirewa a cikin tanki yayin dasawa, yayin da ake ɗauka tare da dunƙule na ƙuraje.

Ƙasa mai dacewa

Kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa bude, yakamata ku shirya shafin sosai. Irin wannan al'ada tana buƙatar haske, ƙasa mai laushi na yashi ƙasa, wanda ya kamata ya zama ɗan ƙaramin alkaline ko tsaka tsaki. Yakamata a buɗe makircin kuma ya cika daidai. Don irin wannan shuka, filaye inda amfanin gona irin su kabeji, cucumbers, legumes da tumatir a baya sun yi kyau. Kuma mummunar magabata sune faski, karas, dill da faski.

Ya kamata a gama shiri wurin. Don yin wannan, tono ƙasa zuwa zurfin bayoneti na shebur, yayin da ya zama dole don ƙara gram 20 na superphosphate na biyu da kilogram 3.5-4 na takin ko humus a cikin murabba'in mita 1 na shafin. A cikin bazara, ƙasa a kan gado dole ne a kwance, yayin da yakamata a yi amfani da 35-40 grams na takin ƙasa ma'adinai a kowace murabba'in mita 1 na ƙasar.

Dokokin saukarwa

Lokacin dasa shuki seedlings na tushen seleri tsakanin bushes, ya kamata a lura da nisa daga 0.4 zuwa 0.5 m, yayin da nisa tsakanin layuka ya kamata iri ɗaya. Kuma lokacin dasa shuki ganye da tushe seleri, nisa tsakanin bushes ya kamata daga 15 zuwa 20 santimita, kuma jere jera ya kamata game da 30 santimita. Idan ana so, za a iya dasa bushes na seleri tsakanin gadaje na dankali, tafarnuwa ko albasa.

A cikin kowane rami na dasa shuki, ya wajaba a zuba 1 dintsi na itace ash da humus, yayin da takin mai magani ke da alaƙa da ƙasa. An binne tsire-tsire lokacin dasawa a cikin ƙasa zuwa gwiwoyi na cotyledonary. Sai ƙasa kusa da seedlings lafiya compused, da kuma dasa shuke-shuke da kansu suna shayar da shayar. Dole ne a kiyaye tsire-tsire masu dasa bishiyoyi daga hasken rana kai tsaye da taimakon takardar zanen gado a cikin kwanakin farko.

Kula da Seleri

Girma da kuma kula da seleri ya kamata a yi daban da ganye ko tushen seleri. Kowane ɗayan nau'in irin wannan shuka yakamata su samar da shayarwa na zamani, weeding, kayan miya, mulching da kwance ƙasa ƙasa, kuma idan ya cancanta, bi da bushes daga cututtuka da kwari masu cutarwa.

Don danshi ya kasance ya fi tsayi a cikin ƙasa, kuma babu ɓawon burodi ya bayyana a farfajiyarsa, ya wajaba a cika gado tare da seleri tare da ciyawar mulching (sawdust, peat ko ciyawa mowed). Lokacin da ya rage kwanaki 20 kafin a girbe kara (petiole) seleri, bushes zai buƙaci ya yi tsayi, wannan zai ba da fata a cikin petioles, tare da rage ɗanɗano mai ɗaci a cikinsu da rage adadin mayuka masu mahimmanci tare da ƙanshin mai ƙamshi. Idan tushen seleri yayi girma a kan gado, to, a tsakiyar lokacin bazara wajibi ne don cire ƙasa daga sashinta na sama, yayin da kuma cire tushen gefen kuma danna ɗan itacen zuwa saman farfajiyar. Idan ganyayyaki sun fashe a lokaci guda, to wannan ba zai cutar da daji ta kowace hanya ba, amma zai taimaka wajen samar da amfanin gona mai girma. Petiole da tushen seleri ana girbe gaba ɗaya lokacin girbi. Kuma a lokacin da girbi ganye iri-iri, da bushes za a iya amfani da shi domin distillation a gida a hunturu. Don yin wannan, ana ɗaukar daji tare da ƙamshi na dunƙulen farko kafin sanyi na farko ya zo, bayan an dasa shi a cikin tukunya.

Yadda ake ruwa

Wannan al'ada mai tsadar jini ce, saboda haka ana shayar da shi sau ɗaya a kowace kwana 7, yana ciyar da buhu 2-2.5 na ruwa a muraba'in mita 1 na gado. Bai kamata a kyale kasa ta bushe ba. A lokacin bushewa, ya kamata a aiwatar da ruwa sau 1 a rana. A ƙasa a kan gado ya kamata kullum kadan damp. Ruwa bushes a ƙarƙashin tushe.

Taki

Don tattara girbin arziki na wannan al'ada, a duk tsawon lokacin zai zama dole don aiwatar da ciyarwa 4. Game da yadda ake ciyar da seedlings, wanda aka bayyana a sama. 7 kwanaki bayan dasawa seedlings a cikin ƙasa bude, shi wajibi ne don ciyar da shi tare da jiko ciyawa, kuma bayan wani rabin wata da tsire-tsire hadu da kaji jiko ko jiko mullein. Bayan haka, a ƙarshen Yuli, ya kamata a ƙara superphosphate (a kowace 1 murabba'in kilogram na masara ta 30) a cikin ƙasa.

Abin da za a shuka bayan seleri

A shafin da aka shuka seleri a bara, zaku iya dasa tafarnuwa, tumatir, albasa, kayan lemo da dankali.

Cututtuka na Celery da Karin hotuna da alamomi

Cutar

Lokacin da girma a cikin ƙasa buɗe, seleri na iya shafar waɗannan cututtuka:

Tsatsa

Ana iya gano alamun wannan cuta a farkon lokacin bazara. Aljihunan launin ruwan kasa-ja yana bayyana a saman kasan bangaren yayan foliage, petioles, da harbe.A tsawon lokaci, sassan da abin ya shafa na daji sun zama rawaya da bushewa, alhali sun rasa dandano. Don kawar da cutar, dole ne a yayyafa bushes tare da maganin Fitosporin-M (milig 4-5 a kowace lita 1 na ruwa), yayin 100 ml na cakuda zai isa ya aiwatar da mitar 1 murabba'in.

Hankalin farin (septoria, ko marigayi ƙona)

Bushes yakan yi rashin lafiya a makonnin ƙarshe na lokacin bazara. A cikin tsire-tsire da abin ya shafa, yawancin aibobi rawaya masu launin akan foliage, kuma an shirya aibobi launin ruwan kasa-launin ruwan kasa a kan petioles. Cutar ta haɓaka mafi yawan aiki a cikin ruwa, yanayin sanyi. Bushes ɗin haƙuri za su buƙaci magani tare da maganin Topsin-M ko Fundazole. Lokacin da kwanaki 20 suka rage kafin girbi, ya kamata a dakatar da duk jiyya.

Da wuri ƙona ko cercosporosis

Haɓaka irin wannan cuta yana ba da gudummawa ga yanayin ruwan sama mai sanyi tare da yawan zafin jiki mai kauri. A cikin tsire-tsire da abin ya shafa, an kafa filayen da ke zagaye da yawa a farfajiya na ganye, wanda ya kai rabin santimita a ƙasan, yana da tsattsauran ra'ayi na tsakiyar da launin ruwan kasa. A farfajiya na petioles oblong spots bayyana, kuma tare da ƙara zafi, wani fure da launin shuɗi launuka siffofin su. A kan lokaci, ƙwayar da abin ya shafa da petioles sun bushe. Tare da wannan cuta suna yaƙi kamar Septoria.

Downy mildew

Ta shafe shi da sashi na daji na daji, yayin da ake rufe da launi mai kama da yanar gizo akan launi, yayin da cutar ke ci gaba, ya zama fim ɗin da aka ji a saman wanda akwai ɗigon baki. Cutar na rayayye sosai tare da canje-canje mai kauri cikin zafin jiki da zafi, har ma da dew sanyi. Mafi kyawun duka, jiko na filin shuka thistle copes tare da wannan cuta. Don shirya shi, kuna buƙatar haɗa rabin guga na ruwa tare da kilogiram na 0.3 na shuka ciyayi, cakuda ya kamata a ba shi don awa 8.

Kokwamba Mosaic

Wannan cuta hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri ne. Alamun wannan cutar kai tsaye suna dogara ne da irin nau'in da ya mamaye daji: manyan zobba na iya bayyana a saman ɓangaren seleri, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga lalatawarsa, ƙananan ƙananan zobba na iya haifar da rage jinkirin shuka. Dukkanin bushes na marasa lafiya suna buƙatar a haƙa shi da wuri-wuri kuma a hallaka. Tun da wannan cutar ba amenable zuwa magani, don dalilan rigakafin, ya zama dole don kare al'adun daga manyan dillalan: ticks da aphids.

Domin kada ku yi amfani da ƙwayoyi masu cutarwa don feshin tsire-tsire masu cuta, ya kamata ku bi ka'idodin yin rigakafin:

wajibi ne don aiwatar da shirye-shiryen shuka iri-iri;
bi ka’idojin juya amfanin gona da fasahar noma ta wannan gona;
hana thickings na saukowa;
a cikin kaka, lokacin da za a girbe amfanin gona gabaɗaya, ya kamata a cire duk sauran wuraren shuka daga wurin, kazalika da tono ƙasa mai zurfi.

Karin kwari

Mafi sau da yawa, irin wannan kwari zauna a kan seleri bushes:

Borsch (seleri) tashi

A cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Mayu, wannan kwaro ya tashi zuwa seleri daga saniya saniya don kwanƙwai ƙwai a ƙarƙashin fata na faranti, saboda haka, tubercles ya bayyana a farfajiya. Bayyanannun larvae suna fitar da nama mai ganye, yayin da dogayen sassa ke kasancewa a bayansu. Saboda wannan, petioles ya zama mai ɗaci cikin ɗanɗano, yayin da yin ƙididdigar girbi mai kyau na seleri ba lallai ba ne. Don hana irin waɗannan kwari daga bayyana a cikin rukunin yanar gizonku, koyaushe dole ku fitar da ciyawa mai ban dariya, kuma kuna buƙatar dasa albasa kusa da gado na seleri, wanda zai iya hana irin wannan tashi.

Karas tashi

Ya bayyana a bazara da kuma shirya kwai-kwanciya a karkashin seleri bushes, da larvae na irin wannan kwaro cuta da harbe, Tushen da ganye faranti. A lokacin kakar, wannan tashi tana ba ƙarni biyu. Don halakar da irin wannan kwaro, ya zama dole don aiwatar da jiyya da yawa tare da tazara na kwanaki 7, don wannan kananun hanyoyin an rufe shi da wani yanki na cakuda wanda ya ƙunshi yashi, bushe mustard da ƙurar taba (1: 1: 1).

Wake aphid

Wannan nau'in aphid shine mafi girma duka. Yana ɗaukar rabin wata kawai don samar da ƙarni na irin wannan kwaro. Aphids kwaro ne mai tsotsewa wanda zai iya cizo ta fuskar farantin ganye yana shan ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga shi. Ya kamata kuma a tuna cewa irin wannan kwaro ne babban jigilar cututtukan haɗari waɗanda ba a sami magunguna masu inganci ba tukuna. A wannan batun, da zaran an hango aphid a shafin, dole ne a fara magance shi nan da nan. Misali, ana iya bi da bushes tare da jiko ko broth tattalin akan fi na dankali, tumatir ko dandelions. Hakanan, don wannan dalili, jiko na peat na peels ya dace, don shirye-shiryensa ya zama dole a haɗar da ruwa (sassan 10) tare da peels (1 part), haɗu da komai da kyau kuma ku bar don nace don kwanaki 3-5. Don dalilai na rigakafin, ya zama dole a sako shafin a kan lokaci, kuma bayan an girbe amfanin gona, an tsabtace wurin da tarkace na shuka, sannan a yi zurfin tonon ƙasa.

Iri da nau'ikan seleri

An riga an ambata a sama cewa ganye, tushe da tushe (petiole) seleri sun fi shahara tsakanin masu lambu.

Tushen seleri

Irin wannan seleri, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana horar da shi don samun tushen da ke da kaddarorin magani masu kama da waɗanda aka samo a ginseng tushe. Yawan amfanin gona ya bambanta daga kilogram 0,5 zuwa 0.9. Mafi karancin lokacin girma ga wannan shuka shine kwana 120, saboda haka kawai tsakiyar-farkon, tsakiya da marigayi iri ne aka ware daga gare ta. Wadannan nau'ikan tsakiyar farkon suna shahara:

Babban yaya. Kimanin kwanaki 120 ke tsiro daga toan itace zuwa cikakkiyar matattarar amfanin gona. Manyan tushen amfanin gona suna da maimaitawa. Naman jikinsu mai taushi yana da launi mai haske da mara nauyi.
Apple. Wannan iri-iri yana halin yawan aiki da kuma tsayayya da cuta. Lokacin tumatir na kayan amfanin gona ya dogara da yanayin yanayi kuma kwanaki 90-160. Yawan taro na tushen kayan gona shine giram 80-140. Jiki mai sukari mai launin fari mai launin fari-fari ne. Tushen Tushen Tushen ana bambanta shi da ingancin kiyayewa.
Gribovsky. Matsakaicin lokacin girma ga irin wannan seleri ya kasance daga kwanaki 120 zuwa 150. Siffar tushen amfanin gona zagaye ne, adadinsu ya sha bamban daga gram 65 zuwa 135. Jiki mai laushi yana da filayen launin shuɗi. Irin waɗannan kayan marmari na tushen suna cinye sabo ne da bushe.
Duniya. Manyan kayan amfanin gona suna da nau'i mai zagaye, adadinsu ya sha bamban daga gram 150 zuwa 300. A m da m ɓangaren litattafan almara na farin launi da wajen kananan voids.
Lu'u-lu'u. Daban-daban suna tsayayya da harbi, tsawon lokacin da ya girma shine kusan kwanaki 150. Kayan lambu masu zagaye masu laushi masu laushi suna da kimanin nauyin gram 200. Bayan an kula da zafin rana, Jiki ya ci gaba da kasancewa da farin launi.

Popular irin matsakaici ripening:

Albin. Wannan iri-iri yana da yawan amfanin ƙasa, tushen sa ya lalace cikin kwanaki 120. Tushen amfanin gona na wani zagaye zagaye a diamita kai 12 santimita. Juicy ɓangaren litattafan almara bashi da voids kuma yana fenti fari.
Egor. 'Ya'yan itacen sun cika kwanaki 170. Rounded manyan albarkatu masu tushe waɗanda ke da nauyin kilogram 0.5, ana fentin su a launin launin toka-launin shuɗi tare da kore. Jikin farin yana da daɗi da kamshi.
Esaul. Whitish-launin toka manyan albarkatun gona na zagaye siffar nauyi game da 300 grams, su ripening yana 150-160 kwanaki. A cikin tushen albarkatun gona, Tushen suna cikin ƙananan sashinsu.
Mai karfi. Tushen amfanin gona na wannan iri-iri suna da nau'i mai zagaye, kuma suna girma cikin kimanin kwanaki 170. Su masu launin shuɗi-fari ne kuma suna nauyi kamar kilogram 0.4. Farin ɗumbin farin yana da ƙanshi da daɗi.
Giant. A cikin wannan nau'in mai bada-yawan amfanin ƙasa, ana dasa furen amfanin gona a cikin launi mai laushi, kuma suna nauyin kilogram 0.7.

Wadannan nau'ikan marigayi-ripening sun shahara tare da lambu:

Anita. An bambanta iri-iri ta hanyar yawan aiki da tsayayya da harbi. Tushen amfanin gona cikakke sun yi kyau a cikin kwanaki 160, ana fentin su a cikin launi mai launin bege kuma suna da siffar oval ko zagaye, kuma nauyinsu ya kai kilo 0.4. Bayan an kula da zafin rana, dusar ƙanƙara-fari ba ta rasa launi.
Maxim. Haɓaka amfanin gona mai tushe yana ɗaukar kwanaki 200, adadinsu zai iya kaiwa kilogram 0.5. A ɓangaren litattafan almara yana da launi mai tsami da ɗanɗano mai ɗumi.

Ganyen Seleri

Ganyen seleri ana noma shi domin samun kyandir mai kamshi wanda ke dauke da sinadarai da yawa, wanda aka tara a lokacin bazara. A cikin wannan nau'in, tushen amfanin gona ba ya samar. Wadannan nau'ikan da suka shahara sune:

Kartuli. Yankin tsakiyar-farkon iri-iri na kiwan na Jojiya shine fari da rashin jure sanyi. A kan petioles na launin koren duhu mai duhu akwai faranti masu ƙanshi, waɗanda ke girma sau da yawa a lokacin bazara. Ganyen yana cin abinci sabo ne da bushe.
Mai ladabi. A cikin wannan tsakiyar farkon iri-iri, farawar fasahar fasaha na faruwa ne bayan kwanaki 105-110 daga lokacin da seedlings suka bayyana. Za a iya cin ciyawa sabo ko bushewa.
Jirgin ruwa. Wannan nau'in farkon, wanda ake samu da yawan amfanin sa, ya girma a cikin kwanaki 85-90 kawai. Fushin yana da daɗi da kamshi mai daɗi.
Zahar. Matsakaita lokacin ripening na iri-iri yana da yawan amfanin ƙasa. A lokacin girma, yana bada ganye sau 2-3 sau biyu idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'in seleri na ganye. M foliage ne quite m.
Pep. Bishiyar matsakaitan matsakaitan matsakaici na zamani yana nuna fari da haƙuri mai haƙuri. Ya yi girma a cikin kwanaki 65-70. Haske da karfi dissected ganye faranti ne quite m.
Samurai. Wannan nau'in tsiro-matsakaici shine mafi mashahuri a tsakanin lambu tsakanin dukkan nau'in seleri na ganye. Ganyen daji suna daɗaɗa karfi da ƙanshi, suna da alaƙa da faski mai ɗauri. Wannan iri-iri ya kai ga balaga a cikin kwanaki 80-85.
Spartan. Yawancin iri a cikin kwanaki 80-85, faranti na ganye da aka fentin launuka masu duhu.

Kara seleri (petiole)

Petiole seleri yana da daraja don ƙyallen ƙwayar fulawa, kaurin su ya kai 40-50 mm. Irin wannan nau'in ba ya samar da albarkatun ƙasa. Mashahuri irin nau'in seleri:

Malachite. A cikin irin wannan matsakaici farkon iri-iri, m lokacin farin ciki da fleshy petioles girma cikin kwanaki 80. A launi na ganye ne duhu kore.
Zinare. Wannan tsakiyar-farkon iri-iri ripens kwana 150. Siffar kyawawan abubuwan shan inna shine cewa za'a iya zubar dasu da kansu.
Tango. Ripening na wannan matsakaici-marigayi iri-iri yana 170-180 kwanaki. Curvedarfin fure mai haske mai launin shuɗi-shudi mai tsayi yana da mahimmanci a cikin cewa ba su da ƙwayar m.
Kafafan. A cikin wannan matsakaici-marigayi iri-iri, fleshy da m petioles na duhu kore launi kore girma, za su iya kai 25-30 santimita tsawon.

Baya ga nau'ikan seleri da aka ambata a sama, masu lambu ma sun girma kamar: Yudinka, Snow global, Pascal, Odzhan, Non Plus Ultra, Cascade, Zvindra, Delikates, da sauransu.

Abubuwan da ke cikin Celery: mari da Amfani

M kaddarorin seleri

Tushen amfanin gona da ganyen seleri sun haɗa da abubuwa masu mahimmanci ga jikin ɗan adam, misali: amino acid, carotene, nicotinic acid, mai mahimmanci, boron, chlorine, alli, baƙin ƙarfe, manganese, magnesium, zinc, potassium, selenium, phosphorus, sulfur, bitamin A, C, E, K, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6 da fiber.

Saitin bitamin, ma'adanai, sunadarai da acid a cikin wannan tsiro na musamman ne, saboda wannan seleri yana taimakawa tabbatar da zaman lafiyar sel a jikin mutum, tare da rage hanzarin tsufa. Ana amfani da greenery na wannan al'ada yayin lura da raunin jijiya wanda ya bayyana saboda yawan aiki, tunda yana da tasirin magani. Mahimmancin mai da ke cikin shuka yana ƙarfafa ruɓar ruwan 'ya'yan itace na ciki. Farin ganye na Seleri yana ba da gudummawa ga daidaituwa na tafiyar matakai na rayuwa a cikin jiki, don haka ana ba da shawarar a haɗa shi cikin abincin masu ciwon sukari. Hakanan ana bada shawara a ci shi don mutanen da suke buƙatar ƙarfafa metabolism-salt metabolism a cikin jiki. Dajin ya hada da coumarins, wanda ke taimakawa kawar da jin zafi a cikin kai yayin migraines. Yana da tasirin anti-mai kumburi, yayin da al'adar ke taimaka wajan rage kumburi da kuma kawar da ciwon haɗin gwiwa tare da amosanin gabbai, gout da rheumatism. Wannan tsire-tsire kuma yana da warkarwa mai rauni, maganin antimicrobial, anti-rashin lafiyan, anti-mai kumburi da sakamako mai laxative. Yana sautin jiki kuma yana taimakawa haɓaka aikin jiki da na tunani. Ruwan 'ya'yan itace Selery yana taimakawa wajen tsarkake jini da kuma kawar da cututtukan fata, musamman idan aka hada shi da nettle da ruwan' Dankelion. Ana amfani dashi don cututtuka na ƙwayar gastrointestinal, urticaria, diathesis da urolithiasis. Hakanan ana amfani da Seleri a waje a gaban raunuka, kumburi, kumburi da ƙonewa, domin wannan an murƙushe ganye ta amfani da ɗanyen naman da aka haɗe da man shanu mai narkewa (1: 1).

Kayayyakin da ke cikin Celery suna taimakawa wajen karfafa aikin jima'i na maza, kawar da rashin bacci, daidaita hanyoyin tafiyar da rayuwa da hanta da aikin koda, kawar da raɗaɗi iri iri, rage nauyi, sannan kuma ana amfani da su don hana atherosclerosis. Yayin kulawa da cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin bugun gini, ana amfani da tushen seleri, godiya gareshi, adadin cholesterol a cikin jini yana raguwa, matsin lamba yana raguwa kuma ayyukan ƙwaƙwalwar zuciya yana aiki daidai. Abun da ke tattare da irin wannan tsiron ya hada da fiber mai yawa, wanda ke taimakawa inganta motsin hanji da kuma kawar da maƙarƙashiya. Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da tushen wannan itaciya don abinci ga maza masu fama da cututtukan hanji, tunda yana ba da gudummawa ga ci gaba mai mahimmanci a cikin aikin glandon prostate saboda ingantaccen samar da jini. Bugu da kari, wannan al'adar tana daya daga cikin manya-manyan aphrodisiacs wadanda ke inganta sha'awar jima'i.

Kayan magunguna na wannan al'ada sune kamar haka:

yana taimakawa kawar da cututtukan zuciya da na jini;
yana sanya tsarin garkuwa da karfi ya kuma kare jiki daga kamuwa da cuta;
yana kawar da damuwa kuma yana da amfani mai amfani ga tsarin juyayi;
Taimaka wajen magance hauhawar jini, cututtuka na kodan da tsarin jijiyoyin jini;
yana taimaka wajan habaka tsarin narkewa;
yana kawar da ayyukan sa a cikin hanji.
tare da cututtukan ciki da na ciki na kawar da kumburi da ciwo;
yana ba da sauƙin ɗaukar sunadarai.

Contraindications

Seleri yana ƙarfafa tsarin narkewa, saboda haka ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da shi don cututtukan ciki, ƙarar acidity na ruwan 'ya'yan itace na ciki ko gastritis. Hakanan, baza'a iya amfani dashi don maganin varicose veins da thrombophlebitis ba. Hakanan, mata masu ciki ba za su iya cinye shi ba. Hakanan ba a ba da shawarar ci ba yayin shayarwa, saboda mayuka masu mahimmanci na iya shiga cikin madara.