Mafi kyawun nau'in cherries don yankin Moscow: dasa, kulawa da hotuna

A yawancin ƙasashen Turai, kalmomin "ceri" da "ceri" suna da fassara iri ɗaya. Kuma wannan ma'ana ma'ana, tunda suna da kusanci. Amma har ma waɗannan haɗin haɗin ba za su iya canza cherries mai tsami zuwa cherries mai zaki ba. A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, masu shayarwa sun sami damar kawo yawancin nau'ikan cherries daban-daban don dasa a cikin yankuna da sauran yankuna na arewacin.

Mafi kyawun nau'in cherries don yankin Moscow: bayanin

Don girma cherries mai dadi ƙasa mai daɗi ake buƙatakazalika isasshen hasken rana. Amma yankuna na sanyi na Moscow ba su dace da shi ba, saboda masu shayarwa sun kirkiro da sababbin nau'in sanyi mai sanyi. Wadanda suka fi fice sune: Iput, Revna, Bryansk ruwan hoda, Tyutchevka, Fatezh.

Pink Bryansk ceri

Berries na wannan nau'in ceri suna da matsakaici a diamita na 21-23 mm, kuma suna da nauyin 5-7 g. Launin 'ya'yan itacen ruwan hoda ne, kuma naman rawaya ne. A ciki akwai dutse mai launin ruwan kasa, mai nauyin 8-9% na jimlar nauyin ceri. Tasteanɗano na berries yana da daɗi kuma mai daɗi. Kauri da tsawon kara suna da matsakaici.

Bryansk ceri yana da lokaci lokacin girkin. Fruiting yana faruwa kimanin shekaru 5 bayan dasa. Itace mai cin gashin kansa, sabili da haka, yana buƙatar ƙarin pollination. Blossoms na fure suna farawa a farkon watan Mayu. Berries ripen a ƙarshen Yuni. Yawan aiki ya kai kimanin 79 Ts / ha, amma watakila ƙari.

Bryansk zaki da ceri, kimanin 2.1-2.7 m, yana da matsakaicin adadin rassa, ganye suna da girma da kore. Har zuwa kananan furanni uku suna cikin inflorescence, ƙage da kwaro suna a matakin daidai, ƙoƙon yana a cikin gilashin, ƙwayoyin sepals ba su da wa'azin. Brown ceri harbe tare da launin toka mai launin toka.

Wannan nau'in ceri yana da rashi guda ɗaya: rashin iyawa ga fitar da kai. Amma wannan ba mai ban tsoro ba ne, tunda akwai wasu bishiyoyi dake yin zubin cherry, sune ire-iren waɗannan: Revna, Tyutchevka, Iput. Amfanin Bryansk zaki da ceri sun hada da:

• 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ba sa fasawa a cikin ruwan sama.
• Itace yana da tsayayya da cututtukan fungal mahaɗa a cikin wannan nau'in.
• Madalla da haƙuri da sanyi.
• An aminta da kyau a kan nesa mai nisa.
• Rot a zahiri ba ya shafar 'ya'yan itacen.

Mataki na Goma

Berries na wannan nau'in cherries masu nauyin kimanin 5-5.7 g. Siffar 'ya'yan itacen yana zagaye, tare da diamita na kusan 21-23 mm. Launin berries yana da burgundy, kuma lokacin da aka cikakken cika shi, ya kusan baki.

Tana da ƙarami da kauri. Dutse mai nauyin 0.4 g, inuwa mai haske mai haske, yana motsawa sosai daga ɓangaren litattafan almara. A berries ne sosai dadi, m da kyau.

Wannan nau'in ceri yana da wuri. Ya fara fruita fruitan foran itace na kimanin shekaru 5. Kamar yadda jinsin da aka bayyana a sama masu rashin haihuwa ne, don haka ana buƙatar ƙarin nau'in bishiyoyi don pollination. Yawo yana faruwa da wuri. Tsarin cikakken narkarda yana faruwa a farkon watan Mayu. Yawan amfanin gonar ya kusan 85 Ts / ha, kuma a wasu shekaru yana iya kaiwa 150 Ts / ha.

Iri daban-daban yana da matukar girman gaske, kimanin 3.7-4.2 m. Gwanin wannan al'ada kyakkyawa ne, yana da ganyayyaki da yawa a siffar dala. Giwayen mayafin duhu masu duhu suna da wa'azin ninka biyu. A cikin inflorescence har zuwa 4 fararen furanni. Kwayoyin cuta da kankara suna daidai da juna.

Rashin dacewar wannan nau'in, da nau'in bishiyar da aka bayyana a sama, sun haɗa da rashin yiwuwar fitar da pollin, wanda ke buƙatar ƙarin pollinators.

Babban fa'idodin Iput sune:

• Madalla da juriyar kamuwa da cututtukan fungal.
• An yi jigilar shi da kyau.
• Bishiyar sanyi
• Buds na wannan iri-iri ma jure wa bazara frosts.
• Yana bayar da ingantaccen amfanin gona mai kyau kowace shekara.
• A ɓangaren litattafan almara na 'ya'yan itace ne quite mai yawa.
• Yana da wani wuri iri-iri.

Bambancin Fatezh

Matsayi na wannan al'ada bai kai fiye da 3.5-4.5 m. Itace tana da kambi mai ƙyalli a cikin kamannin ƙwallo, gami da rassa masu yaduwa. Bar, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana nunawa kuma babba, tare da zurfin kore mai zurfi tare da ɗan ƙaramin sheen. Buds ba su bambanta da sifa daga sauran nau'ikan. A cikin inflorescence yana da furanni masu yawa na fararen launuka.

Ana daukar wannan nau'in ceri a tsakiyar farkon. Ya fara fruiting na kimanin shekaru 5. Ba za a iya yada shi da kansa ba, saboda haka ana buƙatar ƙarin bishiyoyi don yin fure, a lokaci ɗaya tare da cherries. Don mafi kyawun pollination, ana amfani da maganin zuma sau da yawa.

Ciki fure mai fure yana cikin farkon Yuni. Cikakken farfadowa yana faruwa a watan Yuli. Yawan amfanin shekara-shekara daga bishiya ɗaya shine kusan kilogram 60, wanda yake da yawa sosai.

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna da matsakaici a girma, suna yin kimanin kilogram 4.5-5.1. -Aya daga cikin siye, da launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi. A ɓangaren litattafan almara shi ne ainihin m, tafi daga kashi sosai. Dutse yana da adadin 6-7% na jimlar nauyin Berry. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun fi kyau kuma mai ɗaci.

Rashin dacewar nau'in Fatezh:

• Wannan nau'in ceri mai zaki ba ya yarda da kasancewar ƙwaya, saboda haka ya zama dole don tsabtace ƙasa lokaci-lokaci akan itacen.
• Baya jure iska mai ƙarfi.
• Babu wani ikon yin pollination, wanda ke buƙatar sauran bishiyoyi waɗanda suka yi fure a lokaci guda tare da shi.

Amfanin wannan iri-iri Siffofin sun hada da:

• Wannan 'ya'yan itace amfanin gona yana dauke da mai-yawan amfanin ƙasa mai yawa.
• Bugawa ta hanzari na berries.
• Madalla da juriya ga sanyi.
• Wannan bishiyar tana tsayayya da cututtuka irin su cocoycosis da moniliosis.
• Ba ya bukatar m ruwa.
• Daban-daban na Fatezh zai zama kyakkyawan tsari na kayan aikinku.
• Ceri mai daɗi yana da kyakkyawan gabatarwa.

Bambancin Tyutchevka

Wannan nau'in yana da kambi mai zagaye mai cike da kewaya. Kodan sunada matsakaici, a siffar mazugi. Semi-oval a ƙasa da zuwa sama ganyayyaki suna da inuwa mai haske mai haske mai duhu tare da laushi mara nauyi. Petioles yayi ƙanana da kauri, tare da jijiyoyin jikinsa. Wannan itaciyar mai tsayi tsayi.

A cikin inflorescence daban, lokacin furanni, akwai furanni huɗu, corolla a cikin hanyar saucer, petals suna haɗuwa da juna, anthers suna daidai da tsayi, kofin yana cikin siffar gilashin, ba a nuna gilashin sepals. Stamens da pestle na girman jiki.

Theaukar nauyin Berry shine giram 5.3-7.4, tare da diamita na kusan 21-24 mm, yana da nau'i mai zagaye. Yana fasalin burgundy ko ja mai launin shuɗi tare da ƙananan dige. Yana da kauri kananan 'ya'yan itace kara. Dutse, wanda aka nuna a sama, yana da adadin kusan 0.33-0.34 g., Hoton launin ruwan kasa mai haske. Yana barin ɓangaren litattafan almara da kyau. Ɓangaren litattafan almara kanta ja ne mai launi tare da ƙima mai kyau. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari masu laushi ne sosai, da daɗi da kyau

Wannan iri-iri blooms quite marigayi, bi da bi, da kuma berries an sung da. 'Ya'yan itacen yana farawa kimanin shekaru 5 bayan dasa. Yawan amfanin ƙasa ya ninka sosai, kimanin 100 Ts / ha, kuma a cikin shekara mai kyau zata iya zama 300 Ts / ha. Wannan iri-iri ne da-pollinated.

Wannan nau'in cherries ba shi da kasawa mai rauni, ban da gaskiyar cewa 'ya'yan itaciyar na iya fasa cikin yanayi mai laushi, amma wannan ba koyaushe yake faruwa ba, wanda ke shafar wannan nau'in ceri mai daɗi sosai kuma mazauna bazara da yawa suna son sa.

Abvantbuwan amfãni na Tyutchevka iri-iri:

• Resistance ga cututtuka da yawa.
• Berries suna da kyakkyawan jigilar kayayyaki, wanda ke ba da damar jigilar su a cikin nisa mai nisa.
• Wani nau'in ceri ne mai yawan amfanin ƙasa.
• Wannan ire-iren shine isar da kai, wanda ke da tasirin gaske akan kayan masarufi, amma idan an sami ƙarin pollinators, wannan zai ƙara adadin berries kawai.
• Bishiyar sanyi
• A berries ne m da kuma dadi.

Bambancin Revna

Berriesan itacen wannan bishiyar, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna da girman matsakaici, babu ƙarami ko babba, suna yin kimanin gram 4.5. Siffar 'ya'yan itacen yana sanannen ɗakin kwana tare da gamsai mai zagaye. Launin launi na berries yana burgundy, kuma yayin cikakken narkarda shi kusan baki ne. A ɓangaren litattafan almara ne mai zurfi ja, wajen mai yawa. Ya na da matsakaiciyar sikeli. Kashi ya bar ɓangaren litattafan almara daidai, yana da launin ruwan kasa mai haske. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne masu laushi masu daɗi.

Wannan bishiyar ta fara yin 'ya'ya tun kimanin shekaru 5 bayan dasa shuki. Yana fara yin fure a cikin ƙarshen Mayu, amma 'ya'yan itãcen sun girma sosai a ƙarshen Yuli.

Wannan iri-iri na da-na-sa-in-sa, amma treesarin bishiyoyi don pollination, kamar wasu varietiesanyen cherries ko or cherry Iput, zasu inganta haɓaka kawai. Matsakaicin mafi girma shine kimanin Tsakanin 120 Ts / ha, amma matsakaita kusan 70 Ts / ha.

Wannan iri-iri yana girma da sauri, matsakaici tsayi, kambi ba shi da girma sosai a kaman dala. Dukkanin berries suna bayyana a jerin fure na itace. Ganyen m mai zurfi na launin kore mai zurfi, suna da kauri lokacin farin ciki, petioles ƙanana ne kaɗan. A cikin inflorescence akwai furanni 4 na fararen launuka, waɗanda suke da yardar kansu a tsakanin su. Stamens da pistils iri daya ne a girman.

Babu wasu aibi bayyane da za a iya bayyana su.

Fa'idodin Revna Abinda zai biyo baya:

• A wannan darajin kunar rana a jiki ba a nuna ba.
• Berries daidai jigilar sufuri a kan nesa mai nisa.
• Babban ingancin berries dangane da bayyanar da dandano.
• A matsayinka na mai mulkin, cututtukan fungal daban-daban ba su shafan wannan bishiyar.
• Babban tsananin juriya.

Siffofin dasa cherries a cikin gari

Duk cherries, cikakken ba tare da togiya ba, ƙaunar ƙasa mai kyau da hasken rana mai kyau. Soilasar da ba a ke so tayi girma cherries, kamar cherries, sune sandstones da loams. Wurin saukowa shafin yana buƙatar zaɓar nutsuwa. Hakanan ana buƙatar cewa gidajenku sun riga sun samu da yawa iri cherries lokaci daya na furewa domin wadannan shukokin zasu iya gurbata tsakanin su.

Dasa cherries ko cherries a cikin unguwannin bayan gari ya kamata a aiwatar da bazara. Don shirya ƙasar don namowa, dole ne ka manta cewa tushen kwance na kowane iri-iri ya kasance zurfin 35-85 cm, kuma waɗanda suke tsaye suna hawa zuwa mita 2.5. Sabili da haka, mafi kyawun zaɓi shine a yi abubuwan da ke tafe: a ƙasa, maimakon rami, yi dasa shuki.

A cikin ramin da aka yi, 1/3 dole ne a zuba shi tare da cakuda takin mai magani da ƙasa. Kafin tashi, ana kafa shafi a ƙasa daga ramin. Sannan, an yi ƙaramar motsi a tsakiyar, ana sanya seedling a ciki kuma an saita shi a kan layi, bayan haka an haƙa rami, zai bar kusan 6-6 cm sama da ƙasa. A ƙarshen dasa, ana shayar da ƙasa.

Kyakkyawan nesa tsakanin bishiyoyi ya zama kimanin m 6. Yana da kyau a yi nisa sosai a tsakaninsu, in ba haka ba to kuwa itatuwan da suka riga sun girma sun fara ɓoye junan su.

Yadda za a kula da cherries a cikin karkara:

• Duk wani nau'in cherries, kamar cherries, mara kyau ne ga ciyawa mai ciyawa, saboda haka ya zama dole a lokaci-lokaci yin matakan kulawa a kusa da bishiyoyi.
• Don kare berries daga tsuntsaye, ana buƙatar rufe bishiyun da zangon lambu.
• Bishiyoyi ba su da saukin kamuwa ga dukkan cututtukan cututtukan fungal, amma ana ɗaukar matakan kariya a matsayin matakan kariya: ta amfani da matattarar bakararre, ingantaccen girki, fesawa tare da hanyoyin kariya daban-daban, da walƙatar haske na shekara-shekara.
• Ana shayar da ceri da ceri, yawanci sau uku a shekara.
• Dasa tsakanin cherries na nau'ikan tsire-tsire suna kare su daga sanyi a cikin hunturu. Hakanan, kowace kaka, ya wajaba don kunsa itatuwa tare da takarda kuma a cikin hunturu ƙara dusar ƙanƙara don hana cherries daskarewa.
• Don ciyar da kyawawan cherries da cherries, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana amfani da taki ruwa a hade tare da takin mai magani don bishiyoyi. Amma ba a ƙara yin suturar miya a ƙarƙashin kwalin kanta, an ajiye shi kusa da shi.
• Kowace bazara, wajibi ne don datsa bishiyoyi kuma cire rassan bushe, bushe da marasa lafiya. Hakanan a cikin kaka da bazara wajibi ne don farar fata.

A cikin wannan labarin, mun bincika mafi kyawun nau'in cherries mai dadi don dasawa a cikin yankin Moscow da kuma tsakiyar tsakiyar Rasha. Kiyaye duk ka'idodin dasa shuki da kula da bishiyoyi, zaku iya samun wadataccen girbi na waɗannan m berries da m. M shiri don hunturu, da kariya daga kwari da rigakafin cutar Bayar da gidaje tare da kyawawan bishiyoyi masu kyau na shekaru masu zuwa. Kuma da yake an shuka iri da suka girma a lokuta daban-daban a cikin lambun ku, zaku iya samar da kanku tare da berries mai daɗi don duk lokacin bazara kuma ku shirya matsawa na tsawon shekara.