Hanya mafi sauki don shuka faski tushen itace, kodayake yawancin yan lambu saboda wasu dalilai sunfi son dangin ganye dasu. Babban matsalar anan shine fitar da tsiran seedlingsa seedlingsan a cikin dacewar lokaci. Zai fi wahala a sami ingataccen amfanin gona na seleri. Amma parsnip - al'adun marasa fassara, duk da haka, 'ya'yan sa ba sa shuka da kyau.
Umbrella, ko Seleri, ko Seleri (Umbelliferae)Hadin dangi
Fasahar aikin gona na seleri, faski da faski iri ɗaya ne. Yawan amfanin ƙasa da ingancin amfanin gona sun dogara da iri-iri. Waɗannan al'adun biyun shekara ne. Amma a cikin shekara ta biyu an barsu kawai don samun tsaba. Af, ba lallai ba ne don cire duk tushen albarkatun gona, wasu na iya overwinter a cikin ƙasa, idan an kiyaye su daga ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwaƙwalwa, ana iya kiyaye yanayin sanyi da tsawan tsawo.
Yana da matukar muhimmanci a zaɓi wurin da ya dace don girma. Shuka fasnips, faski, seleri a cikin rana, yankin da ake da lit, tare da horar da ƙasa mai dausayi. Kusan tsayayyen ruwan karkashin kasa ko tururuwar danshi, waɗannan albarkatun gona ba zasu iya tsayawa ba. Yanayin kasar gona ya kamata ya kasance kusa da tsaka tsaki. Humus (1 guga a 1 sq M) an dage farawa a cikin ridges kawai a cikin fall, gabatarwar sabo taki bashi yarda. A cikin kaka, da ridges suna cike da itace ash (0.5 l a kowace 1 sq M) da superphosphate (30 g da 1 sq M). Parsnip, faski, seleri amsa da kyau ga ruwa da kuma miya miya: don samun 'ya'yan itace masu ingancin shuka, ya kamata ku ciyar da maganin mullein a ƙarshen Mayu kuma a ƙarshen Yuli wani jiko na ganye tare da tushen tushe mai tsayi (melilot, thistle da dandelion). Wadannan ganyayyaki suna da wadataccen abinci a cikin potassium da phosphorus. Har ila yau amfani yana hakar itacen ash.
Za'a iya samun amfanin gona mai inganci ne kawai idan za'a iya samun ƙwayoyin tsiro da ƙananan ciyayi a cikin lokaci. Yi amfani da ƙarin kofe a menu na bazara. Wannan ya shafi ba kawai ga faski da seleri ba, har ma da parsnip, wanda ke da dandano mai ɗanɗano. Ba a amfani da jami'ai masu guba don sarrafa kwari da cututtuka akan waɗannan albarkatun gona ba, kuma tsirrai da kansu, suna sakin mai mai, suna tsoratar da maƙiyansu. An hana rigakafin cututtuka. Kafin yin shuka, ya zama dole don kula da ƙasa da tsaba tare da maganin potassiumgangan. Hakanan wajibi ne don dacewa da fasaha na gona da jujjuyawar amfanin gona. Ba za a yi amfani da membobin wannan dangi a cikin yin haɗin gwiwa tare da juna ba.
Sakamakon babban abun ciki na mai mai mahimmanci, ƙwayar fasnip, faski da seleri suna da wuya-iri-iri, don haka ana jika su na tsawon awanni 3 kafin shuka, canza ruwa sau 2-3, bushe, kuma gadon da aka dasa yana birgima bayan shuka. To, don riƙe danshi, sun rufe da fim. Zai fi kyau a riƙe ƙwaya a cikin kayan bushewa har sai seedlings ya ciji, sannan a dasa su a ƙasa.
Faski
Shuka tsaba ne da za'ayi kafin hunturu ko farkon bazara a cikin pre-shirye ridges. Lingsalingsan itace dole ne su zama na bakin ciki ta hanyar 8-10 cm kuma kusan ba sa cire ganye. Kawai a wannan yanayin, zaku iya samun amfanin gona mai inganci. Faski ne unpretentious, sanyi-resistant. A wani matakin farko, yana da matukar muhimmanci a sassauta kasar gona da sako.
Girbi yana farawa a watan Agusta, an gama shi kawai kafin sanyi. Partangare na tushen amfanin gona an bar don hunturu don bazara amfani, gado yana mulched da peat ko bushe ganye. Yawancin tushen amfanin gona ana iya barin don hunturu don tilasta ganye. Don wannan, an zaɓi amfanin gona mafi girma, an shafe shi tare da kyalle mai bushe kuma an dasa shi cikin tukwane tare da yashi mai kauri ko ƙasa mai laushi, ƙasa mai laushi.
Faski (faski)Faski yana amsawa da kyau ga mahalli tare da amfanin gona irin su tumatir, bishiyar asparagus, radish. Ana amfani da nau'ikan Tushen azaman tsire-tsire a cikin shinge na haɗin gwiwa tare da tumatir mai tsayayye.
An saka nau'ikan fasalin guda 10 na rootasa a cikin Rijistar Jiha na nasarorin zaɓi waɗanda aka yarda don amfani. Daga cikin su akwai farkon nau'ikan sukari da dama, tsakiyar-kaka - Gabas, Isch Konika, Piquant, Harvest, Final; matsakaici-marigayi - Lyubasha; lokacin girki - Alba da Olomuncka.
Seleri
Alas, mutane da yawa lambu yi imani da cewa yana da matukar wuya a girma high quality-tushen seleri. A zahiri, kawai kuna buƙatar zaɓar iri-iri da ya dace kuma ku lura da tsauraran ka'idojin narkar da kayan rikitarwa. Kwarewa ya nuna cewa a tsakiyar layi, ana sarrafa madaidaicin matsakaitan matsakaitan sifa. Manyan, albarkatun gona masu zagaye masu nauyi zuwa 2 kilogiram ba sa samar da ƙarin ƙananan ƙananan asalinsu. Irin wadannan albarkatun gona basu da voids a ciki. Lokacin aiki, ɓangaren litattafan almara suna riƙe da kyakkyawan farin launi. Tushen Tushen sizean ƙaramin girman (har zuwa 500 g) suna samar da nau'ikan Egor (tsakiyar-ripening), Maxim (marigayi ripening), da Masara Akidar (farkon farkon).
Ana samun amfanin gona mai inganci ta shuka shuka a farkon Maris a kwantena. Suna pre-soaked tsawon awanni 3 a cikin ruwa mai dumi tare da Bugu da ƙari na potassiumgangan, sannan a wanke, dan kadan an bushe kuma a yayyafa shi a kan ƙasa mai cike. Daga sama, tsaba suna da sauƙi, alama ce kawai, an yayyafa shi da yashi, an rufe shi da gilashi kuma a sanya shi a cikin wurin mai dumi. Lingsalingsan itace tare da ganyayyaki na hakika 1-2 suna rayuwa cikin tukwane kuma suka girma akan taga sill mai haske har sai dasa shuki akan gado. Bayar da shayarwa na yau da kullun da ingantaccen haske. Abu ne wanda ba a ke so ya ba da kayan miya. Tsire-tsire ba za su shimfiɗa ba idan a watan Afrilu aka sauya su zuwa baranda mai walƙiya.
Seleri (Seleri)Ana shuka 'yan ƙwaya a cikin ƙasa buɗe (ganye 6-7). Seleri shine al'adun sanyi, amma yana da kyau a ɓoye tsire-tsire daga lokacin sanyi. Idan an shafa su, ya zama dole a shayar da tsire-tsire tare da bayani na shirye-shiryen epinextra. Tushen seleri yana buƙatar babban yanki, saboda haka ana shuka tsire-tsire ta hanyar farauta bisa ga tsarin 30x30 cm.
Seleri shine kayan lambu mai ƙauna mai danshi kuma a cikin bushewar yanayi yana buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullun. Ya dace da ƙasa tare da ƙarancin abun ciki na nitrogen da tsaka tsaki acid.
A ƙarshen watan Agusta, ya zama dole don cire ganyen da aka murƙushe na sama don buɗe tushen wuyansa zuwa haske da iska, kuma lokacin da yanayin sanyi ya zo, yakamata a rufe tudun da seleri tare da bambaro ko hay don kare amfanin gona daga sanyi. Latterarshen, da rashin alheri, ba safai ake kiyaye su a cikin ƙasa lokacin tsananin sanyi ba, saboda haka, suna haƙa suna adana su a cikin ɗakunan ƙasa ko kuma a tilasta tilasta kore. An yanke ƙananan Tushen da ganyayyaki. A cikin ginin ƙasa, ana sanya kayan lambu masu tushe a cikin kwantena kuma an rufe shi da yashi zuwa wuyan tushe.
Kyakkyawan daki-daki mai amfani - seleri yana da sakamako mai amfani akan ci gaban kabeji da farin kabeji, kuma saboda kaddarorinta na phytoncide, yana jujjuya kwari daga waɗannan albarkatu. Magoya bayan aikin gona suna yin tsirar seleri da kabeji cikin ciyawar haɗin gwiwa.
Faski
Mafi mahimmancin sune nau'in parsnip waɗanda ke samar da kayan lambu masu tushe tare da farin ko kuma ɓangaren litattafan almara, ƙanshi mai daɗi da dandano mai daɗi.
Parsnip al'ada ce mai tsayayya da sanyi, saboda haka ana shuka tsaba a lokaci guda kamar faski. Pre-soaking na tsaba a lokacin rana zai kara iri germination. Sannan an bushe su kuma an shuka su zuwa zurfin da bai wuce 1.5 cm ba. An rufe tudun da amfanin gona tare da fim don kula da ƙurar ƙasa, in ba haka ba tsaba ba zasu yi shuka ba.
Parsnip ke tsiro da kyau a kan loamy ko yashi loamy kasa-drained kasa tare da na yau da kullum watering. Don iri tare da amfanin gona mai tsawo, ya kamata a shuka ƙasa sosai. Wannan amfanin gona bai cancanci ciyar da takin nitrogen: za a adana kayan amfanin gona da talauci ba. A cikin lokacin girma, yana da mahimmanci don dasa tsire-tsire biyu don kada saman amfanin gona ya juye kore cikin haske.
Karshi (Pastinaca)Girbi a ƙarshen kaka kafin farkon da barga sanyi. Idan farkon sanyi ya faru a farkon Satumba, ana rufe parsnips kamar seleri. Tushen Tushen ana adana shi cikin ƙasa. Partangare na tushen amfanin gona don amfani da bazara ana iya bari a gonar, mulched tare da peat ko ganye mai bushe. A cikin bazara, ana amfani da amfanin gona kafin fara ganye ya fara.
A cikin yanayin zafi, taɓa babban taro mai arziki a cikin mayuka masu mahimmanci na iya haifar da ƙonewa akan fatar, saboda haka kula da shuka sosai.
Tushen tushen amfanin gona masu kyau masu inganci ana samarwa ta sabbin nau'ikan dabino - White Stork, Culinary, Zuciya. Su ne m fifiko zuwa ga tsohon iri Round kuma Mafi duka.
A cikin parsnip zaka iya cin kayan lambu ba kawai, har ma ganye, ƙananan harbe har ma da tsaba. Ana amfani dasu a dafa abinci azaman kayan yaji don soups da manyan jita, a biredi.
