Ba tare da danshi ba, rayuwar shuka ba shi yiwuwa. Godiya ga danshi, za su iya ci, sha abubuwa masu narkar da ƙasa a cikin tsarin tushe, kuma suna cinye tsarkakakken ruwa. Kawai isasshen danshi a cikin ƙasa na iya ba da gudummawa ga yawan amfanin ƙasa, tabbatar da rayuwar shuka ta al'ada, tsawanta lokacin fure, da dai sauransu. Amma yawan adadin ruwa a cikin kasar gona da iska don mafi yawan tsire-tsire, haka kuma adadin takin mai magani, yana haifar da mummunan sakamako, har zuwa barkewar cututtukan fungal ko lalata tsarin tushen, wanda zai iya haifar da mutuƙar shuka. Zamuyi magana game da manyan kurakuran lokacin shayar da lambun, lokaci da kuma tsarin shayarwa don albarkatu daban-daban a cikin labarin.
Kurakurai a lokacin ruwa na iya haifar da mutuwar tsirrai.
1. Yin ruwa a cikin zafi
Kada a taɓa ɗebo kowane tsirrai na tsirrai a tsakiyar ranar bazara, lokacin da zafin gaske, wuta. Ban da haka na iya kasancewa tsirrai ne kawai ke girma a cikin inuwa, amma yawanci akwai 'yan irin waɗannan tsire-tsire a gonar. A lokacin da ruwa a cikin zafi, da farko, danshi evaporates quite da sauri daga ƙasa ƙasa, kuma abu na biyu, komai yadda kake shayar da shi a hankali, ƙaramin digo na ruwa har yanzu za su faɗi a cikin ganyayyaki, wanda a ƙarƙashin rinjayar hasken rana zai tafasa a zahiri a cikin ganyayyaki, forming ƙonewa. Wadannan ƙonewa ƙofar buɗewa ce don kamuwa da cuta.
2. Ruwan sanyi (kankara)
Mafi sau da yawa, ana shayar da gonar ta musamman daga magudanan ruwa, wanda ruwa ya zama kankara a zahiri bayan wasu 'yan seconds na watering. Wannan babban abin firgitarwa ne ga tsire-tsire, amma idan bishiyoyi masu 'kauri-da-fata' da ciyawa masu jure wa irin wannan shayar, to kayan lambu masu hankali suna iya jan ganyen, kamar dai daga kadan.
Ka yi kokarin shayar da gonar da ruwa warmed zuwa zazzabi dakin, amma ba zafi, ba shakka. Babu wani abu mai rikitarwa game da shi: zaka iya shigar da babban ganga (ko da yawa) akan wurin a haɓakar akalla rabin mitir, ka zana shi (su) cikin baƙar fata, ka haɗa tugun a matse ka cika ganga da ruwa. Ruwa ya ɗebo yayin rana, kuma ana iya shayar da yamma.
Bugu da kari, zaku kuma sami ruwa mai tsaftacewa, kuma idan kun sanya ganga a karkashin magudana daga rufin ku rufe ta da tarwatse don kada tarkace ya shiga ta, zaku sami ruwan sama, wanda aka saba dashi don ban ruwa na lambun (aerated) da kyauta!
3. Jirgin sama mai ƙarfi
Wani kuskure: ba wai kawai 'yan lambu ke shayar da lambun daga tiyo ba, har ma suna yin jet mai ƙarfi. Wasu sun danganta wannan da cewa ruwa yana ratsa ƙasa ba tare da yaduwa ba. Amma yin ruwa ta wannan hanyar yafi cutarwa fiye da kyau. Ruwa a karkashin matsin lamba yana rushe kasar gona, yana tonon tushen sa. Nan gaba, idan ba a rufe su da ƙasa ba, za su bushe, kuma tsirrai za su sha wahala (ƙila su mutu). Mafi kyawun zaɓi na ruwa, idan muna magana ne takamaiman game da shayarwa daga tiyo - domin ruwa daga gare shi ya gudana ta nauyi, kuma ba karkashin matsin lamba ba, to, ba za a lalata tushen ba.
Ruwa tare da rafi mai sanyi da kuma ƙaƙƙarfan rafi daga matse babban kuskure ne.
4. Babu shayarwa a ruwa
A zahiri, ya fi kyau kada ku zagi irin wannan shayarwa kuma ku aiwatar da shi kawai tare da yanayin. Misali, idan yana da laima, dan sama yayi biris, to zai fi kyau kada a shayar da tsirrai a jikin ganye, idan yayi zafi da rana, to da safe zaku iya rayar da tsirrai ta hanyar sanya shi “ruwan sama”.
Af, yana da kyau ruwa tare da yayyafa ba da maraice ba, amma da sanyin safiya. Lokacin yin ruwa tare da yayyafa da maraice, danshi yana kan ruwan warin ganye na dogon lokaci, ƙirƙirar yanayi mafi dacewa don haɓakar kamuwa da cuta na fungal. Idan ka sha ruwa da safe, da sanyin safiya ne, sa'a a ƙarfe huɗu na safe, to, tare da dumama iska a hankali da rana, ruwan zai narke a hankali ba tare da cutar da ƙyallen ganye ba.
5. Rage ɓawon burodi a kan ƙasa
Kafin fara shayar da gonar, idan ba a shayar da shi tsawon kwanaki ba, kuma ɓawon burodi ya hau kan tudun ƙasa, yana da matukar muhimmanci a fasa shi da goron fartanya. Idan ba a yi wannan ba, to ba za a tsoma ruwa nan da nan cikin ƙasa ba, adadi mai yawa da yawa zai yaɗu bisa shimfidar fuskarsa. Wannan zai haifar, da farko, zuwa asarar babban adadin danshi, kuma abu na biyu, zai iya haifar da gurɓatar da ƙasa a wuraren ɓacin rai, kuma a wasu wuraren za'a iya samun rashi laima.
6. Rage ruwa ko wuce haddi
Kamar yadda muka yi rubuce-rubuce akai-akai, komai yana buƙatar al'ada. Ruwa tare da ko dai karamin adadin ruwa ko babba zai iya haifar da rashin danshi da fari mai ban sha'awa, yunwar tsirrai ko, a takaice, wuce haddi da jujjuyawar asalin sa da fashewar cututtukan fungal.
Ruwa cikin lambun domin ƙasa ta yi ƙarancin cm cm - wannan shine yankin da tushen yawancin kayan lambu ke tsiro. Ya danganta da nau'in kasar gona, kuna buƙatar zuba daga guga har zuwa uku a kowace murabba'in mita, ya bayyana sarai cewa mai ɗaukar ƙasa, ƙasa da ruwa da kuke buƙata a lokaci ɗaya, amma yawan danshi yana ɓoyewa daga ƙasa, saboda haka kuna buƙatar yin ƙarin shayarwa (kuma akasin haka).
Rage ruwa shine mafita mai kyau ga waɗannan mazaunan bazara waɗanda basa iya shayar da lambun akan lokaci.
7. Yawan shayarwa tare da dogon hutu
Wannan galibi ana lura dashi a yankunan kewayen birni. Mun zo cikin bazara sau ɗaya a mako, da kariminci cika gonar, da juya shi cikin fadama, kuma mu bar mako guda, mu bar ta gaba ɗaya ba tare da ruwa ba don wannan lokacin. Danshi a zahiri gobe ko kwana biyu daga baya ana ciyar dashi abinci kuma ya bushe, gonar ta bushe har kwana hudu ko biyar. Wannan mara kyau ne, yana haifar da girgiza a zahiri a cikin tsire-tsire: ko dai akwai abinci mai yawa da danshi, to babu shi kwata-kwata; daga wannan akwai raguwar rigakafin shuka, barkewar cututtuka, an kirkiro 'ya'yan itace mara inganci, da sauransu.
A lokacin lokaci 'ya'yan itace ripening, irin wannan ban ruwa ne a kullum kawo hadari da wani sashe: bayan yalwatacce watering da kuka yanke shawarar gudanar da wani bayan fari, danshi shiga cikin' ya'yan itãcen mai girma yawa, kuma suka crack. Don kauce wa duk waɗannan abubuwan mamaki, ya fi kyau amfani da ban ruwa na ruwa.
Abu ne mai sauki kuma mai inganci - sun ɗauki ganga, sun ɗora shi akan tubalin da rabin mitoci, an saka 'yan leda (shambura tare da ramuka), zuba ruwa a cikin ganga tare da sanya' yan leɓe a kusa da lambun, suna kawo su ga tsirrai. Bayan haka, za ku iya zuwa gida lafiya, ganga ɗari na ɗari na iya isa har mako guda a kan gonar gona ta kadada shida, kuma yawan ruwa zai zama sifa da kammalawa. Kuna iya shayar da gonar a hankali a ƙarshen mako, kuna zubo ruwa kadan da safe da kuma ɗan maraice domin danshi ya zama cikakke a cikin ƙasa.
8. Watering ba tare da mulching
'Yan lambu sau da yawa suna ba da ruwa da safe kuma suna manta game da lambun. Da safe, ruwa yana fara motsawa sosai kuma yana faruwa cewa tsire-tsire a zahiri suna fuskantar fari tun kafin ruwa na gaba. Don rigar kasar gona da kyau tare da ban ruwa a ƙarƙashin tushe, muna bada shawara a shayar da shi da maraice, kuma bayan yin ruwa, ciyawa ƙasa gaba ɗaya. A matsayin ciyawa, zaka iya amfani da farin murfin humus, lokacin santimita mai kauri, ko, idan ba haka ba, to ƙasa ce kawai, ta bushe. Irin wannan ciyawa ta ciyawa zata adana danshi daga shakar ruwa, kuma zai daɗe a Tushen, tsire-tsire ba zai rasa danshi ba har zuwa lokacin da za'a sha ruwa na gaba.
9. Rashin ruwa bayan hadi
Bayan amfani da takin mai ma'adinai ko busassun ash, ya zama dole a shayar da kasar gona saboda abubuwan da ke cikin wadannan takin zamani ba su tashi da rana ba, amma da sauri suka shiga cikin kasar. Zai fi kyau a yi haka: da farko a kwance ƙasa, sannan a shayar da shi, kawai a bushe shi, sannan a sake shafawa a sake, a sake zuba ruwa a ciki, a zuba kamar lita biyu a ƙarƙashin kowace shuka, kuma a ƙarshen yayyafa taki da ƙasa, don haka ciko su cikin ƙasa mai laima.
10. Rage ruwa ba tare da haduwa da lokacin da aka tsara ba
'Yan lambu sau da yawa suna yin wannan kuskuren saboda rashin sani, suna shayar da dukkan kayan lambu kayan lambu iri ɗaya kuma a lõkacin da suke (lambu) suna son wannan. Don cike gibin ilimi game da shayarwa, mun shirya farantin abin da muke magana dalla-dalla game da lokacin da kuma shayar da ciyawar albarkatun kayan lambu.
Drip ban ruwa tumatir.
Zamanin ban ruwa da rarar amfanin gona daban-daban
Kabeji da wuri
- Tushen iko - matsakaici;
- Lokacin ruwa - Mayu-Yuli;
- Yawan ban ruwa - 5;
- Lokacin ruwa - kan sauka, bayan kwana uku, sannan - bayan sati daya, ya danganta da kasancewar hazo;
- Yawan ban ruwa, l / m2 - 30-32;
- Amfani da ruwa a kilo kilogram na amfanin gona, l - 9.
Marigayi kabeji
- Tushen iko - matsakaici;
- Lokacin ruwa - Mayu-Agusta;
- Yawan ban ruwa - 10;
- Lokacin ruwa - farkon ruwa lokacin da aka dasa shuki a kan makircin, ruwa na biyu bayan sati daya bayan na farko, daga na uku zuwa na uku ya sha ruwa - a yayin samuwar ganyen magarya, daga na shida zuwa na takwas ruwa - yayin kwankwantar da kai, tara da na goma sha-ruwa - tare da haɓakar fasahar kai;
- Yawan ban ruwa, l / m2 - 35-45;
- Amfani da ruwa a kilo kilogram na amfanin gona, l - 11.
Tankun farko
- Tushen iko - mai ƙarfi da alama;
- Lokacin ruwa - Mayu-Agusta;
- Yawan ban ruwa - 7;
- Lokacin ruwa - farkon ruwa - tare da samuwar ganye na gaskiya biyu ko uku, shayarwa ta biyu da ta uku - a cikin tsarin budding tare da tazara tsakanin mako guda, na hudu da na biyar - a lokacin fure tare da tazara tsakanin kwanaki biyar, na shida da na bakwai - a cikin lokaci na fruiting tare da tazara ta kwana shida. ;
- Yawan ban ruwa, l / m2 - 25-30;
- Amfani da ruwa a kilo kilogram na amfanin gona, l - 12.
Karshen cucumbers
- Tushen iko - mai ƙarfi da alama;
- Lokacin ruwa - Mayu-Satumba;
- Yawan ban ruwa - 9;
- Lokacin ruwa - farkon ruwa - a lokacin samuwar ganye biyu ko uku, shayarwa ta biyu da ta uku - a cikin tsarin budding tare da tazara tsakanin kwana biyar, ruwa na hudu da na biyar - a lokacin lokacin fure tare da tazara ta kwana huɗu, daga na shida zuwa na tara - a cikin lokaci na fruiting tare da tazara kwana biyar gwargwadon kasancewar hazo;
- Yawan ban ruwa, l / m2 - 25-35;
- Amfani da ruwa a kilo kilogram na amfanin gona, l - 15.
Albasa (seeded a cikin ƙasa)
- Tushen iko - rauni;
- Lokacin ruwa - Mayu-Agusta;
- Yawan ban ruwa - 9;
- Lokacin ruwa - karo na farko - a lokacin farkon nasara (bakin ciki), shayarwa ta biyu - bayan sati daya, shayarwa ta uku - a lokacin thinning na biyu, daga na huxu zuwa na tara - a lokacin tsawon kwan fitila tare da tazara tsakanin kwana biyar, ya danganta da kasancewar hazo;
- Yawan ban ruwa, l / m2 - 25-35;
- Amfani da ruwa a kilo kilogram na amfanin gona, l - 13.
Tumatir seedlings
- Tushen iko - mai ƙarfi;
- Lokacin ruwa - Yuni-Agusta;
- Yawan ban ruwa - 8;
- Lokacin ruwa - ya kamata a fara fitar da ruwa a lokacin da ake dasa shuki, ruwa na biyu - a lokaci na budding, na uku da na huɗu - a lokacin lokacin furanni tare da tazara tsakanin kwana uku, na biyar - a farkon samuwar 'ya'yan itaciya, daga na shida zuwa na takwas - a farkon farawa da girbi daga tazara tsakanin kwana uku ko hudu, gwargwadon kasancewar hazo;
- Yawan ban ruwa, l / m2 - 35-40;
- Amfani da ruwa a kilo kilogram na amfanin gona, l - 14.
Tumatir tumatir
- Tushen iko - mai ƙarfi;
- Lokacin ruwa - Mayu-Agusta;
- Yawan ban ruwa - 7;
- Lokacin ruwa - farkon shayarwa - bayan wani lalacewa (bakin ciki), shayarwa ta biyu - a lokacin tsintsaye, na uku da na huxu - yayin lokacin furanni tare da tazara tsakanin kwana uku, na biyar - a lokacin haihuwar 'ya'yan itace, na shida da na bakwai - a lokacin girbi da farkon girbi;
- Yawan ban ruwa, l / m2 - 30-35;
- Amfani da ruwa a kilo kilogram na amfanin gona, l - 12.
Pepper
- Tushen iko - matsakaici;
- Lokacin ruwa - Mayu-Satumba;
- Yawan ban ruwa - 10;
- Lokacin ruwa - farkon shayarwa - lokacin dasa shuki, ruwa na biyu - a lokacin lokacin bud'ewa, daga na uku zuwa na biyar - yayin lokacin fure tare da tazara ta kwana huɗu, ruwa na shida da na bakwai - a lokacin samuwar 'ya'yan itatuwa tare da tazara a mako, daga na takwas zuwa na goma - a cikin tsawon 'ya'yan itace tare da tazara na kwana uku .;
- Yawan ban ruwa, l / m2 - 30-35;
- Amfani da ruwa a kilo kilogram na amfanin gona, l - 20.
Kwairo
- Tushen iko - mai ƙarfi da alama;
- Lokacin ruwa - Mayu-Satumba;
- Yawan ban ruwa - 10;
- Lokacin ruwa - farkon shayarwa - lokacin dasa shuki, ruwa na biyu - a lokacin lokacin bud'ewa, daga na uku zuwa na biyar - yayin lokacin fure tare da tazara tsakanin kwana biyar, sha shida da na bakwai - a lokacin samuwar 'ya'yan itatuwa tare da tazara a mako, daga na takwas zuwa na goma - a cikin tsawon fruiting tare da tazara na kwana huɗu;
- Yawan ban ruwa, l / m2 - 35-40;
- Amfani da ruwa a kilo kilogram na amfanin gona, l - 22.
Karas
- Tushen iko - mai ƙarfi;
- Lokacin ruwa - Mayu-Satumba;
- Yawan ban ruwa - 5;
- Lokacin ruwa - farkon shayarwa ya dace bayan an sami nasara (bakin ciki), daga na biyu zuwa na biyar - a lokacin samarwa da haɓakar tushen albarkatu tare da tazara na kwana biyar, dangane da kasancewar hazo;
- Yawan ban ruwa, l / m2 - 30;
- Amfani da ruwa a kilo kilogram na amfanin gona, l - 8.
Beetroot
- Tushen iko - rauni;
- Lokacin ruwa - Mayu-Agusta;
- Yawan ban ruwa - 5;
- Lokacin ruwa - farkon shayarwa ya dace bayan bakin ciki, daga na biyu zuwa na biyar - a lokacin samarwa da haɓakar tushen albarkatu tare da tazara na kwana huɗu, dangane da kasancewar hazo;
- Yawan ban ruwa, l / m2 - 35;
- Amfani da ruwa a kilo kilogram na amfanin gona, l - 9.
Dankali na dasa shuki
- Tushen iko - rauni;
- Lokacin ruwa - Mayu-Satumba;
- Yawan ban ruwa - 4;
- Lokacin ruwa - farkon shayarwa - a cikin lokacin farawar, ruwa na biyu - a lokacin lokacin fure, na uku da na hudu - a cikin lokacin tuberization tare da tazara na mako guda dangane da kasancewar hazo;
- Yawan ban ruwa, l / m2 - 35-40;
- Amfani da ruwa a kilo kilogram na amfanin gona, l - 8.
Dankali lokacin rani
- Tushen iko - rauni;
- Lokacin ruwa - Mayu-Satumba;
- Yawan ban ruwa - 6;
- Lokacin ruwa - na farko, na biyu da na uku - bayan fitowar shuka tare da tazara na kwana huɗu, sha na huɗu - a cikin lokacin buɗe ido, na biyar da na shida - a cikin tsarin tuberization tare da tazara na mako guda dangane da kasancewar hazo;
- Yawan ban ruwa, l / m2 - 40-45;
- Amfani da ruwa a kilo kilogram na amfanin gona, l - 10.
Tabbas, koyaushe kuna buƙatar mai da hankali ga yanayin. Misali, idan ruwan sama mai kyau ya wuce, kuma lokaci ya yi da za ku shayar da tsirrai, to lallai ba lallai ba ne ku yi hakan; ya yi akasin haka, idan akwai wani ɗan gajeren lokaci da ƙaramin ruwan sama, to, dole ne a aiwatar da ruwa dole, tunda irin wannan ruwan sama zai iya rigar kawai saman ƙasa, kuma a cikin tushen yankin ƙasa zai kasance bushe.
