Goryanka wani tsiro ne mai tsinkaye na dangin barry. Ana samun Epimedium a Asiya da kuma ƙasashe da yawa na Yammacin Turai. Tana girma a cikin Turkiyya, Croatia, China, Japan da Russia. A Holland, ana kiran shuka da "fure na elves." A kasarmu, ana kiranta goryanka, tunda shuka tayi girma a tsaunika da kan tudu.
Babban bayani
A halin yanzu, akwai nau'ikan epimedium kusan 50, kuma wannan ya wuce iyaka, tunda kusan kowace shekara botanists suna gano sabbin nau'ikan haushi.
An yi amfani da tsire-tsire a cikin maganin jama'a don magance hauhawar jini, rasa haihuwa, rashin ƙarfi, raɗaɗin haɗin gwiwa da kuma cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta. Baya ga kaddarorin magungunan, shuka shima yana da kayan ado, godiya ga wanda yan lambu ke matukar kaunar lambu, suna shirya makircinsu da shi.
Domin epimedium ya girma na rayayye, haɓaka da jin daɗi da yawan fure, yakamata a sa ido sosai, lura da duk umarnin ƙwararrun lambu.
Iri da nau'in haushi
Goryanka manyan-flowered - yana girma a Japan da kuma gabashin yankin tamu. Wannan nau'in shine mafi yawan jama'a a Rasha. Dankin yana da sanyi mai tsauri, amma a cikin sanyi da kuma dusar ƙanƙara mai sanyi, ƙwararren jakar yana buƙatar ƙarin dumama. Dankin yana da manyan faranti na ganye tare da nuna farin tagulla. Furanni Epimedium na iya zama ko launin fari ko dusar ƙanƙara fari.
Koriyan Goryanka - shuka ya girma a cikin Cambodia, Korea, China da Mongolia. Itace shuki mai shuki mai duhu mai duhu. Shuka tayi fure a watan Mayu kuma tana da kyawawan furanni masu kyau na furannin Lilac. Goryanka ya bambanta da juriya na sanyi da juriya ga cututtuka daban-daban. Epimedium na wannan nau'in ya tsiro sannu a hankali, yana ƙara santimita 2 a shekara.
Arrowhead Goryanka - kore ne mai girma a cikin Algeria a tsakanin itatuwan al'ul da itacen oak. An bambanta shuka da wani kambi mai yawa tare da duhu kore elongated leafy faranti tare da nuna ƙare. Goryanka na fure a watan Mayu. Ana karɓar inflorescences a cikin goge mai kwance tare da ƙananan furanni rawaya tare da iyakar iyaka.
Goryanka ja - wannan nau'in ya bambanta da sauran a cikin manyan harbe na tsaye, wanda ya kai santimita 40 a tsayi. Akwai leavesan ganye kaɗan akan su, amma wannan babban kashewa ne da yawancin furanni mai sautin biyu tare da kayan adon ja masu furanni masu launin shuɗi a tsakiyar. Abubuwan inflorescences na Epimedium sunyi ƙanana, diamitarsu ba ta wuce santimita 1.5 ba.
Goryanka Colchis - shuka yana girma a cikin dazuzzukan Caucasian. Wannan sako ne da aka sako tare da faranti masu launin kore mai duhu. Goryanka yana yaduwa ta hanyar yada tsarin tushe. Ana tattara furanni cikin goge tare da furanni masu launin shuɗi na 10-15 a cikin kamannin kama da orchid.
Goryanka na kasar Sin - Itatuwan ya girma a China. Goryanka na wannan nau'in daji ne mai yawa wanda ke da manyan koren ganye mai duhu wanda aka jefa dan kadan a cikin tagulla. Flowersan ƙananan furanni masu launin shuɗi a tattara a cikin goge mai rataye. A cikin bayyanar, suna kama da orchid.
Goryanka Amber Sarauniya
Epimedium na wannan nau'in yana da matsakaicin girman haɓaka da kyakkyawan juriya na sanyi. Goryanka blooms profusely, tare da inflorescences na gilashin haske haske. Leaf faranti ne lanceolate, matsakaici a girma, koren duhu a launi. A shuka blooms a watan Mayu, amma wani lokacin blooms akai-akai a cikin marigayi Yuni da farkon Yuli.
Goryanka kakaf - yana girma a Japan da kuma tsiriyyar gabashin kasarmu. Duk da gaskiyar cewa shuka tayi haƙuri da sanyi sosai, tana buƙatar ware ta domin hunturu. Epimedium yana da faranti masu launin kore mai duhu tare da launuka na tagulla. Furannin furanni suna da yawa tare da shunayya ko farar fata.
Goryanka ja kyakkyawa - wani nau'in yanayi ne wanda ba kasafai yake bambanta da sauran cikin kyawawan furanni da ba a saba dasu ba, wanda aka tattara cikin gogewar 12-18 purple-lilac inflorescences. Tsawon daji ya kai santimita 30. Takaddun falle na ganye suna da inuwa mai duhu duhu mai rufi tare da tagulla. A iri-iri ne sosai tsayayya da cututtuka da kuma rashin yanayin zafi.
Goryanka - tsiro ne na zamani a cikin Algeria. Epimedium sananne ne saboda lokacin farin ciki mai duhu mai duhu na ganye tare da tukwici mai kaifi. Goryanka na fure a watan Mayu. Inflorescences a cikin "fure na elves" suna da haske mai launin rawaya mai haske tare da iyakar ja.
Goryanka mai gajere - ganye ne na zamani tare da duhu kore dissected ganye ruwan wukake. Furannin tsire-tsire suna kama da taurari kuma suna da launin ruwan hoda mai duhu. Goryanka yana girma a cikin Caucasus, Japan, Turkey da China, sun fi son farar-dutsen da dutsen daji mai danshi.
Goryanka lilafeya - inji yana da ciyawar koren duhu mai duhu, daga cikin kyawawan furannin da ba a sani ba na bakin kwalliyar Lilac mai duhu akan shinge mai tsayi da aka tara a goge. Dankin yana fure a watan Mayu na tsawon kwanaki 16-20.
Goryanka orange kenigen
Gidan daji na shuka ya kai tsawon santimita 50. An yi wa ado da manyan manyan ganye mai duhu, wanda tare da isowar kaka kaka samo launin ja. Itace tana da saurin girma, amma a lokaci guda tana iya kamuwa da cuta kuma baya jure sanyi. Furannin Goryanka suna da yawa tare da fure mai haske.
Goryanka ɗan ƙasa - plantwanin yana da perenni tare da fararen duhu kore fararen faranti da shuɗi furanni masu kama da ƙananan taurari. Epimedium blooms a watan Mayu.
Macijin Wuta Epimedium - daji ya kai tsayin 30 zuwa 40 santimita. Goryanka na wannan iri-iri ne mai herbaceous perennial tare da duhu kore manyan ganye tare da m kan iyaka tare da gefen. Furanni suna da launin ruwan hoda-ja-mai launin shuɗi tare da tsaran aiki. Lokacin fure a Epimedium yana daga watan Afrilu zuwa Mayu.
Goryanka mai launin launi da yawa - wani hadadden tsari ne mai yawan gaske-kuma mai dauke da jini na colchis epimedium. Ganyen kore mai duhu duhu ya kai kimanin santimita 30 a tsayi, yana samar da kambi mai ƙyalƙyali a cikin shuka. Goryanka na fure a watan Mayu. Goryanka yana halin rashin haƙuri. Furanni na iya samun yaddar launin shuɗi ko shunayya.
Goryanka Yugasumi - inji yana fi son wuraren Inuwa kuma an bambanta shi da manyan furanni masu fure kamar kwari. Ganyen suna da girma, kore mai duhu a launi tare da ƙaramin tagulla. Epimedium na wannan nau'ikan fure-fure a watan Mayu.
Goryanka Galadriel - An bambanta wannan nau'ikan ta furanni ruwan hoda mai ban mamaki da fararen fata. An samo su a kan bakin gado na 10-15 na inflorescences a cikin goga. Takaddun faranti suna da fasalin asali kuma suna da launin shuɗi mai duhu tare da ƙetaren burgundy. Goryanka blooms a watan Mayu, karin tare da mai yawa kananan, kyau inflorescences. Dankin ya dace da gadaje na fure da gadaje na fure.
Goryanka dasa da kulawa a cikin bude ƙasa
Goryanka an dauki shi wani unpretentious perennial. Zai iya girma duka a cikin bude fili, hasken rana, kuma a cikakke shading a ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi, duk ya dogara da nau'in shuka. Koyaya, ya fi kyau dasa epimedium a inuwa m. Don wannan dalili, zaɓi wani shafi a ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi ko bushes ta cikin ganyayyaki wanda hasken rana zai faɗi akan goryanka.
Lokacin zabar wani wuri don dasawa, ya kamata ka tsaya a babban gado, tunda shuka yana da ikon girma, saboda wannan dalili ya wajaba barin wuri a ajiye. Zai fi kyau shuka epimedium a kan tsauni, saboda haka, a ƙarƙashin daji, ruwa ba zai tururuwa ba, kuma shuka ba zai mutu daga jujjuyawar tushen sa ba.
Hakanan yana da daraja la'akari da cewa goryanka ba sa son waterlogging na ƙasa, don haka watering ya kamata ya zama matsakaici. Dole ne a kiyaye gado akan abin da za'a girka goryanka daga iska.
Kiyaye waɗannan ka'idodi masu sauƙi, zaku sami damar shuka kyakkyawan shuka, wanda shekaru zasu faranta muku rai da yawan furanni da tasirin adon ta.
Bessera kuma ana girma yayin dasa shuki da jinya a cikin ƙasa buɗe. Dankin yana da fure mai ban sha'awa wanda ke farawa a ƙarshen bazara kuma ya ƙare a tsakiyar kaka. Ba abu ne mai wahala ba cikin kulawa, amma har yanzu suna kauna lokacin da suka kiyaye wasu ka'idodi na fasahar aikin gona. Kuna iya samun duk shawarwarin da suka dace don haɓaka da kulawa a cikin wannan labarin.
Watara goryanka
Don daidaituwa na al'ada da haɓakar Epimedium, ƙasa mai dausayi ta dace. Kusan kashi arba'in cikin dari na nau'in shuka suna jure wa fari kuma kusan basa buƙatar shayarwa. Amma har yanzu, yawancin goryanka ya kamata a shayar da sau ɗaya a wata.
A cikin makonni biyu na farko bayan dasa shuki, ana buƙatar shayar da shuka kowane kwana uku. Idan bazara sosai m kawo ruwa a karkashin bushes, shi wajibi ne sau ɗaya a kowane mako biyu. Dankin yana buƙatar ƙarin yawan ruwa a lokacin fure. Idan baku shayar da epimedium kwata-kwata, ba zai mutu ba, amma kayan kayan adonsa zasu ragu.
Ilasa don goryanka
Epimedium an dauke shi tsire-tsire ne marasa misalwa, saboda haka yana iya girma cikin kowane ƙasa.
Amma duk da wannan, ya kamata ka zaɓi wani shafi don dasa shuki tare da ƙasa mai yanko da sako-sako. Zai fi kyau idan ƙasa ta kasance turɓayar ƙasa ko dabbar yumɓu. Hakanan yakamata ya kyale iska ta ratsa ta kuma yana da tsaka tsakin rashin ruwan ciki kamar na abin da ya samo asali a yanayin halitta.
Juyawa Goryanka
Ana aiwatar da dasa shuki a cikin bazara kafin fure. Ya zama dole a yanayin idan goryanka ya girma kuma ya zama ƙarami akan gado ko ya girma a wuri guda fiye da shekaru 7-8.
Don dasawa da shi, ya kamata ka ɗauki sabon shafin tare da ƙasa mai dausayi, tono rami don dasawa daji da canja wurin goryanka tare da dunƙule "ɗan ƙasa" zuwa sabon wuri. Bayan dasawa, ya kamata a shayar da shuka sau ɗaya a mako don kwanaki 14. Hakanan, kafin fure, epimedium dole ne yayi takin.
Ciyar da goryanka
Bayan dasawa da shayarwa, epimedium yana buƙatar hadi, wanda zai ba da gudummawa ga fure a gaba. Koyaya, yana da daraja la'akari da gaskiyar cewa shuka ba ta buƙatar taki musamman. Ya isa don aiwatar da ciyawar ƙasa a kewayen bushes na tsaunin a kowace bazara.
Epimedium, ko kuma wajen, ganyaye a jikinta kyakkyawan tsari ne na kayan gargajiya. Kafin hunturu, ya sauke karamin adadin ganye, wanda a shekara mai zuwa zai maye gurbin farin ciyawa. Tun da shuka a cikin daji yayi girma a cikin tsaunika, kuma daidai da ƙasa akwai rashin haihuwa, ya kula da ciyar da kansa.
Haushi da haushi
Yawancin nau'ikan tsire-tsire suna girma a watan Mayu. Tsawon lokacin girma daga ranakun 16 zuwa 20 kenan. Amma akwai kuma irin haushi wanda ya tashi daga tsakiyar Afrilu zuwa ƙarshen Mayu.
Ana karɓar inflorescences na shuka a cikin goge na furanni 10-15. Launinsu na iya zama launin shuɗi, Lilac, rawaya, ja da fari. Furanni galibi suna kama da orchids ko ƙananan m kwari.
Goryanka pruning
Ba lallai ba ne a datsa shuka, amma domin goryanka don kar a rasa tasirin kayan ado, har yanzu tana buƙatar kulawa kaɗan. Bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke kuma dusar ƙanƙara ta tsaya, ya kamata a yanke duk ɗanyen ganye na bara. Bayan ɗan lokaci, sababbin ganye za su bayyana wanda zai kasance mafi haske da kyau fiye da shekarar da ta gabata.
Koyaya, wannan hanya ya kamata a aiwatar da shi kawai lokacin da sanyi ya tsaya, in ba haka ba, faranti matasa faranti zasu sha wahala sosai.
Ana shirya goryanka don hunturu
Kashi tamanin cikin dari na tsire-tsire suna halin karuwar juriya na sanyi, amma duk da haka, ya kamata a kula dasu don tsari a cikin hunturu. Don kare tushen daga daskarewa, ƙasa a kusa da daji ya kamata a rufe shi da ganye mai ganye. Matasa tsire-tsire sun fi kyau rufe takin.
A cikin bazara, da zaran dusar ƙanƙara ta faɗo, dole ne a cire mafaka ta yadda tsarin tushen ba ya toshewa kuma tsire bai mutu ba.
Goryanka yaduwa ta hanyar rarraba daji
Shrub rabo ne mai sauqi qwarai. Don yin wannan, ba kwa buƙatar buƙatar tono shuka na iyaye, kawai saƙa dogon wuka, tono shi cikin ƙasa kuma fitar da mahimmancin daji.
Sannan ya kamata a haƙa shi kuma a ƙaura zuwa wani sabon wuri.
Goryanka girma daga tsaba
Yankin shuka shine mafi wahalar, saboda lokacin da tsaba suka bushe, sai suka yi asarar shuka. A saboda wannan dalili, wajibi ne a shuka tsaba kai tsaye bayan tarin su. Godiya ga wannan fasalin, tsire-tsire suna yaduwa ta hanyar shuka kansu a cikin gonar.
A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, epimedium yana sake haifuwa ta hanyar tsallake-tsallake, kuma idan an ƙirƙira irin waɗannan yanayi don ita a gonar, sakamakon na iya zama mai ban mamaki sosai da kuma tsararraki masu zurfi waɗanda ba za su iya zama na musamman ba, har ma suna da kyau sosai.
Cutar da kwari
Kiyaye mace mai yawan farauta daga cututtuka da kwari ba lallai ba ne, tun da yake ya zama dole gare su. Iyakar abin da abokan gaba na shuka su ne slugs cin matasa foliage.
Kuna iya kawar da su ta hanyar mulching tare da bambaro, sanya tarko ko tattara karin kwari da hannu.
Goryanka warkar da kaddarorin
Epimedium yana da kima da amfani. Tushen Goryanka da ganye suna da wadatar glycosides, saponins, steroids, flavonoids da alkaloids. Na farko da zaiyi magana game da warkaswar warkar da tsirrai a Asiya, a can ne kuma suka fara sanya su.
Goryanka yana da tasirin tasirin cuta da cuta, sannan kuma ingantomodulator ne na ɗabi'a, wanda yafi ingantaccen ƙwayoyinta magunguna.
Abubuwan warkarwa na warin haushi ga maza
Wannan tsire-tsire yana da amfani musamman ga rabin ɗan adam mai ƙarfi. Yana ba ku damar yaƙi da lalata erectile kuma yana da tasirin gaske akan maniyyi, ƙara yawan maniyyi kuma, gwargwadon haka, damar haɓaka ƙwai. Tunda magunguna na tushen epimedium suna haɓaka kwararar jini, ana amfani dasu cikin nasara cikin maganin rashin ƙarfi. A cikin Japan, an ƙara cirewa daga goryanka zuwa Viagra.
Abubuwan warkarwa na warin haushi ga mata
Itatuwa kuma yana da amfani ga mata. Ana amfani da kayan ado da infusions dangane da epimedium don menopause. Suna ba ku damar tsara tsalle-tsalle na jini, haka nan kuma zazzage fitilun wuta da canje-canje kwatsam a yanayi. Shayi na tushen tsiro yana haɓaka aikin kwakwalwa da natsuwa, yana ƙaruwa da martanin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa a cikin kwakwalwa. Hakanan, irin wannan abin sha yana ba ku damar tsarkake jikin gubobi da gubobi.
Contraindications goryanka
Koyaya, akwai contraindications don amfanin shuka. Ba za a iya amfani da shi ta hanyar iyaye mata masu zuwa da masu zuwa ba, da kuma mutane masu cututtuka na tsarin endocrine.
Goryanka furen fure ne mai kyawu mai kyawu kuma mai kyawu, aduniya tare da yawa daga murfin ganye da kuma ƙyalli. Ta hanyar dasa wannan shuka mai ban mamaki a cikin lambun ku, zaku iya sha'awar kyakkyawarsa ba kawai a lokacin rani ba, har ma a cikin bazara da bazara, kuma wannan ya cancanci ƙoƙari, ku yi imani da ni.
