Cancanci sunan barkwanci "upstart" don saurin haɓakar saurin ci gaba, ƙaramin albasa mai ƙanshi yana ɗaya daga cikin tsire-tsire na cikin gida mai tsananin tausayi. Zephyranthes ya ci nasara tare da tsarkakakkun launuka da sifofi, yalwar fure da unpreentiousness. Wannan ba shine mafi sauƙin albasa don girma ba, amma tabbas ɗayan mai tausayi ne mai godiya. Fari, ruwan hoda, rawaya, sautin biyu - don kowa daga cikin zephyrantes akwai wanda aka fi so.
Bazazzage
Ya fi dacewa da kyawawan marshmallows.
Wakilan kwayoyin halittar Zephyranthes sun girma kamar tsire-tsire masu girma, ba daidaituwa ba ne cewa sun sami sunan su daga marshmallows - iskar yamma (a cikin Girkanci, sunan shuka yana kama da "furewar yamma". Zephyranthes wani abu ne mai laushi, mai ban mamaki, kuma a lokaci guda ana iya ganin sa a ciki kamar iska mai kyau, fure. Shuka tayi kama da fure mai haske, tana bada cikakkiyar hujjar kamantawa. Mai hawa sama na gani da mamaki sabo ne, mai tsabta, kamar dai bada hutawa ga rai da idanun wasane. Tsarkakewa da sauki na Zephyranthes bai san daidai suke ba. Ko da a kan bango na wasu kwararan fitila na cikin gida - duka biyu kuma mafi mashahuri - har yanzu yana da alama ta musamman. Folk sunayen yara na cikakken nuna kyakkyawan ta - Lily lily, ruwan Lily, fure ruwan sama, marshmallow Lily, marshmallow fure da kawai "marshmallow".
Wannan wakilin dangin Amaryllis yana da ƙananan kwararan fitila, kuma shuka kanta ba ta da girma. Ganyen Zephyranthes mai sheki ne, mai laushi da lebur, yadudduka ko kuma layi-layi, daga 25 zuwa 40 cm tsayi.
Zephyranthes - tsire-tsire, abin mamakin saurin haɓakar peduncles. A zahiri, don kusan "nan take" girma na ciyawar fure, sun sami shahararrun sunan barkwanci "sama sama". Daga lokacin da ya bayyana saman farfajiyar kasar zuwa fure, kwanaki 2-3 ne kawai suka shude. Ba kamar yawancin masu fafatawa ba, ba inflorescences ba, amma furanni guda ɗaya sun yi fure akan ciyawar zephyranthes. Kamannin hucin gado, suna kama da muryar lily ko crocus, mai kamannin tauraro, sun kai 2-8 cm a diamita. Abin takaici, lokacin fure kowane fure yana faruwa da sauri kamar bayyanar - suna wuce kwanaki 2 kawai.
Lokacin furanni na zephyranthes ya bambanta a tsire-tsire daban-daban: yana iya yin fure biyu a cikin hunturu, da kuma bazara, da bazara.
Tsarin launi na zephyrantes ya hada da ruwan hoda, fararen fari, launuka masu rawaya cikin ingantattun juyi.
Bazazzage
Iri Zephyrantes
A cikin halittar Zephyranthes, kusan nau'ikan tsire-tsire 40. Daga cikin waɗannan, ƙasa da dozin guda biyu ana amfani da su azaman kayan ado na kayan ado. A cikin yanayin, ana iya samun wannan albasa ta musamman a cikin Caribbean, a Kudancin da Tsakiyar Amurka. Asalinsu yana da tasiri sosai ga halaye na irin waɗannan tsirrai.
Mafi yawanci ana sanyansu Zephyranthes da launinsu, suna nuna launin rawaya mai launin shuɗi, dusar ƙanƙara mai-fari da ruwan hoda, da kuma tsirrai masu launi iri biyu masu launi. Duk da gaskiyar cewa yawancin nau'ikan Zephyranthes ba a cika kulawa da komai ba, kowane nau'in bulbous yana da halaye na kansa da bambance-bambance masu bambanci a cikin tsarin furanni.
Mafi na kowa kamar yadda wani houseplant ne daidai dauke su Guatemalan endemic - marshmallows kankanta (Bazazzage minutada aka sani da Zephyranthes korani - Zephyranthes korani) Wannan ɗan ƙaramin abu ne mai ƙanƙan da girma (diamita na kwan fitila har zuwa 3 cm, tare da taqaitaccen wuyansa) tare da ganye mai fiɗa har zuwa 30 cm tsayi da fadi 0.8 cm, ya bambanta ta kyakkyawar launi mai duhu. Single mazurari-dimbin yawa furanni har zuwa 8 cm a diamita Bloom a kan peduncle har zuwa 30 cm ba ga tsawo, captivating tare da tsarkakakken ruwan hoda "alewa" sautin mai haske stamens. Manyan epwararrun Zephyranthes na fure daga Afrilu zuwa Yuli.
Zamani (Zamani) wani nau'in launin ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda tare da furanni har zuwa 7 cm a diamita. Yana makara, daga Yuli zuwa Agusta. Kwakwalwa har zuwa 4 cm a diamita suna samar da ganye mai girma har zuwa faɗin 1.5 cm. Furanni suna da ruwan hoda mai haske, sannu-sannu suna raguwa zuwa sautin paler, tare da fitila mai haske da kananzir mai haske, mai kamannin lily, mai kamannin furanni.
A ƙarƙashin sunan "farin zephyranthes" galibi yana girma Bayyanar Atamasco ko Bayyanar Atamas (Zamannan atamasco) Wannan tsararren bulbous ne mai tsinkaye tare da ganye mai duhu na bakin ciki da kuma shinge masu tsini har zuwa 25 cm tsayi, an yi masa kambi da furanni masu launin furanni har zuwa cm 8 a diamita. Thean fitila suna da ƙarami, ba a barinsu, har zuwa 2 cm a diamita, tare da taqaitaccen wuya. Kowane kwan fitila yana samar da ganye har shida. Fitar wannan nau'in yana gudana daga Afrilu zuwa kaka.
Amma mafi yawan gama gari ba irin wannan ba ne, amma babu ƙarancin jinsunan 'yan asalin ƙasashen Argentina, Paraguay da Brazil - marshmallows fari (Zephyranthes candida) Shahararren fasalin wannan zephyranthes ya kasance kunkuntar ganye kasa da cm 0,5. Flatly awl-mai siffa da sosai fleshy, sun girma har zuwa 40 cm a tsawon. Kwan fitila na wannan nau'in oval, tare da diamita na har zuwa 3 cm, tare da dogon wuya, kusan 5 cm. Peduncles suna da bakin ciki, suna fitowa daga Yuli zuwa Satumba. Furancin walƙwalwa masu kamanni da ƙyalli-dimbin yawa a cikin diamita sun kai cm 6, sau da yawa faffadan lobes ɗin da aka sake farawa kaɗan. Wadannan zephyranthes suna haifar da kyawawan kyawawan abubuwan shaye-shaye, wanda ganye ke karkacewa ta fuskoki daban-daban.
Amma kawai sanannen jinsunan, flaunting rawaya furanni - Zephyranthes Golden (Zakariya) a yau retrained a cikin hanyar Gabrantus mai tsayi (Habranthus longifolius) na halittar Gabrantus. Wannan tsiro tare da ganye mai kunkuntar duhu da furanni masu launin rawaya masu launin shuɗi zuwa 8 cm a diamita. Kwan fitila tana zagaye, to 3 cm a diamita. Ganyen suna layi ne, har zuwa 30 cm tsayi. Furen wannan zephyranthes yakan dauki dukkan hunturu.
Zephyranthes mai launi biyu-mashahuri ne - Zephyranthes mai yawa (Zakariya) Tare, bulbsan fitila mai duhu-flaky har zuwa 3 cm a diamita samar da ganye-santimita na santimita talatin da furanni guda akan kafaffun kafaɗa. An haɗu da fararen farin launi tare da wuri mai duhu a gindin furannin da mafi kyawun jijiyoyi, suna haifar da ra'ayi cewa cibiyar ceri tana rarrabe ruwa a furen. A waje launi mai launin shuɗi ne. Wannan watan Zephyranthes ne na watan Janairu a tsakiyar hunturu.
Zephyranthes kankanin (Zephyranthes minuta).
Zephyranthes fari (Zephyranthes candida).
Zamannan atamasco.
Kulawar Zephyrantes
Duk da cewa zephyranthes mafi yawan shekara duba gaba daya inconspicuous, kyau na su fure cikakken rama ga inconspicuous foliage, kuma ba irin wannan tsawon lokaci na fure. A zahiri, duk abin da ake buƙata don tashin sama shine kyakkyawan haske da lokacin hutawa cikin bushewa da sanyi, kulawa da hankali.
Lokacin hutawa
Kamar duk sauran kwararan fitila, marshmallows bai kamata a girma tare da lokacin furanni na zamani da wani yanayi mai cike da matsala ba. Lokacin hunturu na shuka ana iya juyawa kamar yadda kuke so. A lokacin dormancy, abubuwa guda uku suna da mahimmanci ga zephyranthes:
- yanayin sanyi;
- haske mai haske lokacin adana ganye da wuri mai duhu a cikin rashi;
- kusan bushe substrate.
Mafi kyawun lokacin hutawa shine watanni 2-3, amma idan kuna so, zaku iya shimfiɗa ta har tsawon. Ko da Zephyranthes sun cika shekaru da yawa a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai kyau, tsire-tsire bazai yi fure ba lokacin da aka canza su zuwa yanayin al'ada. Don wannan kwan fitila, yana da matukar muhimmanci a jira farkon girma, sannan kawai a sauya yanayin tsarewa zuwa al'ada.
Sauyi zuwa wani lokaci mai tsami ya kamata ya zama na halitta: inji da kanta ya kamata ya fara faduwa ganye, kuma bayan yellowing ɓangare na foliage, ana dakatar da sharar ruwa kawai sai an canza shuka zuwa sabon yanayi. An bar ganyayen bene ne kawai bayan bushewa mai zaman kanta, idan inji ya riƙe su (aƙalla wani ɓangaren), to, substrate bai bushe gabaɗaya ba kuma ruwa yayi ƙima, amma yana tallafawa ganye.
Haske don Zephyrantes
Waɗannan ƙananan bulan tsirara suna cikin al'adun gargajiya masu ɗaukar hoto kuma ba sa yin haƙuri ko da ƙaramin girgizawa. Zephyranthes yayi girma mafi kyau a cikin yaduwar haske mai haske. Lokacin shigar da allo masu warwatsewa, zasu iya daidaitawa a kan windowsillill na kudu da baranda mai faɗi.
Don lokacin farin ciki, idan zephyranthes ya riƙe aƙalla ɓangaren ganyayyaki, hasken ya kamata ya zama mai haske sosai. Tare da cikakken bushewar ganyayyaki, ana iya sanya tsire-tsire har ma a cikin duhu.
Mafi kyawun zaɓi don girma zephyranthes sune gabas da yammacin taga sills.
Bazazzage
Zazzabi mai nutsuwa
A lokacin haɓaka mai aiki, kowane ɗakin zazzabi zai dace da zephyranthes. Matsakaicin mafi kyau shine daga digiri 18 zuwa 25. Kwan fitila baya son zafi mai ƙarfi, fure a manyan zafin jiki yana raguwa kuma yana ƙare da sauri. A lokacin rani, ana iya fitar da sama zuwa cikin iska mai kyau, ana sanya shi a wuraren da yake da rana, amma koyaushe ana kiyaye shi daga hazo da iska.
A lokacin lalacewar, ba tare da la'akari da ko ya faɗi a cikin kaka ba, hunturu, ko ka canza shi zuwa wasu sharuɗɗa, ana buƙatar samar da shuka tare da wuri mai sanyi. Zephyranthes sun fi dacewa don fure a cikin zazzabi tsakanin 8 zuwa 12, amma idan ƙasa ta bushe, to, zephyranthes na iya jure da raguwar zazzabi zuwa sifili. Matsakaicin darajar yanayin zafi a lokacin hutawa shine digiri 15.
A lokacin rani, ba za a iya fitar da zephyranthes a cikin sabon iska ba, wanda aka fallasa a gonar, amma har ma an dasa shi a cikin ƙasa bude (dole ne a yi rami kafin farkon sanyi). Lokacin da aka dasa a cikin bazara a cikin ƙasa, tsire-tsire suna samar da kwararan fitila mafi girma, sabili da haka Bloom ya fi dacewa da shekara mai zuwa.
Watering da zafi
Zephyranthes ko da a ganiya na fure bukatun matsakaici watering. Ana shayar da wannan kwan fitila a hankali, yana barin ƙasa ta bushe tsakanin ruwa a cikin babba. Zephyrantes unpreentious to zafi, gafarta kuskure, amma yana da mafi kyau don kauce wa cikakken bushewa na kasar gona ko dampness.
Don dormancy ko a ƙananan yanayin zafi, marshmallows yana buƙatar ƙarancin shayarwa, kawai tallafawa rayuwa a cikin shuka. Yawan su kai tsaye ya dogara ne akan ko zephyranthes ya bar ta zama ko ya ɓace. Idan shuka ba ya rasa ganyayyaki gaba ɗaya, sannan haske daɗaɗɗen ruwa ana aiwatar da shi, kuma idan ganyayyaki ya juya ya zama rawaya da bushe, to an tsayar da shawo kan ruwa. Bayan sake dasawa ko dasa sabbin kwararan fitila a cikin bazara, wasu yan lambu sun bada shawarar karancin ruwa na ruwa domin marshmallows su farka da wuri. Amma ya fi kyau manta game da kullun sakewa na ruwa har sai farkon alamun girma.
Humara yawan iska ba matakin m bane. Amma idan iska a cikin dakin ya bushe sosai, yana da kyau a fesa marshmallows don adana furen kayan ado.
Bazazzage
Suturar Marshmallow
Ana amfani da takin zamani na marshmallows a cikin tsawan 1 lokaci a cikin makonni biyu, amma a lokacin ne kawai daga farkon girma da ƙananan ganye zuwa ƙarshen fure. Don wannan amfanin gona, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da takin zamani na tsire-tsire na fure. Ba a rage taro da takin mai magani ba, ta yin amfani da su a cikin adadin da masana'anta suka bada shawara. Wannan albasa yana amsawa da kyau ga kayan miya, amma a cikin bazara.
Zephyranthes dashi da kayan ruwa
Kamar yawancin ƙananan kwan fitila, zephyranthes sune "iyali" tsirrai. Sukan kirkiro daulolin mazauna duka kuma suna girma tsirrai 'ya'yan itaciya, suna cike kwantena cikin sauri. Furen tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ba shi da wata ma'ana: yana godiya ga samuwar ciyayi da mazauna cewa yana da alama cewa zephyranthes blooms yana da girma, kuma a zahiri, kowane shinge yana samar da fure ɗaya kawai. Kuma mafi girma da mallaka, da yake mafi kyau waɗannan kwararan fitila girma da more blooming su. Wannan fasalin yana tsara yanayin kai tsaye: marshmallows suna "sake juyawa" zuwa sabon akwati kawai lokacin da suka cika duka sararin samaniya a cikin tukunyar.
Kwanannin lokacin canza sheka don zephyranthes an tsaresu sosai: an za'ayi shi ba kafin, amma a ƙarshen lokacin ƙazantar.
Duk wani substrate na zephyrantes ya dace idan yana da isasshen abinci mai gina jiki, sako-sako, kuma mai inganci. Don tsire-tsire, zaka iya amfani da gaurayawan duniya. Mafi kyawun amsawar ƙasa shine daga 5.8 zuwa 6.0 pH. Idan ka haɗa ƙasa da kanka, to, ɗauka a cikin sassan ƙasa madaidaici, humus da yashi kuma ƙara yanki na takin mai magani na phosphate.
Tukwane da yawa na marshmallows ba sa ƙaruwa. Itace yakamata ya sami wurin da za'a ciyar da ita gaba, ƙara sabbin jarirai, amma kuma mai ƙarfin ikonda zai sa ku jira fure na wasu shekaru: ɓarawon fure kawai lokacin da ma'abocin ya cika cikakke, a cikin matattarar yanayi. Ya kamata a fi son fifiko ga manyan abubuwa, amma kwantena.
Hanyar dasawa da marshmallows abu ne mai sauki. Idan kuna son yada shuka, wasu daga cikin yara sun rabu, barin a kalla karamin "gida" na tsire-tsire 6-8 da dasa shuki da kwararan fitila a daidai wannan hanya kamar yadda suka girma a cikin akwati na baya, gaba daya zurfafawa a cikin substrate (mafi daidai, zurfafa kwan fitila tare da wuya - idan Zephyranthes yana da tsawo, sannan wuyan yakamata ya haɗu sama da matakin ƙasa). Babban abu shine ba ruwa sabon kwararan fitila nan da nan bayan dasa shuki kuma jira 'yan kwanaki don moisten kasar gona har zuwa upstart adapts (watering bayan dasawa ake dangantawa da babban hadarin Rotting na kwararan fitila).
Kwararan fitila na Zephyranthes.
Cututtuka da Karin kwari na Zephyranthes
Zephyranthes sau da yawa fama da kwari - duka takamaiman tsutsotsi na amaryllis da kuma gizo-gizo na cikin gida na yau da kullun da sikelin kwari. Akan wannan bulbous, zai fi kyau a yaki kwari sau da kafa tare da kashe kwari (na tsari ko kuma a hankali. Game da mummunar lalacewar tsutsa amaryllis, yana da kyau a zubar da tsirrai.
Matsaloli gama gari a cikin marshmallows girma:
- rashin fure tare da tukunya mai fadi da yawa, keta yanayin yanayin zazzabi, sharar ruwa mara kyau a lokacin rashin isasshen haske, mara kyau mara kyau ko overfeeding;
- asarar ganye da saurin ratsewar tsiro a bazara da bazara saboda bushewa na abin canzawa;
- ciyayi mara kyau yayin kwarara, fari, yanayin zafi.
Sake bugun Zephyranthes
Sama sama an yada shi ta hanyar raba kwararan fitila, da girma daga tsaba.
Rarraba aura da raba kwararan fitila ita ce hanya mafi sauƙi. A lokaci guda, basu taɓa amfani da albasa ɗaya ba: ƙwayar marshmallows akalla albasa 3-4 a cikin tukunyar matsakaici ɗaya.
Zai fi wahala a samu daga zuriyar tsiro. Na farko, zephyranthes suna buƙatar pollination na wucin gadi. Kuma abu na biyu, da seedlings suna da hankali ga rot da Bloom a mafi kyau a shekara ta uku ko hudu. 'Ya'yan hawan upstart da sauri suna rasa germination kuma dole ne a yi amfani dasu sabo. Za'ayi shuka ne a cikin substrate na duniya, yada tsaba da wuya, a nesa na 2.5-3 cm daga juna kuma baya rufe ƙasa. A karkashin fim ko gilashi ana fallasa su a cikin dumi, daga wurare 22 masu haske kuma suna kula da danshi na keɓaɓɓen laima. Itace tana buƙatar sayo da yawa (na farko a cikin manyan kwantena, sannan da yawa a cikin manyan tukwane).
