Aiki

Deutzia wata itaciya ce mai ban tsoro wadda za ta iya zama makafi ko lalacewa. Wannan tsire-tsire na gidan hydrangea ne. Wannan nau'in halittar ya haɗu da kusan nau'ikan 50 na tsirrai daban-daban waɗanda za'a iya samun su a cikin yanayin halitta a Gabashin Asiya, Mexico da Himalayas. A cikin tsakiyar latitude sun fara horar da su kwanan nan, amma nan da nan suka fada cikin ƙauna tare da lambu don ƙyalli da fure mai tsayi. Kasuwancin Yareniya da Himalayan sun gabatar da su zuwa kasashen Turai ta hannun kwastomomin Dutch a farkon karni na 19. Amma mazaunan Turai sun koyi game da nau'in Sinawa kawai a ƙarshen karni na 19.

Wannan shuka mai suna K. Tunberg. Ya sanya masa suna ne bayan Johann wanka Deitz, wanda ke magajin gari na Amsterdam, kuma shi ne mai tallafawa balaguron jirgin ruwa zuwa Gabas. Wannan tsire-tsire yana samun ƙauna da yawa daga masu lambu a kowace shekara, saboda yana da babban adadin siffofin da nau'ikan da suka bambanta ba kawai launi, girman da siffar fure ba, har ma da girman daji.

Abubuwan Ayyuka

Dajin irin wannan shuka na iya zama ya zama daidai ko yaduwa. Tsawonta ya bambanta daga mita 0.4 zuwa 4. Leaf faranti suna tsayawa a tsaye. Looksan daji yana kama da mayun zuma har sai an fara da fure. Furanni suna buɗewa a harbe na bara. Yawancin furanni masu ruwan hoda ko fararen furanni waɗanda basu da ƙanshin wuta an bayyana su a daji. Suna ɗayan ɓangarorin ɗayan maɗaukakoki a cikin gogewa. Matsayin rayuwar wani aiki shine kusan shekaru 25. 'Ya'yan itacen akwati ne.

Yadda za a shuka aikin a buɗe ƙasa

Yaushe shuka

An bada shawara don sauko da aikin a lokacin bazara. A lokacin da duniya ke narkewa, amma kodan bai fara buɗewa ba. Za'a iya dasa ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a rufe tushen tsarin kafin farkon lokacin bazara. Kafin a ci gaba da sauka ta kai tsaye, ya wajaba a zabi wurin da ya fi dacewa da wannan. Wuraren bude suna sun fi dacewa da wannan shukar, kuma bayan abincin rana, hasken rana kai tsaye kada ya faɗi akan rassan. Hakanan ya kamata a lura cewa matakin ya mayar da martani game da iska mai sanyi. Kada ƙasa ta bushe, abar rijiya da arziki a cikin abubuwan abinci. Mafi kyawun cakuda don dasa shine cakuda ƙasa wanda ya ƙunshi takin peat, humus da yashi, wanda aka ɗauka a cikin rabo na 1: 2: 2. A cikin abin da ya faru cewa abun da ke cikin ƙasa a wurin dasa abubuwa ya sha bamban da na dole, to irin wannan cakuda ƙasa zai buƙaci a zuba shi cikin ramin da aka shirya. Hakanan, daji yana buƙatar dan kadan alkaline ƙasa. A cikin abin da ya faru yana da yawan acidic, to, a lokacin dasa shi wajibi ne don ƙara 300 grams na lemun tsami mai tsami a ciki.

'Yayan itace

Yana da Dole a zabi seedling a cikin shagon musamman a hankali isa. Kuna buƙatar ganin cewa mai tushe ba su da gagarumar lalacewa, alamun cutar, kuma kuna buƙatar bincika yanayin kodan. Ana sayar da 'ya'yan itace a cikin kwantena fiye da tsada fiye da waɗanda ke da tsarin buɗe tushen. Amma ya kamata a lura cewa don seedlings a cikin kwantena ba shi yiwuwa a tantance irin yanayin da ke cikin, saboda haka za su iya lalacewa, su juya ko bushe sosai. Seedlings tare da bude tushen tsarin dole ne a sayi nan da nan kafin dasa, yayin da tushen dole ne a nannade tare da lokacin farin ciki takarda a lokacin kawowa. Kafin dasa shuki, ya zama dole a yanke rassan da suka ji rauni, a takaice tushen zuwa santimita 35-40. A yayin da tushen tsarin ya bushe, to ya zama dole a shafe shi na tsawon awanni 2-3 a cikin kwandon shara da aka cika da yumɓu mai yumɓu, kuma dole ne a zuba lita na man kod mai ruwan hoda a ciki.

Siffofin ƙasa

Lokacin barin aiwatar da wani aiki, ya kamata a bi wasu ka'idodi. Don haka, lokacin dasa shuki, dole ne mutum yayi la’akari da cewa daga wannan bishi zuwa kowane shuka ko tsari yakamata ya kasance mai nisa aƙalla mita 2.5. Gaskiyar ita ce, mazan daji yana da faɗi sosai. Zurfin ramin saukowa ya kamata ya zama daga mita 0.4 zuwa 0.5, a kasansa ya zama dole don sanya farfajiyar magudanar ruwa, wanda za'a iya yin yashi ko tubalin da ya karye. Bayan wannan, yakamata a dasa tushen aikin a cikin ramin, sannan kuma yakamata a cika shi da cakuda ƙasa, wanda aka bayyana dalla-dalla a sama, yayin da daga ciki ake buƙatar zuba daga gram 100 zuwa 125 na nitrophosphate. Bayan an gama dasa, tushen wuyan shuka ya zama daidai matakin tare da ƙasa ko binne wasu santimita a cikin ƙasa. Bayan dasa, dole ne a sanya ƙasa, kuma dole ne a shayar da daji. A cikin shuki, ya zama dole a gajarta duk mai tushe zuwa buds 3, wannan zai kara tasirin shuka. Dole ne a rufe da'irar kusa-kusa da wani yanki na ciyawa (peat), yayin da kafinta ya zama 5 centimita.

Kulawar Aiki

Babu wani abu mai rikitarwa a cikin kulawa da irin wannan shukar, yayin da ciyawa mai ciyawa zai adana wani ɓangare na aikin. Deytsiya ta danganta da mummunar tozartawar ruwa, don haka ya kamata a shayar da ita sau da yawa. Zai isa isasshen ruwa 1 a mako guda, yayin da lita 10 na ruwa ya kamata ya tafi daji 1. Yayin lokacin bushewa mai zafi, yawan ruwa yakamata a ninka zuwa lita 20 a kowane daji. Tun rabin rabin Agusta, ba a shayar da shuka kwata-kwata. Lokacin da aka gama shayarwa, kuna buƙatar sassauta ƙasa zuwa zurfin 20 zuwa 25 santimita, yayin cire duk ciyawa mai ciyawa. Ana ciyar da ciyar da lokaci 1 a cikin makonni 4, don wannan ana zubar da lita 3-4 na taki a ƙarƙashin kowane daji. A lokacin kakar, ya zama dole don ciyar da aikin tare da takin ma'adinai mai hadaddun (kowace daji daga gram 120 zuwa 150) sau 2 kawai. Suna ciyar da shuka ne kawai a lokacin fure.

Juyawa

Canza wannan bishiyar zai yiwu ne kawai a bazara. Gaskiyar ita ce, wani samfurin dasawa a wani lokaci na shekara ba shi da lokacin ɗaukar tushe kafin lokacin hunturu. Dole ne a dasa shuka a hankali, yayin da dunƙule na ƙasa akan tsarin tushen kada a lalata. Dole ne a haƙa daji kusa da kewaye na tsinkayen kambi, an cire shi daga ƙasa tare da tushen da dunƙule na ƙasa. Bayan haka an tura shi zuwa wani sabon rami mai saukarwa, wanda ya kamata a shirya a gaba, yayin da ya zama dole a zuba daga gram 20 zuwa 30 na takaddun ma'adinai mai cakuda a ciki. Don cika ramin, yakamata a yi amfani da sashin guda ɗaya kamar lokacin dasawa, yayin da dole ne a haɗa shi sosai, kuma dole ne a shayar da shuka. An bada shawara don cire duk tsoffin rassan daga misalin da aka dasa, kuma waɗanda suka rage ya kamata a yanke su 1/3. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata a yayyafa da'irar kusa da mulmula tare da wani yanki na ciyawa (peat). Idan daji yana saurayi, to zai yi rashin lafiya da sauri, amma wani ɗan daji zai ji rauni na ɗan lokaci mai tsawo.

Aikin datsawa

Kulawa da irin wannan shuka ya hada da yin girki na yau da kullun. Ya kamata a yanke matakin sau biyu a kakar - a lokacin damina da damina. A cikin kaka, da rassan blooming wannan shekara ya kamata a yanke zuwa ƙasa ko kuma zuwa farkon karfi toho. Hakanan ya kamata cire tsoffin rassan da waɗanda ke haifar da rawanin rawanin. Tare tare da tsabtace tsabtace tsabta, kambi kuma ana yi. A lokacin bazara, kuna buƙatar takaita waɗancan rassan da suka daskarewa, sannan kuma cire waɗanda suka ji rauni. A cikin taron cewa lokacin hunturu daji ya lalace sosai kuma fiye da rabin rassan sun karye, to, ana bada shawara don yanke irin wannan shuka "a dunƙule". Anti-tsufa pruning kuma ana yin su a cikin hanyar.

Cutar da kwari

Shrub yana da cikakkiyar juriya ga cututtuka da kwari masu cutarwa. Da wuya, ɗan ɓoyayyen proboscis, wanda ke cin ganyayyaki a aikace, zai iya cutar da shi. Kuna buƙatar aiwatar da daji tare da maganin Karbofos ko Phthalophos, wanda ya zama kashi goma sha biyar.

Aiwatarwa bayan fure

A lokacin furanni, aikin yana kama da ban mamaki kawai, yana da kyau musamman furen furanni akan tsirrai ya daɗe. Koyaya, lokaci ya yi, har yanzu ya ƙare, kuma a nan, kuma ba a da nisa daga hunturu. Lokacin dasa shuki shuki, ya kamata a lura cewa juriyarsa da sanyi yana da ƙasa sosai. Saboda gaskiyar cewa furanni suna bayyana ne kawai a ranar harbe bara, suna buƙatar samun kariya daga sanyi, gwargwadon iko. In ba haka ba, inji ba zai yi fure mai zuwa ba. A waɗancan wuraren da winters suna da taushi kuma yawan dusar ƙanƙara ta faɗo, ba lallai ba ne don rufe shuki, amma har yanzu rassan sa suna bukatar ƙusar da ƙasa.

Kula da aikin a karkara

A wa] annan wuraren da wuraren sanyi ke da sanyi ko ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara ba, ana buƙatar tsari don hunturu. Koyaya, murfin dusar ƙanƙara kawai ba zai iya kare wannan shuka daga dusar ƙanƙara ba. Gardenerswararrun lambu da ke ba da shawarar yin amfani da tsari na bushe-bushe don shirya irin wannan shuki na hunturu. Don yin wannan, dole ne a karkatar da daji zuwa saman ƙasa kuma a gyara. Bayan haka, kuna buƙatar yin firam akan shi. A saman da firam ya kamata a yafa masa wani Layer na bushe ganye ko jefa tare da fir spruce rassan. Daga sama, komai yana rufe da lutrasil, kuma fim na polyethylene yana shimfiɗa akan shi. Wannan ya zama dole don kada ruwa ya shiga ciki. Wannan hanyar tsari tana da kyau ga matasa tsintsaye, kamar yadda rassansu ke lankwashe cikin sauqi a farfajiyar kasa. Idan daji ya girma, to ya kamata a ɗaure shi da igiya ko igiya. A saman bushes ɗin da aka haɗa, ya zama dole don kunsa tare da kayan rufewa wanda dole ne ya ba da izinin iska ta wuce (burlap, spanbond ko lutrasil). Wannan zai taimaka kare shuka daga sanyi, yayin da huhun bazai yi waka ba.

Iri da nau'ikan aiki tare da hotuna da sunaye

Yawancin nau'ikan iri da nau'ikan ayyuka ana horar dasu a tsakiyar latitude, yayin da wasunsu kuma ke da ɗanɗano.

Amurian mataki, ko karamin-flowered (Deutzia amurensis)

Ana iya samun wannan tsiro a cikin yanayin halitta a China, Koriya ta Arewa da Gabas ta Tsakiya. A Rasha, ana kiyaye wannan shuka a cikin ajiyar da yawa. Ya fi dacewa a yi girma a cikin gandun daji mai ban girma na itacen oak, yayin da za'a iya haduwa da shi a tsawan nisan kusan mil dubu 1.4 sama da matakin teku. Irin wannan tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire ne mai yanke hukunci, siffar daji wanda yake yaɗuwa. A tsayi, zai iya kaiwa santimita 200. An rufe rassan da haushi launin ruwan kasa, wanda a ƙarshe ya canza launinsa zuwa launin toka. Tsawon tsararren ganye na takaddama mai kusan santimita 6 ne; suna da sifar danshi. A gindin, suna da siffa-siffa, kuma suna nuni zuwa ga biri, da aka kwantar da su, a ɓangarorin biyu akwai ingantaccen yanayi. A cikin bazara da bazara, suna cike da koren launi ko launin toka-ash, da launin ruwan ƙasa-rawaya ko ocher a cikin kaka. Yawan inflorescences na corymbose siffar a diamita ya kai 7 santimita. Sun haɗa da fararen furanni, mai kamshi. A shuka blooms na kwanaki 20, tare da farkon fure a cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Yuni. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne masu kama da zane da zane-zanen su da launin shuɗi mai datti, suna kama da akwatuna kusan na siffar mara nauyi. Wannan nau'in ana saninsa da danshi da ƙaunar haske, gami da jure fari, gas da hayaki. Dankin yana da sauri-girma, yana fara yin fure da wuri.

Deytsia mai kyauta (Deutzia gracilis)

Wurin haifuwar shuka shine tsaunukan Japan. Tsawon daji na iya bambanta daga santimita 50 zuwa 150. Daji yana da nau'i mai zagaye, rassan bakin ciki. Yana fure sosai. Fusoshin ganye suna da ƙarfi sosai, suna da elongated kuma suna da zance game da biri, gefen bashi da kyau. Suna da tsawon santimita 6 kuma ana fentin su da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Ganyen ganye na tsirara ne, kuma a gaban gaban akwai wasu gashin gashi. Furanni fararen fukaffi ne, sun kasance wani yanki ne na madaidaicin tserewar launin ruwan sama mai dimbin yawa, wanda yakai kusan santimita tara. Fulawa yana farawa a rabin na biyu na Yuli, yayin da tsawonsa yake kwanaki 35.

M, tauraro mai siffa (Deutzia scabra)

Asali daga Japan da China. Tsawon daji mai falala shine kimanin santimita 250. Launi na peeling haushi tare da lokaci shine launin ruwan kasa ko haske mai haske. Tsawon faranti mai launin rawaya fararen digiri ne 3-8 santimita. A farfajiyar su akwai wasu gashin gashi da suke bayar da fatawar ganye. A cikin wannan nau'in, fure yana fara daga baya fiye da duk sauran. Tsawon goge, wanda ya ƙunshi fari ko furanni ruwan hoda, 12 santimita ne. Action blooms daga 15 zuwa 20 days. Siffofin ado:

Terry. A ciki na furanni biyu fararen fata ne, kuma waje mai ruwan hoda.
Farar fata fari. Tana da furanni fari biyu.
Watererera. Furanni a ciki fararen fata ne, kuma geffan waje yana daga carmine.
Pink Terry. Akwai furanni masu launin shuɗi. A tsari ne sosai resistant zuwa sanyi.
Farar fata. Tare da karamin farin dige a kan fararen ganye.

Aikin mai kayatarwa ne, ko al'ajabi (Deutzia magnifica)

Wannan tsiro na tsiro da aka haife shi godiya ga tsallakewar aikin Vilmoren da aikin mai taushi. A tsayi, daji madaidaici ya kai kimanin santimita 250. Fuskokin ganye suna daɗaɗɗuwa, ƙwari. Furen furanni Terry wani bangare ne na manyan lamuran tsoro, tsawonsu kusan santimita 10 ne. Flowering yana da yawan gaske mai yawa, a karkashin nauyin inflorescences, rassan sun sami alamar lanƙwasa. Dankin ya fara farawa a cikin Yuli, tare da lokacin furanni na kusan kwanaki 20. Wannan kallon yana daya daga cikin kyawawan halaye.

Dogon tsayi (Deutzia longifolia)

Tsawon daji ya bambanta daga santimita 100 zuwa 200. A saman harbe akwai pubescence. Takardun ganye kusan tsawon santimita 12; ana yin sulalla sosai a gefen. Abubuwan launin shuɗi ne masu launin shuɗi a gefen gaba, da launin kore-launin toka daga tari tare da gefen da ba daidai ba. Girman diamita na furanni masu ruwan 'ya'yan itace Lilac-ruwan hoda kusan 25 mm; a cikin alkalami suna da shunayya. Fulawa ya fara a tsakiyar watan Yuli. Akwai Veitch mai dogayen ganye da ganye, furanni suna da launi mai duhu.

Deutzia Lemoine (Deutzia x lemoinei)

Wannan tsiro ya bayyana ne sakamakon gicciyen wani aikin alheri da karamin karami. A tsayi, daji ya kai kusan santimita 200. Yana farawa da wuri kuma mai girma. Furanni masu dusar ƙanƙara mai dusar ƙanƙara suna da girman kusan 20 mm, yayin da suke ɓangare na ƙananan inflorescences, tsawonsa shine santimita 10. Fulawa kyakkyawa ce, lush kuma mai tsawo, kuma tsire-tsire yana da juriya mai kyau don sanyi. Iri iri na ado:

Belle de nege. Tsawon daji kusan santimita 150 ne. Furannin furanni suna da nisan kimanin 25 mm.
Mont ya tashi. Dajin ya kai nisan mil 250. Furanni suna da manyan launuka ruwan hoda. Gashinan abubuwan fure suna nannade ta yadda damfanan rawaya zasu zama bayyane.
Mai ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda. Wani sabon salo iri iri. Furannin suna kananzir, kuma furanni masu launin shuɗi mai zurfi. Su bangare ne na illolin hauka mai kwakwalwa.