Ba shi yiwuwa a hango tsirran da za su iya gasa tare da hanyar kwance-tarko a cikin yanayin tunanin su. Don kyakkyawa na fure, suna da gaskiya cikin matsayi a tsakanin al'adun cikin gida na asali da kwazo. Amma saboda unpretentiousness na m hanyar, suna daya daga cikin mafi kyau succulents na gida. Babban taurarin fure mai haske mai launin shuɗi-biyar na wannan al'ada, an rufe shi da wani sabon abu, ba za a iya mantawa da shi ba. Kamar su nesa daga ƙanshi mai daɗi gaba ɗaya, wanda yake kwatar da hankalinsu. Waɗanda suka yanke shawara su yi girma gidaje masu ɓoyewa dole ne su magance matsalar ƙanshin da ba a san tsammani ba kuma su kula da lokacin sanyi.
KurairaDankakken tauraron dan adam da fure
Don kyawun daɗaɗɗun furanninta, stapelia tsakanin masu noman furanni a duniya shine mafi kyau sananne a ƙarƙashin sunan murjani, dutsen furen teku, dutsen teku ko tauraron oda. Halittar Stapelia wani yanki ne na dangin Kutrov da ke da mutunci dabam dabam (Apocynaceae). Abu ne mai sauki a bambance hanyar kwalliya da takwarorinta ta hanyar fure mai cike da nishadi, amma mai tushe daga cikin succulent suma suna da ado sosai. Stapelia - wakilan groupungiyar Afirka ta Kudu na ƙwararrun abubuwa masu ban mamaki, waɗanda aka samo su a cikin yanayi a cikin tsaunuka, da wuraren ɓoye a kusa da tafkuna ko a cikin inuwar manyan bishiyoyi.
Stapelias sune tsire-tsire masu asali na asali tare da lokacin farin ciki da fleshy mai tushe waɗanda suke da sauƙin rikicewa tare da cacti. Waɗannan succulents masu girman kai ne, matsakaicin girman wanda ke iyakantacce zuwa 20 cm. harbe na stapelia sune harbe marasa ganye, yawancin lokuta tetrahedral, tare da fuskoki masu rauni ko karfi, fuskoki suna kama da ripsalidopsis. Hanyoyin sarrafawa a hannun jari suna bayyana a gindi mai tushe, tsirrai yana girma yana yaduwa mai tushe kuma yana haifar da "madogara" na harbe da yawa, wanda yasa ya zama mai kyan gani. Dukkanin hanyoyin silsila suna bayyanar da haske, mai cike da launi, mai haske mai launi na kayan kore, wanda ake ɗaukarsa sabon abu da sanyi.
Furannin furannin silsila suna da mahimmanci ko da cikakkun bayanai. Kai diamita na 15 cm, fure furanni rataye ko tashi a lokacin farin ciki pedicels, sun yi mamakin riga da girman girma. Corolla an gyara shi, yana kama da tauraro biyar mai launin falle, mai walƙiya, ta yau da kullun "live". Abubuwa biyar da aka nuna a cikin kofin sun jaddada zagaye ko ƙira mai launin kararrawa, dabbobin biyar na wacce taper ɗin da biri, suna yin irin tasirin tauraruwar iri ɗaya. Hanyoyin "haskoki" da aka zana da kuma zagaye su a ƙarshen suna jaddada kyakkyawan yanayin kamannin tauraro. Yawancin hanyoyin kwance suna halin kambi mai ban mamaki tare da lanceolate ko rectangular, gajere, dissected ko madaidaiciya, curring ko lebur, filayen kyauta, tare da matan da suka dace da juna wanda ke haifar da da'irar fleshy. Furannin suna buɗewa ba da mamaki ba, tare da tsawa mai yawa, suna buɗe furannin suna kuma bayyana taurarinsu a hankali (suna fuskantar haske).
Hanyoyin jujjuyawar suna halin jahilci, amma nesa da launuka masu ban sha'awa. Launin ruwan kasa, ceri, launin ja da aibobi da bugun jini yana haifar da ƙima ta launuka na dabba da fatalwa akan fagen haske kuma, godiya ga gefen ko wani sabon abu mai motsi, yana haifar da haɗuwa da furcin marmari ko daskararren hancin waje.
Matsayi na yara ƙanshi-ƙishirwa sun kasance da ƙarfi a cikin hanyoyin kwance. Wani ƙanshin ƙanshin na jan hankalin kwari zuwa ga na ƙarshe, amma ba a faɗi daidai da haka a cikin nau'ikan daban-daban. Kuma kyau na fleshy, m furanni fiye da rama wannan raunin. Bayan haka, irin wannan exotica an girma da farko don sake tattara tarin tsire-tsire na asali, kuma ba kamar yadda al'adun cikin gida na yau da kullun suke ba.
Rawanin furanni masu launin shuɗi (Stapelia flavopurpurea).
Iri kwararaye
A cikin al'adar gida, galibi nau'ikan halitta shida daga manyan al'adu ana amfani dasu. Harafi (Kurabara) Tsirrai biyu ne kawai suka bambanta cikin manyan furanni masu ban mamaki, sauran ragowar hanyar kwance suna kama shi da kamanninsa da gefensa fiye da girman furanni.
Babban stapelia (Stapelia kakaf) - Kyau mai sa'a tare da kyawawan kayan harbe, wanda hakarkarinsa ya bayyana da kyau. Matasa mai tushe suna da fa'ida da taushi, launinsu mai kyau na lemun tsami ya canza zuwa lokaci zuwa rougher mai launi tare da ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi, saboda inji yana kama da wuta. Furanni suna dacewa da sunan jinsin: babbar, har zuwa 16 cm a diamita, taurari tare da haskoki masu haske suna ɗaukar hoto tare da lalataccen farar fata da gaban gaban rawanin rawanin ko kambi a cikin makogwaron kusa da stamens. A petals ne kusan lanceolate, da kyau lanƙwasa, wanda ya sa ciliary gefen alama luminous. Brown da launin shuɗi a kan farin baya suna haifar da launi na musamman, wanda yafi ƙarfin gaske, a cikin nau'in bugun jini ya bayyana kusa da makogwaro. Ana iya ganin hoton a kusa, daga nesa da launi da alama akwai datti mai ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda. Kowane fure a cikin wannan nau'in yana ƙasa da mako guda. Matsayi na mafi kyawun exotica a cikin babban stapedel stapelia an haɗe shi da matsayin mafi ƙanshi: ƙanshi ya faɗi kuma ya lalace, wanda yake haskakawa, yana da ƙarfi sosai cewa yana da kyau kada ya ƙunshi shuka a lokacin fure ko da na ɗan gajeren lokaci ne a wuraren zama.
Girman furanni tare da babban daskararren stapelia za a iya yin jayayya ta hanyar katako ɗaya kawai - manya-manyan stapelia (Stapelia gigantea), yana ba da ra'ayi na shuka mai iko sosai, nau'in fure-fure. Otsan wasan wuta har zuwa 20 cm babba ana rarrabe su ta gefuna masu ƙyalƙyali, ƙanana da ƙarama da kauri mafi girma. Furanni akan faifan silsila masu tsayi a diamita na iya wuce cm 30. Su ne lebur, disseped, shimfida uku, da sosai elongated na bakin ciki bakin. Launin kusan zane ne: ƙyalli duhu mai taɓa taɓawa ya bayyana akan haske mai launin rawaya-haske. Charmarfin furanni yana ƙara gefen fari fari gashi. Wannan shi ne ɗayan nau'in ƙanshi mai ƙanshi wanda ba ya haifar da motsin rai mara jin daɗi ko da kusa.
Associungiyoyi tare da mafi yawan wakilai na ruwa fauna ana haifar da su ne ta hanyar bayyanar wani mashahurin shuka - m (Stapelia mutabilis) Wannan itace ingantacciyar shuka mai tsananin karfi tare da tokala mai kauri har zuwa 15 cm a tsayi, tana nuna fifikon manyan hakoranta sama. Furanni masu nunin furanni masu zurfi har zuwa 7-8 cm suna da yawa. Flat, tare da manyan haskoki mara nauyi da kuma kyakkyawan elongated tip, suna jin daɗin mamaki tare da wani canji na motley juna na shanyewar jiki da aibobi, samar da launin ruwan kasa-ja wani yanki mai haske mai launin rawaya. Ciliated gefen da saman alam kawai yana jaddada kyawun launi. A kan kambi, ana maimaita tsarin, amma a cikin “finer”.
Babban stapelia mai ƙarfi (Stapelia grandiflora).
Gigantic stapelia (Stapelia gigantea).
Canjin stapelia (Stapelia mutabilis).
Siffar taurari-mai siffa (Asterias ta duniya) fiye da sauran hanyoyin kwance suna kama da mazaunan gandun daji na cikin ruwa. Green, tare da gefuna mai laushi da ƙananan hakora, an rufe shi da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi a cikin shekaru mai daraja, harbe wannan wannan rigar ba su da kyau kamar yadda suke a cikin jinsunan da suka gabata. Amma furanninta sun bambanta sosai. Taurari akan shinge mai tsayi a gindin matashin harbe, taurari na wannan hanyar ba ta kai 6cm ne kacal ba. Flat, tare da fure mai zurfi da dabaru mai zurfi, suna ba ku mamaki da haskoki mai ɗumi da launin ruwan hoda-ja-orange, wanda ba a bayyana bakin rawaya mai launin rawaya da "hayaniya" nan da nan, wanda za'a iya gani da haske. Mafi kyawun gashin gashi mai haske sosai, wanda a gefen furanni ya shude zuwa dogon fari mai laushi, yana jaddada launi mai haske da haske. Dankin da alama an rufe shi da ƙyalƙyali, mafi kyawun Jawo.
Kyakkyawan launi da furfura na furfura sun ci nasara da wani irin matattakalar hanyar kwance - stapelia ferruginous (Stapelia glanduliflora) A tsayi har zuwa 15 cm, harbewarsa suna da kamala, suna da kyau. Tare da fuskokin pterygoid da hakoran fili, basu nasara da launi mai duhu fiye da sauran hanyoyin kwance. Furanni a diamita sun iyakance zuwa cm 5 kawai .. Haɗe da ruwan lemun tsami-kore tare da nau'ikan haskoki mai ɗimbin haske, kusan filayen launuka masu ruwan hoda da ratsi, wani abu mai santsi mai lalacewa da gefen banbanci. Dogayen fari da gashi a gefunan ana haɗuwa a wannan hanyar kwance tare da furanni masu guntu da kauri a cikin cibiyar.
Tufafin launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi (Stapelia flavopurpurea) wani nau'in matsakaici ne mai cike da ƙarfi da kuzari. Rassanta suna da yawa, har zuwa 10 cm tsayi, mai haske, koren duhu, mai duhu, fuskokin da aka bayyana da rauni. Taurari masu fure, duk da matsakaicin matsakaici na kawai 4 cm, kama da godiya ga ɗumbin haskoki na elongated-triangular, siffar mai tsauri. Warfafa wrinkling daidai ya dace da launin kore-rawaya mai launi, bambanta tare da launi na harbe. Babban ado na kwarangwal din shine babban diski-kambi tare da kusan 'kayan gizo-gizo' 'kayan kwalliya da kayan adon haske.
Matattarar tauraruwa mai kama da tauraro (Stapelia asterias).
Tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta na stapelia (Stapelia glanduliflora).
Karancin alkalin wasa (Stapelia flavopurpurea)A baya can, a cikin yanayin hanyoyin kwance, an bambanta wani babban dakin ado na musamman - m slway (Stapelia variegata), amma an sake maimaita tsiron ga jinsin halittar Orbea (Orbea)Orbeya motley (Orbea variegata) Wannan sigar asali ta farko ce mai kyau tare da yadarar harbe tare da denticles mai shela, kayan ado na concave wanda suke samar da tauraruwa huɗu a cikin ɓangaren, kuma fure ba tare da kambi tare da lanƙwasa launuka mai walƙiya, hasken wrinkles da launin ruwan hoda mai ruwan shuɗi.
Orbeya motley (Orbea variegata), ko Stapelia variegata (Stapelia variegata)Kulawar hanyar gida
Stapelias succulents na fassara ne wadanda basu da wahalar shukawa, wannan aikin ma yana iya kaiwa ga sabon shiga. Amma zaku iya samun su yi fure kawai kan yanayin hunturu mai sanyi, wanda bai dace da duk masu lambu ba. Abu mafi wahala shine kada a yi nisa da ruwa kuma a zabi fitilun da ya dace. Stapelias ko da buƙatar yin saurin su a cikin lokuta na musamman, kuma ana iya samun haƙuri ta fari.
Haske da sanya hannun jari
Stapelia sune masu ba da amsa ga rana, amma a lokacin rani, hasken rana kai tsaye zai haifar da asarar harbe-harben kayan ado, bayyanar busassun busassun. Duk da matsayin baƙi na Afirka, ana samun su cikin yanayi a wuraren da ba a keɓe ba, ana kuma zaɓin hasken da ya haskaka, amma yaɗuwa. A cikin kaka da hunturu, hasken rana kai tsaye zuwa ga hanyoyin kwance ba a hana su, yana da kyau don matsar da shuka zuwa windows mafi kyau a cikin gidan. Tare da sauyawa daga hunturu zuwa bazara zuwa karuwa a cikin haske, ya fi kyau a sanɗa a hankali a hankali.
Stapeli yana jin daɗi kawai akan hasken rana windows. Matsayi mai kyau don wannan babban nasara shine window ɗin kudu wanda yake kwance tare da allo mai rarrabawa ko kuma layi na farko akan satin yamma da gabashin taga. Lokacin da aka sanya hanyar kwance, yana da daraja la'akari da kasancewar ƙanshin mara dadi a cikin wasu nau'in, wanda ke buƙatar sanya ɗakuna a cikin ɗakunan da ke da iska daga ɗakunan zama.
Yanayin yanayin zafi don matsi da iska
Stapeli yayi girma cikin yanayin daki. A gare su, yanayin matsakaici na kimanin digiri 20 na zafi da yanayi mai zafi daga digiri 22 zuwa 26 sun dace. An fi yin watsi da matsanancin zafi, amma haɓaka yawan zafin jiki yawanci yana shafar mita na ban ruwa kawai. Ga sauran lokacin hutu, yana da kyau a samar da sanyi. Temperaturesarancin yanayin zafi - kimanin digiri 15 - ba da izinin shuka su shirya don fure. Mafi qarancin zafin jiki wanda aka yarda dashi shine digiri 12. A cikin irin waɗannan yanayi, hanyar ta zama ya kamata daga Nuwamba zuwa Maris. Canjin daga zafi zuwa abun ciki mai sanyi kuma akasin haka don ya kasance mai sauƙi kamar yadda ya kamata, an shirya shuka don hutun lokacin a hankali, a hankali yana rage zafin jiki.
Stapelia, sabanin sauran succulents na gida da yawa, ƙaunar tashin iska sau da yawa. A lokacin rani, za a iya aiwatar da hanyoyin kwance a sararin sama, da kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Shuka ba ya jin tsoron zane-zane, amma ya fi kyau kare shi daga hypothermia.
Giant stapelia (Stapelia gigantea)Tataccen ruwa da kuma iska iska
Wajibi ne a shayar da dansandan a hankali, a bar kasar ta bushe a tsakanin wadannan hanyoyin a cikin babban falon. Lokacin yin ruwa, kuna buƙatar yin hankali kada ku jiƙa tushe na harbe kuma kada ku fesa saukad da kan shuka kanta. A lokacin dormancy, a lokacin sanyi na kwantar da hancin, ana shayar da su da ruwa kaɗan, kawai kar a bar shi ya bushe, ƙanƙarar, ko rasa tarko ga mai tushe. Koyaushe kuna buƙatar mai da hankali kan alamun zafin jiki da kuma yawan bushewa daga ƙasa.
Babu buƙatar haɓaka yanayin iska don wannan babban nasara, hanyar kwance ba ta tsoron yanayin bushe sosai a lokacin rani da damuna.
Ciyar da takaddun takin zamani na hannun jari
Ana amfani da riguna na sama don duk hanyoyin kwance ne kawai a cikin lokacin girma, a cikin bazara da bazara. Don wannan nasara, daidaitaccen sashi da yawan ciyarwa sun dace - kusan sau 1 a cikin makonni biyu. Lokacin bazara da hunturu, ciyarwa don kwararowar hanyoyi ba a aiwatar dashi.
Takin takin zamani na hanyoyin kwance suna da sauƙin ɗauka: takin gargajiya na musamman don cacti da succulents sun dace dasu. Don wannan amfanin gona, matakin ƙara potassium a cikin abubuwan da takin mai magani ke da mahimmanci.
Yin gogewa da gyaran fuska
An yanke stapelias kawai lokacin da lalacewa, rauni, bushewa yankuna akan tsoffin harbe suka bayyana. Tsarin tsabta mai tsabta na harbe bai ba da damar inganta kayan ado na bushes kawai ba, har ma don haɓaka haɓakar haɓakar lateral. A cikin hanyoyin kwance, za a iya yanke tsofaffin harbe duk shekara, tare da kawar da buƙatar tsaftacewa yayin dasawa.
Transpeli dasawa da canza ruwa
Stapelias suna jin tsoron juyawa, ana adana tsire-tsire a cikin kwantena iri ɗaya har sai an sami buƙatar gaggawa don dasawa ko rabuwa. A cikin girma girma na al'ada, za a iya dasa stapelias na manya fiye da 1 lokaci a cikin shekaru 2-3 ko har sai inji ya sami isasshen sarari a cikin tsohuwar ganga. Za'a iya maye gurbin dasawar ta hanyar hanyoyin sauki don canza ruwan injin da kuma datse mafi tsufa.
Don hanyoyin kwance, ana amfani da ƙananan tukwane, tun da sun haɗu da yawa a cikin girman, kuma tsarin tushen ba ya bambanta a cikin manyan kima. Abun iyawa dole ne ya tabbata.
Don hannun jari ya zama dole yi amfani da gaurayawar ƙasa na musamman don succulents da cacti. Idan aka gauraya ƙasa da kansa, to, yana samar da ƙarin abun ciki na yashi. Sauƙi mai sauƙi na turɓaya ƙasa da yashi a cikin rabo na 2 zuwa 1, da ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka masu rikitarwa, za su yi. Ya fi kyau a ƙara gawayi ga kowane ƙasa mai ɓarna.
A kasan kwantena don girma hannun jari sa babban Layer na malalewa, wanda ya zama aƙalla 1/3 na tukunyar tukunya. Hanyar juyawa da kanta ba ta da sauƙi. Kwallon duniya ya fi kyau kada a rusa. Don tsoffin hanyoyin kwance, a hankali cire tsohuwar, harbe mai raguwa. Yawancin lokaci suna cikin tsakiyar kanti, sannu a hankali juya woody kuma bushe fita, ganimar tasirin ado. Irin wannan tsabtatawa yana ba da izinin tsire-tsire don yin fure mai ban mamaki, saboda peduncles yana bayyana ne kawai a cikin ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan matasa. Bayan tsaftacewa, sauran ragowar bushes ɗin suna cikin kwanciyar hankali ko an raba su da kyau cikin sassa 2-3, suna ƙoƙari suyi kyau, ba tsirrai masu tsire-tsire ba. Stapelias ana shuka su a daidai matakin da suke girma cikin tsoffin kwantena. Ba za a kammala juyawar da ruwa ba: ana yin gwajin haske ne kawai bayan mako guda, in ba haka ba akwai babban haɗarin asarar succulent saboda lalacewa.
Babban stapelia (Stapelia grandiflora)Cututtuka da kwari na stapelia
Abinda kawai ke barazanar wannan maye shine rashin kulawa.Rotting sakamakon yawaitar ruwa mai yawa ko ma shayarwa na yau da kullun lokacin da aka kiyaye shi sanyi shine sanadiyyar asarar shuka. Sakamakon shaye shaye an bayyana shi a cikin ɓacin rai, gajiya, sannan bushewarwa ta biyo bayan bushewa da lalata.
Matsalolin girma gama gari:
- waterlogging na kasar gona da wilting ko lalata da mai tushe;
- bayyanar konewa a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye;
- shimfiɗa shuka a cikin in banda miya ko kuma aski
Haihuwar Stapelia
Stapelias ba shine mafi sauƙin maye gurbi ba. Kuna iya samun zuriya daga stapelia daga tsaba, amma galibi kuna amfani da hanyoyin ciyayi:
- rabuwa da bushes zuwa manyan sassan yayin dasawa;
- yanke.
Yanke daga stapelia an yanke su daga tsohuwar harbe, kuma zaku iya amfani da waɗancan tushe waɗanda aka cire yayin dasawa, ya bar yanka ya bushe kwanaki da yawa. Kafe cuttings a dan kadan damp yashi. Wannan tsari yana da ɗan gajeren lokaci, amma gurɓar ruwa na iya haifar da lalata tsire-tsire, kuma rashin isasshen danshi na iya bushe furanni. Bayan dasa, ana shuka tsire-tsire kai tsaye a cikin kwantena.
Shuka tsirrai masu yawa na kusan shekara guda, furanni marasa walƙiya ba su da kulawa kuma da ƙyar ake yanke shawarar barin kan shuka domin samun cikakkiyar balaga da yawa. Ee, da kuma rashin adana halaye na farko, maye gurbi da sakamakon rarrabuwa ya sanya mu bar yaduwar iri a madadin gishirin itace. Amma idan kuna son samun adadin tsirrai, to, wannan zaɓi shine mafi kyau. 'Ya'yan kwance a kwandon shara an shuka su ne a cikin wani wuri mai yashi mai sauki, an rufe su da ƙasa. A karkashin fim ko gilashi, za su yi girma cikin kusan wata guda. Tsire-tsire suna nutse yayin da suke ƙaruwa, suna canjawa zuwa kananan tukwane. A cikin shekara guda, hanyoyin kwance matasa zasu buƙaci wani juyawa: yana da kyau a aiwatar da shi ba ta hanyar gargajiya ba, amma ta hanyar natsuwa.
Kula da matasa hanyoyin kwance kamar yadda kuma ga tsirrai.
