Kyakkyawan ciyayi mai laushi kusa da gidan ƙasar shine mafarkin kowane mai shi da yake son samun tsari cikin komai. Sabon shiga harkokin lawn ba koyaushe yin tunani game da yadda ake shuka ciyawa ba daidai, saboda duka dill da faski suna toho a gadaje. Wadanne matsaloli ne zasu iya kasancewa tare da ciyawa idan ya girma ko'ina, har ma ba tare da taimakon dan adam ba? A zahiri, ƙirƙirar faren kore fa labari ne daban. Ba za ku iya yin ba tare da fasaha na musamman har ma ba tare da ƙarin kayan aikin ba.
Inda za a iya dasa ciyawar ciyawa, kuma a ina ba
Dasa lawn abu ne mai sauki, amma ba tare da kulawa ta yau da kullun ba zai hanzarta daina zama mai daɗin ido.
Kuna iya ƙirƙirar ciyawa a kusan kowane yanki. Sassan layin kwance mai dacewa da ratsa jiki, yankuna masu duhu da inuwa, tare da yashi ko ƙasa. Ana magance matsalolin tashin hankali yawanci ta hanyar zaɓar ganye - koyaushe koyaushe zaka iya samun waɗanda basu da ma'ana, alal misali, zuwa ƙwayar ƙasa ko fallasa haske.
Idan mazaunin rani yana da damar da za i daidai inda zai fasa lawn, to yankuna na rana sun fi dacewa - ciyayinsu yana rufe da kafet mai ɗimbin yawa, kuma filayen baligai wani lokacin suna samin tsari a inuwa.
Idan wurin ya cika ruwa ko ruwa mai zurfi a ƙasa - to wannan shine dalilin da yasa ba'a shirya farfajiyar anan ba. Aƙalla har sai an gama aikin magudanar ruwa.
Don kare kanka daga matsalolinda zasu yiwu, tsarin lawn yana buƙatar yin tunani (ko kuma mafi kyawun zane) a gaba. A shafin da aka tsara don shimfidar wurare, ana iya samun bishiyoyi, gadajen fure, wasu sassa. Shin suna tsoma baki tare da ciyawar motsi, da kuma yadda za a guji matsaloli? Duk wannan dole ne a yi la’akari. Idan, alal misali, amfani da ciyawa ta motsi, to, tsakanin yankin ciyawa da bangon gidan (shinge, tsare) yakamata ya sami sarari kyauta na 1 m faɗin.
Tef ɗin kan iyaka zai taimaka iyakance yankin na farfaɗar ciyawa don kar ya “makara” sauran tsiron
Ba za ku iya ƙirƙirar ciyawar kusa da tuddai ba, tsaunukan fure da gadaje na fure, saboda ciyawar ciyawa (yawancinsu hatsi ce) a sauƙaƙe haɓaka sabbin yankuna kuma suna iya lalata ciyayi masu mahimmanci. Kwararru suna kiran wannan sabon abu "lawn shimfida" kuma suna bada shawarar ware "mawaƙi" daga maƙwabta tare da filastik ko ɓarkewar baƙin ƙarfe wanda aka tono a cikin ƙasa.
Amma game da bishiyoyi ko manyan tsirrai, matsalar anan ita ce ciyawar da ke matsowa kai tsaye ga akwati yakan zama dalilin shigar sa cikin ƙasa - tushen wuya bishiyar ta fara yaɗuwa, sai tsirin ya mutu. A saboda wannan dalili, masana ba su bayar da shawarar watsewar ciyawar kai tsaye a gindin bishiya ko ciyawa ba. Idan ana aiwatar da bishiyoyi da shirya rago a lokaci guda, wannan zaɓi yana yiwuwa - don samar da karamin tsauni tare da saman lebur ya dasa itace a kai. Don haka ciyawa da bishiyar za su zama maƙwabta masu kyau.
Yanayi ba tare da wanda ciyawar ba tayi girma ba
Ba tare da aiwatar da makircin ba zaku iya yin mafarki game da ciyawa.
Muhimmin yanayi don samuwar ingantaccen lawn sune:
- share yankin datti a gaba da cire shi (ba za ku iya rufe kwalayen filastik ko reshe a kan ciyawar da za a yi nan gaba ba);
- turawa;
- tono ƙasa tare da ƙari da takin zamani;
- anti-sako magani;
- matakin shafin da hada shi da wani abin nadi;
- yin shuka a cikin kwana 1 a kan dukkan maƙarƙashiya (don seedlingsan itace na uniform);
- a nan gaba - watering na yau da kullun, weeding, mowing.
Abin da tsaba don zaɓar sabon shiga
Ciyawar da ake amfani da ita don yin lawn dole ne ta cika wasu bukatu da yawa:
- kasance perennials;
- a saba da yanayin cikin gida;
- da tsarin tushen karfi;
- ninka ba kawai ta tsaba ba, har ma da ciyawa;
- ba da kyaututtukan abokantaka a farkon farkon girma;
- amsa da kyau ga aski.
Mutumin da bai yi aiki a kan ciyawa ba yana yawan sha'awar abin da ake so: don haɓaka cakuda ganye ko guda ɗaya? A cewar masana, don sabon shiga, ana son wadatarwa - lawn cocin shine mafi tsayayye, yana buƙatar karancin hankali. An fi amfani da monopods ga shafuka na mashahuri, sun fi girma cikin kayan ado, amma sun fi ƙarfin barinwa.
Ciyawa suna dacewa da yanayin Rasha:
- Bluegrass. Zai iya girma akan ƙasa mara kyau, yana ba da seedlings a baya fiye da wasu albarkatu, yayi kama da na ado, zai iya kawar da ciyawa. Ana amfani dashi sau da yawa ba a cikin hanyar monoculture (tun da tushen sa tushe a hankali), amma a matsayin tushen ciyawar cakuda.
Meadowgrass Lawn ne kusan ba ya canzawa kwari
- Abubuwan Polevole. Tsayayyar sanyi, yana da kyau a kan Lawn godiya ga duhu, m ganye. Zai iya tsayayya da ciyawar, yayi girma ba tare da daskararru ba. Ya ba da haƙuri ga yawancin hanyoyin gashi ba tare da jin daɗi ba.
A polevole ne na bakin ciki wata fassara, amma har yanzu bai yi haƙuri mai tsanani fari
- Ryegrass. A matsayin monoculture, ana amfani dashi a yankuna tare da injin mai ɗanɗano, tunda ba shi da juriya mai sanyi. A wasu yankuna ana iya amfani dashi azaman gauraya ko azaman masarautar shekara. Yana da kyawawan ganyen matsakaici. Harbe yana da abokantaka wanda wasu lokuta masu shi kan fi son su yanke irin wannan lawns.
Ana amfani da Ryegrass ba kawai don dalilai na kayan ado ba, amma har ma ya girma don aikin gona
- Red fescue. Ba a ɗauka cikin kulawa, za'a iya amfani dashi azaman ciyawar mai zaman kanta da kuma gauraya. Otsan buɗe ido suna bayyana da sauri kuma tare, gashin gashi yana haƙuri da kyau. Kusan ba ya cutar da cututtukan fungal, cikin nasara ke magance fari.
Red fescue iya yi ba tare da ruwa na dogon lokaci kuma ba zai mutu ba, amma bayyanar za ta kasance mai bacin rai
- Kai tsaye wuta (makiyaya). Abin hatsi mai ban mamaki - a kan ƙasa mara kyau ta tsiro fiye da yadda ake samun ciyawa. Sauran tsire-tsire suna amfani da shi: idan ƙasa ke da kyau sosai, suna kawar da wuta da sauri daga ƙasa.
Wasu daga cikin ciyawa za a iya kiran su "tsire-tsire na musamman" tsire-tsire, saboda suna taimakawa mazaunan bazara don magance matsaloli daban-daban:
- itacen orom na Bluegrass ya fi kyau fiye da sauran albarkatu a inuwa na ɓangare;
- bluegrass marsh da kyau yana jure yanayin ƙasa;
- filin kare katako yana da matukar kyau, yana da wani salo, mai launi mai launi;
- filin harbe-harben yana da harbe-harbe masu ban sha'awa da launi mai sauƙi fiye da sauran ciyawar ciyawa; yana da ban sha'awa ga haɗuwa.
Abubuwan da aka haɗa da lawn da yawa na iya haifar da novice zuwa tsayawa, don haka kafin sayen tsaba, kuna buƙatar sha'awar dalilin da yasa ake yin cakuda cakuda. Don sauƙaƙe kewaya, dukkansu sun kasu kashi biyu:
- Cakuda wuri ne na duniya. Kafa daga Hardy, sauri germination ganye. An kasa tsayayya da ciyawa. Buƙatar asarar gashi sau da yawa.
- Hadakar wasanni. Ya dace da filin wasa, hutu.
- Gaurayawan nau'in makiyaya. Tsayayyen hatsi da furanni, ba da alama ta tobs. Don tsananin, sau da yawa mown lawns basu dace ba.
- Elite Mixes. Wuya don kulawa, amma kayan ado sosai.
- Haɗe-haɗe da aka tsara don takamaiman yanayi da yanayi na musamman (misali shading).
Misalin yadda za'a iya hada ganyaye a cakuda ɗaya: fescue - 60%, bluegrass - 30%, ciyawar filin - 10%.
Yadda za a dasa ciyawa a shafin: mataki-mataki umarnin
Idan ciyawar ta yi birgima, tam ƙasa a ƙarƙashinsa
Kai tsaye shuka iri ake yi kafin babban shiri. Yana da kamar haka:
- An cire turmin daga cikin makircin da aka sanya don lawn (ta amfani da felu ko mashin na musamman).
- Suna kulawa da ƙasa tare da herbicides don lalata tushen ƙwanƙwasa (aiki na hanu baya yarda ya sami sakamakon da ake so).
- Farfajiyar ta yi kyau a hankali, ba tare da lafuzzan ko a kwance ba. Transferredasa daga wurare masu tsayi ana canzawa zuwa ramuka, ƙananan kwari. A lokaci guda, ana daidaita abun da ke cikin ƙasa - idan yana da ƙarancin gaske, ƙara peat da aka saya; idan yumbu mai nauyi, zuba yashi domin ya wuce ruwa da iska zuwa tushen tsirrai. Idan ya cancanta, ana yin magudanan ruwa yadudduka biyu - bulo da yashi, kuma an shimfiɗa ƙasa mai dausayi a saman.
- Don watanni 1-1.5, ana kiyaye ƙasa a ƙarƙashin tururi, yana cire ciyayi akai-akai. Wani lokacin wannan matakin yana tsallake, wani lokacin - ana shuka ƙasa tare da ganye mai amfani don ƙasa (lupine, vetch, farin mustard) kuma, tare da tsire-tsire (a ƙarshen lokacin fallow), suna haƙa ƙasa.
- Mako guda kafin shuka ciyawar ciyawa, an yadu da takin ƙasa a kowane wuri (a kowace 1 murabba'in M - 40-60 g kowace) kuma tare da taimakon rake suna zurfafa cikin ƙasa da misalin 5 cm.
- Lumbulen ƙasa kada su kasance a farfajiya na ƙasa - suna kuma yaƙe tare da rake ko (idan maƙarƙashiyar babba ce) mai noma.
Bayan an shirya ƙasa, zaku iya dasa ciyawa a cikin ƙasar da hannuwanku. Ga kowane muraba'in mita, za su buƙaci daga 35 zuwa 50 g na tsaba. Don shuka dukkan ɓangaren maƙarƙashiya a daidai, auna yanki da ake buƙata, zaɓi ƙarfin da ya dace don ɗaga kowane lokaci daidai adadin tsaba da ake buƙata. Daga slats na bakin ciki suna yin firam a cikin nau'i na murabba'i tare da bangarorin daidai yake da 1 m.
Kuma a nan ne matakai na gaba:
- Ana shimfiɗa ƙirar samfurin a ƙasa kuma ana zuba tsaba a ƙasa a cikin iyakokinta. Rabin - daga sama zuwa ƙasa, sauran rabin - daga hagu zuwa dama (don haka ana rarraba su daidai).
- A saman tsaba, ba tare da cire firam ba, zuba ɗan peat kuma mirgine shi tare da mini-rolle ko kuma wani bututun zagaye.
- Ta wannan hanyar, mataki-mataki, gaba ɗaya an shuka ciyayi.
- Bayan haka, ana shayar da wurin da ruhun da aka fesar.
Lingsalingsan itace yawanci suna bayyana a rana ta 4 bayan shuka, kuma bayan makonni 4-6 alkama ya bayyana da kyau.
Matasa lawn yana buƙatar ƙarin shayarwa fiye da girma
Idan sakamakon ba a gamsu da shi ba, mahaliccin lawn yayi nazari: ko an yi komai daidai. Kuskuren da ya zama ruwan dare a tsakanin masu farawa shine hadawa kafin shuka iri da yashi a cikin rabo na 1: 1 (wannan ya dace saboda tsaba ƙanana ne). Haka ne, gogaggen lambu suna yin wannan, amma sabon shiga sau da yawa ba sa ɓatar - sun ɗora sama yashi fiye da tsaba, kuma a sakamakon haka sun sami m ramuka a kan ciyawa.
Wata tambaya mai mahimmanci: menene mafi kyawun yanayi don ƙirƙirar lawns? Zai fi kyau ga mai kula da lambun novice yin hakan a cikin bazara:
- a lokacin shuka, za su sami lokacin yin tushe sosai kuma, a nan gaba, cikin nasara hunturu;
- idan an sami kurakurai a cikin aikin, akwai isasshen lokaci da ya rage wa mai shi don gyara su - bazara, farkon faɗuwar rana;
- springasar bazara tana da wadatar danshi, wannan zai taimaka wa ciyawa girma.
Shawara daga kwararru: a gefuna na Lawn, ya kamata a zuba tsaba a lokacin farin ciki fiye da sashinta na tsakiya, kusan sau biyu, kuma yakamata a yi aiki cikin yanayin kwanciyar hankali, don kada tsaba su watsa zuwa inda ba lallai ba ne.
Wasu ƙwararrun masu ba da shawara game da bidiyo
Mene ne mafi ƙarancin kulawa da kuke buƙatar tabbatarwa bayan shuka kanku
Ana buƙatar yin tunani ta atomatik kafin dasa shuki a ciyawa
Shuka - da mantawa? Wannan dabara ba shakka game da lawn. Yana buƙatar kulawa mai mahimmanci daga mai kula da lambu ko malamin bazara, musamman a farkon shekarar. Yana da mahimmanci yadda ciyawar ta mamaye, yadda aka kafe sosai don murna da kyanta tsawon shekaru.
Ofayan manyan abubuwan kulawa shine shayarwa. Danshi a cikin ƙasa ana buƙatar musamman a cikin lokacin shuka iri, za su mutu a busasshiyar ƙasa ba tare da ƙyamare ba. Koyaya, ba za a yarda a yi amfani da ruwa ba, kamar yadda kada a tsokane samuwar gansakuka, daddare, daddare. Mafi kyawun adadin ban ruwa shine kowane kwanaki 3-4. Zai fi dacewa - ta hanyar fesa ruwa (ko yayyafa shi).
Tare da ciyawar, masana ba su bayar da shawarar yin hanzari ba - ya kamata a yi kawai lokacin da ciyawar ta yi ƙarfi kuma ana iya hawa ta. A matsakaita, wannan lokacin ya zo a watan 1. Kuma ko da bayan wannan sako dole ne a kula da hankali - kwance kwano na plywood da tsayawa a kai, ba kai tsaye kan ciyawa ba. Wasu lambu suna yin haka: suna yin wani abu kamar gajeren skis daga sassan plywood kuma suna ɗaure su zuwa takalma - matsanancin akan lawn a wannan yanayin an rarraba shi a ko'ina.
Matsayi mai mahimmanci na gaba shine mowing. Godiya gareshi, a hanya, akwai 'yan matsaloli a cikin ciyawa, saboda ba a “datsa amfanin gona”, yana hana su kirkiro tsaba da kuma ci gaba da kai farmaki ga ciyawa. Za'a iya yin mowing na farko lokacin da ciyawar ciyawa ta kai cm 12-15, yakamata a yanke shi kusan 5 cm .. Kayan aiki don wannan aikin ya kamata a shirya sosai: idan wukake sun yi ja da baya a kan mower, zai fara share tsirrai tare da tushen. Tsarin yaduwar itace sau ɗaya ne kowane 7-10 a cikin rani, ƙasa da kaka.
Shirya yadda yakamata na lawn don hunturu yana da matukar muhimmanci - lallai ne a datse shi, a tsabtace ganye yana tashi daga bishiyoyi.
Menene zai iya lalata Lawn? Abin mamaki ma, karnuka. An cire nau'ikan mahimmancin aikin su daga murfin ciyawa '' ƙone '' ciyawar, filayen m na iya bayyana a kan kafet kore.
Lawn da aka dasa tare da ciyawa mai ciyawa, tare da kulawa ta dace, da sauri ya zama na ado. Zai kasance tsawon shekaru, idan an tallafa masa ta hanyar shayarwa na yau da kullun da kuma kayan miya, a cikin lokaci don yankewa kuma a hankali shirya don hunturu.
