Irin wannan karamin halittar tsirrai kamar cotyledon (Cotyledon) yana da alaƙa kai tsaye ga dangin Crassulaceae. A cewar bayanai daban-daban, wannan halittar tana hadewa daga 10 zuwa 40 na tsirrai masu kwari. A dabi'a, ana iya samun su a yankin Larabawa, a Habasha da Afirka ta Kudu.
Siffar halayyar wakilan wannan nau'in ita ce ƙaramar girmanta (da ƙarancin tsayinsu ya wuce santimita 150), mai kauri ne mai kauri wanda ya lanƙwasa tsawon lokaci, har ila yau yana da mutuƙar fata. Takaddun ganye na gaskiya ko dai na gajeru ne ko kuma marasa ganye, tare da kowanne nau'in ganye na gaba akan bibiyar dake a wani zangon 90 digiri na baya.
Wannan shuka fure a cikin bazara. A wannan lokacin, shinge mai laushi da tsayin daka suna fitowa daga saman mai tushe. Suna ɗaukar sako-sako da lafazin inflorescences. Furanni suna drooping, kuma suna da ƙarfi kama da karrarawa. Akwai coylall mai laka biyar da wuta guda biyar. Stamens a cikin adadin guda 10 suna zaune a cikin corolla, kuma kusan ba sa aiki a waje. Cotyledon blooms quite yalwa kuma na dogon lokaci. Lokacin da furanni ya ƙare, sandunan da aka kafa sun fara farawa, a cikinsu akwai yawancin ƙananan ƙwayoyin launin ruwan kasa mai siffar mai sihiri.
Kula da cotyledon a gida
Ba a bambanta wannan tsirarwa ta hanyar kulawa da ingancinsa.
Haske
Cotyledon yana buƙatar haske mai haske tare da hasken rana kai tsaye, saboda haka ana bada shawara don zaɓar taga ta kudu don fuskantar wuri. Hakanan, irin wannan fure yana girma sosai akan windows na yamma da gabas, amma a wannan yanayin bazai iya yin fure ba.
Za ku iya fahimtar cewa babu haske kaɗan ta mai tushe mai zurfi da faranti na ganye.
Yanayin Zazzabi
A lokacin rani, shuka ya fi dacewa a zazzabi na 18 zuwa 20. Yana da kyau a tuna cewa a wannan lokacin yana buƙatar iska mai yawan gaske. Zai fi kyau canza shi zuwa titi (a cikin lambu, a baranda) a cikin lokacin dumi.
A cikin hunturu, irin wannan shuka mai maye gurbin yana buƙatar sanyi (daga digiri 10 zuwa 15). Idan dakin yayi sanyi, sannan shuka, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya kamu da rashin lafiya - ganyayensa sun zama mai laushi kuma ba ji ba gani. Ba'a bada shawarar hunturu mai zafi don cotyledon, saboda a wannan yanayin bazai iya fara fure ba.
Yadda ake ruwa
Wannan inji ya saba da yanayin yanayin ƙasa. A wannan batun, watering ne da za'ayi a hankali. A lokacin rani, kuna buƙatar ruwa kawai bayan substrate ya bushe sosai. Tare da sanyi hunturu, ana iya fitar da watering gabaɗaya. Idan hunturu yana da ɗumi, to, ana shayar da su kamar yadda yake a lokacin bazara.
Idan ruwa ya yi tsauri cikin tsari a cikin ƙasa, wannan zai taimaka ga ci gaban tushen da ganyen ganye.
Shayar da ruwa mai laushi a zazzabi a daki, wanda kafin wannan ya kamata a zauna dashi sosai.
Haushi
Yana girma sosai al'ada kuma yana haɓaka tare da ƙarancin iska a cikin ɗakin gari. Ba ya buƙatar ƙara ƙaruwa da iska a kowace hanya.
Abubuwan Kulawa
Bai buƙatar ƙirƙira scraps. Koyaya, an bada shawara don yanke tsayi tsirrai domin ya hana ci gaban su.
Cakuda ƙasa
Asan da ta dace ya kamata ya zama mai dutse, sako-sako da kuma ba mai cike da abubuwan gina jiki. Don shirya cakuda ƙasa, kuna buƙatar haɗa sheet da yumɓu-turf ƙasa, ƙaramin tsakuwa da yashi mara nauyi, yayin ɗaukar su daidai gwargwado. Hakanan kuna buƙatar zuba karamin gawayi da abincin kashi a cikin cakuda.
Don dasa shuki, zaku iya siyan ƙasa da aka yi shirye don cacti da succulents, amma kuna buƙatar zuba ƙwayar da aka faɗaɗa a ciki.
Taki
Irin wannan shuka kusan ba'a taɓa buƙatar sa ba. Don haka, a cikin lokacin bazara-kaka zai buƙaci kawai suttura 3 ko 4 kawai. Don yin wannan, ana bada shawara don amfani da takin gargajiya na cacti. A cikin hunturu, an daina ciyar da abinci.
Siffofin Juyawa
Tun da irin wannan fure ya girma a hankali kuma ba shi da tushe mai yawa, yawanci ba lallai ba ne don dasa shi. Cewa yana da daraja dasa wani shuka, kambi zai faɗeshi. Don haka, idan diamitarsa ta zama mafi girma daga diamita na kwandon, to ya cancanci yin juyawa zuwa cikin tukunyar da ta fi girma. Don haka, samfuran manya suna dasa shi, a matsayin mai mulkin, sau ɗaya kowace shekara 3, kuma matasa sun fi yawa.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Kuna iya yaduwa ta hanyar yanka da tsaba. Shuka tsaba ya kamata a da za'ayi a cikin bazara kuma daidai bi umarnin a kan marufi. Tsaba suna girma sosai, amma yana ƙoƙari don samun samfuran balagaggu daga seedling.
Yin yaduwa da itace yana da sauki. An shuka su cikin ruwan yashi mai laushi. Rooting yakan faru, yawanci bayan makonni 4.
Karin kwari da cututtuka
Wani mealybug zai iya tsayawa kan tsiro. Ana iya cire irin wannan kwaro tare da swabs auduga wanda aka sanyaya tare da barasa. Idan akwai kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani, yi jiyya tare da wakilin sinadaran da ya dace.
Idan a cikin lokacin bazara cotyledon yana cikin gonar, to katantanwa zai iya warware ta. A wannan batun, zai fi kyau kada a bar kwandon ɗin ya shigo tare da ƙasar gona ko wasu tsire-tsire.
Resistant isa ya cutar. Koyaya, rot na iya bayyana saboda yawan ruwa.
A lokacin rani, wani ɓangare na ganye na iya faɗuwa, wanda yake na halitta ne.
Tsanani Yawancin nau'in, gami da waɗanda ke girma a cikin gida, suna ɗauke da abubuwa masu guba. Dangane da wannan, kuna buƙatar yin aiki tare da fure a hankali, kuma zaɓi wuri mara amfani don ita ga yara da dabbobi.
Babban nau'ikan
Kawai nau'ikan 4 na irin wannan shuka sunada mashahuri tare da masu girbin fure.
Cotyledon zagaye (Cotyledon orbiculata)
Wannan nau'in ya fi shahara tsakanin 'yan lambu. Wannan ciyawa, da ke girma a cikin daji, tana iya kaiwa tsawon santimita 90-130. Gabaɗaya, ganye mai laushi suna da siffar kwai mai juyawa, wanda da alama za'a iya bayyana shi azaman zagaye-triangular. Tsawonsu ya bambanta daga 7 zuwa 13 santimita. A farfajiyar ganye da ganye akwai wani farin haske mai laushi na kakin zuma, wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ake zana sassan jikin daji tare da inuwa mai launin shuɗi-mai launin toka-launin toka. Gefen farantin takardar yana da launin burgundy. Furannin furanni masu launin shuɗi-kadan sunyi kadan, bututun corolla ya kai tsawon santimita 1-2. An sanya su a kan doguwar tsayi (tsayi har zuwa santimita 60), lokacin farin ciki, wanda aka fentin cikin burgundy. Akwai wadatattun furanni masu launin shuɗi.
Wavy sandsana (Cotyledon undulata)
Wannan ciyawar tana da cikakken karami, don haka tsayinsa bai wuce rabin mita ba. Ganyayyaki masu fa'ida suna da gefuna masu fiɗa, saboda haka suna da kama da sikirin. Wannan nau'in kuma yana da farin gashi mai laushi wanda yakamata a dunƙule yayan ganye da kuma mai tushe, sakamakon abin da suka samo launin kore mai launin shuɗi. A farfajiyar ciyawar furanni mai nauyin burgundy, wanda tsayinsa zai iya kaiwa santimita 25, akwai rabe-rabensu masu launin. Launi na furanni ya bambanta daga orange zuwa rawaya, yayin da bututun ƙarfe ya kai tsawon mil 16-18.
Cotyledon ji (Cotyledon tomentosa)
Wannan shi ne mafi ƙanƙanci a cikin kowane nau'in, don haka tsayinsa zai iya bambanta daga 10 zuwa 15 santimita. Wannan nau'in ya shahara tsakanin yawancin mutane da gaskiyar cewa akan danshi, maimakon murfin kakin zuma, akwai wadatar zuci. Puffy, m ganye na elongated ovoid a cikin babba bangare suna da hakora kama da claws. Tsawon farantin takardar shine santimita 2.5, sannan faɗin shine santimita 1.2. Bayyanuwar irin wannan tsiron ya rinjayi bayyanar da suna na biyu - "bear paw". Fentin Bell ana fentin launin shuɗi mai ruwan shuɗi.
Lady Smith (Cotyledon Ladismithiensis)
Wani nau'in halitta kamar Cotyledon Lady Smith (Cotyledon Ladismithiensis) shima ya zama ruwan dare gama gari. Alamar ta ta zamani ce wacce take da farin haske sosai. Akwai kuma wasu launuka iri-iri iri daban-daban tare da furen da aka kera su.
Cotyledon cacaloid (Cotyledon cacalioides)
Irin wannan shukar tana da karanci. Don haka, tsayinsa, a matsayin mai mulkin, bai wuce santimita 20 ba. Layin layi, silili, ganye mai launin shuɗi-tsayi a tsawonsa ya kai santimita 5-6. Su wani bangare ne na fararen ciyayi mai kauri, wadanda suke akan wasu tsoffin bishiyoyi masu kauri. Furen furanni ya kai kimanin santimita 30 kuma akwai furanni da yawa na orange, rawaya ko ja a kai.
