A halin yanzu, tsakanin sauran albarkatun salatin kayan lambu, kayan abinci na Rum ya fara tsayawa wuri - salatin kayan lambu na arugula (arugula, rucola). Na dogon lokaci shi baƙon abu ne ga abincin Rasha. Idan a Italiya a ƙarni na farko, an ɗauki arugula a matsayin kayan lambu mai mahimmanci a kan teburin cin abinci, ana amfani dashi azaman yaji, to, a Rasha ya kasance mai rikicewa ne kawai kuma a cikin karni na 20-21 ya fara azaman salatin shuka don mamaye wuri mai dacewa a cikin abincin menus na yankuna na mu.
Arugula, ko Shuka shuka, ko Indau shuka, ko shuka Eruka (Eruca vesicaria, syn. Eruca sativa)A halin yanzu, a cikin Rasha, "Italiyanci" an ba shi isasshen matsayin azaman al'adun abinci. Ba ya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, yana girma cikin yankuna a cikin yanayi mai tsananin zafi.
Ana iya girma Arugula:
- a cikin ƙasa bude ta shuka iri da ta shuka;
- a cikin gidan kore ta hanyar shuka iri kai tsaye da kuma ta hanyar shuka;
- a gida a kan tebur windowsills.
Ina gayyatarku, ya ku masu karatu, don sanin hanyoyin da ake girma na arugula, fasali da nau'ikan tsiro a cikin gidaje da lambuna.
Arugula a cikin tsarin shuka
A cikin daji, a Rasha, ana samun arugula a cikin yankin Turai, a cikin matakan Dagestan da Caucasus. A cikin yanayi na halitta, ta fi son bushe, haske, ƙasa mara nauyi.
A cikin qasashe daban-daban na duniya ana kiranta da sunaye daban-daban: salatin roka, rauka, roka, roka, arugula, rugola, rughetta, partying, indau, eruca. A cikin Federationungiyar Rasha, sukan kira ɗanɗano, ciyawar cikin gida, kuma a wasu yankuna - mustard daji.
Arugula a cikin tsarin shuka shine ɓangare na dangin Brassicaceae. Sunan kimiyya na duniya shine Eruca sativa.
Arugula shuka ne mai ban sha'awa. A karkashin sunan kasuwa "Arugula" akwai nau'in salad biyu:
- lambun arugula (Eruca sativa), sunan Botanical shuka cikiko shuka matafila, ko shuka Eruka (Eruca vesicaria).
- daji arugula, ko sunan Botanical bakin ciki (Diplotaxis tenuifolia).
Dukkan jinsunan suna da dandano mai kyau, suna ba da jita-jita ƙanshin ƙanshin abincin mustard. Dubawa da sauri, suna da kamannu sosai, amma har yanzu suna da tsire-tsire iri biyu.
Banbancin halaye
Iri daban-daban na lambun arugula, ko indau - tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara. Distinwararren fasalin shine nau'in lyrical na ƙananan ganye tare da jagged, wani lokacin m. Furanni a cikin ƙarancin dogayen haske na sautunan haske (fararen fata, cream, launin shuɗi, tare da gudana mai ruwan hoda). Ana amfani da ganyen ta hanyar dandano mai kauri mai tsini tare da bayanin mustard. An shirya tsaba a cikin kwafsa a cikin layi biyu, kama da tsaba mustard.
Arugula daji, ko biconductor na farin ciki, yana nufin perennials. Tall, har zuwa 70 cm tsire-tsire suna da haɗuwa ga masauki. Distinwararren fasalin shine nau'in raunin ganye na ƙananan ƙananan kayan furanni: kunkuntar, tsayi, watsa. Don dandana, ganyen ya fi na shekara shekara ciyawa. Furanni kuma ana kasancewa cikin dogaye, busassun sako, amma launin kayan corolla yana da rawaya, yana juyawa zuwa orange. Tsaba a cikin kwasfan fayiloli kadan ne (kamar tsaba), an shirya su a cikin layuka 2. Masu sha'awar jita-jita masu laushi sun fi son arugula daji.
A cikin Tarayyar Rashanci, arugula na lambu, ko shuka Indow (shuka Erica) shine ya zama ruwan dare. Shayarwa masu shayarwa sama da iri 30 sun dace da namo a yankuna daban-daban na Rasha.
Lambun Arugula, ko shuka Eruka (Eruca vesicaria) 
Arugula daji ne, ko ganye mai Tricky (Diplotaxis tenuifolia).
Bayanin Botanical na Arugula
Indau (arugula) tsiro ne na 40-60 cm tare da madaidaiciya, madaidaiciya, ɗan ƙaramin tsiro. Tushen sanda ne. Tushen Tushen ya haifar da Rosette. Suna da kauri sosai, an rufe su da gashi. Suna da ɗanɗano-barkono mai ɗan yaji tare da ƙanshin mustard mai ɗanɗano. Tsarin ganye mai ganye ya dogara da iri-iri da nau'in arugula. Leavesasan ganyayyaki suna da elongated, obovate tare da raunin ganye mai narkewa, za'a watsa shi zuwa nau'in lyre mai siffa ko serrated lobes akan petioles mai tsayi. Za a iya yin gefuna gefyen ganyen, tare da ɗakin kwana ko geɗa.
Arugula na fure a watan Mayu - Yuli. Inflorescence ne mai, sako-sako da buroshi. Furanni ƙananan, a cikin tabarau daban-daban: fari, fararen-ruwan hoda, mai launin shuɗi. Corolla petals tare da veins purple. Abubuwan da ba su dace ba cikin siffar. 'Ya'yan itacen sutt ne na elongated a kan gajeren gajere mai kauri. A cikin akwatin, tsaba wanda aka shirya cikin layuka 2 ana matsawa m ko oval zagaye. Launi mai haske launin ruwan kasa, launin ruwan kasa mai haske. Reminiscent na mustard tsaba.
Hanyoyin girma arugula
Ana iya girma Arugula:
- a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa tare da tsaba da tsire-tsire a cikin yankuna na kudanci da yankuna tare da yanayin yanayi;
- a yankuna tare da ɗan gajeren lokacin dumi - ta hanyar seedlings a cikin ƙasa a buɗe ko a cikin yanayin greenhouse;
- a cikin yankuna masu sanyi - a cikin gida mai zafi a cikin albarkatun gado, a cikin hanyoyin samar da ruwa;
- shekara-shekara a cikin al'adun tukunya a gida.
Girma arugula a filin budewa
Zaɓin wuri
Arugula yana buƙatar haske mai haske amma ya bazu. A wurare dabam dabam, ana amfani da gadaje daga rana ta tsirrai masu tsayi (masara, wake a kan trellis) ko ana amfani da wurare masu ƙyalƙyali kaɗan. A cikin wuraren bude wurare a yanayin zafi mai zafi, arugula ya ci gaba da harbi mai sauri, yana samar da leafanyen ganye mai ganye tare da dusar ƙanƙara.
Kasa bukatar
Don arugula, alkaline dan kadan da tsaka-tsakin ƙasa mai tsabta, ruwa-da numfashi, sunada kyau. Arugula ya mutu a kan kasa na acidic, kuma tsayayyen bushes suna samar da ganye mai ƙoshin lafiya.
Idan na dogon lokaci an hadu da ƙasa ne kawai tare da tukwane ma'adinai, to, a ƙarƙashin digging na kaka ya zama dole don ƙara lemun tsami don cire acidity ɗin da aka tara tare da samar da tsire-tsire tare da alli.
Idan akwai lafawar kaka, to a lokacin bazara ne kafin shuka, 35-40 g / sq. m Kemira ko nitrophoski. Idan a cikin shekarun da suka gabata ana amfani da ƙasa da isasshen takin ƙasa, an yi amfani da taki kore, to lallai baza a iya amfani da takin ƙasa a ƙarƙashin arugula lokacin shirya ƙasa.
Idan ba'a zartar da iyakance ba, kuma kasar gona tana buƙatar taki, to zaku iya yin digging a kan murabba'in. m yanki na 30-40 g na nitrophosphate ko urea.
A lokacin girma, zai fi kyau a daina takin arugula, tunda ganyayyaki suna tara sinadarin nitrites da nitrates waɗanda ke cutar lafiyar ɗan adam sosai. Idan akwai jinkiri ga ci gaba, zaku iya aiwatar da suturar foliar tare da microelements (zaku iya siyan su a shagon fure).
Wuri a cikin juyin juya halin al'adu
Mafi kyawun magabata sune Peas da sauran Legrip, zucchini, squash, kabewa, dankali, tumatir, karas. Bayan arugula, ba za a shuka tsire-tsire ba kuma a shuka shi don shekaru 3-5 saboda yuwuwar cututtuka da kwari.
Lokacin girbi
Arugula ya kasance mallakar tsire-tsire ne mai sanyin sanyi, irin kayan noman farkon-sanyi ne.
Tsaba yana fara yin shuka yayin da aka mai da ƙasa a cikin cm 7-10 cm zuwa + 6 ... + 10ºС. Tunda arugula shuki ne mai mahimmanci, yana yiwuwa a aiwatar da albarkatu da yawa tare da rata tsakanin makonni 1.5-2.0 a watan Maris - Afrilu da daukacin farkon lokacin bazara, tare da maimaita wasu amfanin gona biyu a ƙarshen watan Agusta - farkon Satumba. A cikin yankuna masu ɗumi, ana iya girbi amfanin gona daga Satumba zuwa Nuwamba.
Ana iya shuka arugula tare da shuka hunturu kuma a sami karin girbi da wuri. Za'ayi shuka ne a yankuna tare da tsayayyen zazzabi ba tare da thaws na kaka mai tsawo ba, wanda hakan na iya haifar da kumburi da tsirowar tsaba (sannan amfanin gona na gaba zai mutu). Za'ayi shuka kamar misalin a watan Oktoba - Nuwamba, kuma a kudu - a cikin watan Fabrairu.
Lambun Arugula, ko shuka iri-iri, ko Indau shuka, ko shuka Eruka (Eruca vesicaria, syn. Eruca sativa)Agrotechnics Seeding
Ana shuka tsaba Arugula a cikin hanyar talakawa tare da jeri na layi na 30-45 cm. Ana binne tsaba a cikin cm 2, ya dogara da nau'in ƙasa. Wani fasalin al'adu shine tsawaitar lokacin shuka. Sabili da haka, tare da isowar seedlings, ana aiwatar da thinning da yawa, yana barin mafi ƙarfi a cikin kowane layi kowane 8-10 cm. Itatuwan tsire-tsire masu kauri suna haifar da ƙananan ganye, tare da jijiyoyin wuya. Abubuwan Arugula sun fara yin shuka a cikin zafin jiki na + 9 ... + 10ºС, amma mafi kyau don samun shuki mai sauri da aminci shine + 17 ... + 23ºС.
Kulawar Arugula ta waje
Shuka kariya daga cututtuka da kwari
Arugula yana nufin amfanin gona masu tsinkaye. An kafa amfanin gona na ganyayyaki don yankan tsakanin watanni 1-1.5. Sabili da haka, babu wani magani na tsirrai tare da sinadarai da za'ayi wannan aiki.
Canza launi da ganye, bayyanar wasu aibobi, tsiran tsirrai suna nuna wata cuta ko lalacewa ta hanyar kwari. Babban hanyar hana rigakafin:
- ingantaccen tsarin kasar gona;
- lura da al'adu;
- sako;
- yin amfani da kyawawan tsaba da aka shirya don shuka.
Tare da shan kashi na cututtukan fungal da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, an yarda da amfani da biofungicides (phytosporin-M, gamair, alirin, da sauransu). Ana aiwatar da tsire-tsire daidai da shawarwarin. Tare da mummunan shan kashi, ana amfani da tsire-tsire masu cuta daga cikin lambun kuma a lalace, kuma an zubar da wannan wurin tare da maganin daskarar da potassium.
Ganyen kore na arugula yana da kyau ga caterpillars na kabeji, kwari na kabeji da sauran lepidoptera, fleiferous fleas, slugs. Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa ko lokacin da seedlings suka bayyana, wasu lambu suna ba da shawara rufe tsire-tsire tare da kayan murfin (amma ba fim) don kare su daga ƙuƙwalwar kabeji. Yadda yakamata yayyafa ƙasa da tsirrai tare da ƙurar taba, ingantaccen ash. Gudanar da hanyoyin magance ganye, musamman tsutsotsi ba a so. Kasancewa a cikin ganyayyaki, mafita yana ba su ɗan iska mara amfani.
A lokacin girma, an tattara tatsuniyar tutocin katako da ƙuƙwalwa tare da adadinsu mai iyaka da hannu. Kuna iya amfani da magani na tsire-tsire tare da bioinsecticides (bitoxibacillin-BTU-r, aversectin-C, planriz, tabazole, da dai sauransu) bisa ga shawarwarin.
Watse
Watering yana da matukar muhimmanci ga samuwar amfanin gona mai inganci. Rashin ruwa coarsens ganye, yana ba su haushi. Ana yin ruwa a tsakanin tashoshin ruwa, matsanancin matsin lamba, wanda ya sa ƙasa tare da tarkacen ruwa ba ta gurbata ganyen arugula ba. Shayar kowane kwana 2, zai fi dacewa da safe har zuwa awanni 9-10 ko kuma bayan awanni 16 na ranar. Tare da daskararren ruwa (1-2 sau a mako, babban matsayin), ganyen salatin mai yaji ya zama m, saya ƙarancin tsami-ƙanshi mai ƙanshi kuma ba su dace da amfani da dafa abinci ba.
Janar kulawa
Kuna iya ajiye harbe da arugula yayin lokacin dawowar bazara na sanyi ta tsari. Bayan sanyi, dole a cire rufin. Arugula yana da wuya kuma yana iya jure daskarewa na ɗan gajeren lokaci har zuwa -7ºС.
A ƙasa karkashin arugula ne kullum horar da sako-sako da kuma sako-free. Bayan an yi ruwa, kasar gona tana mulched, wanda ba kawai damar riƙe danshi ba, har ma don kare ganye daga gurbata ƙasa yayin shayarwa mai zuwa. Ciyawa tare da kananan humus da yankakken ciyawa. Zazzabin ciyawa a hankali ya ƙaru - daga 2 zuwa 3 cm ko fiye. Ciyawa a ƙarƙashin bushes ɗin an shimfiɗa ta yadda ganye ba su kwance a kan ƙasa ba.
Girbi da adana albarkatu
Za'ayi farkon ganyen ganye na arugula ana aiwatar da su tare da tsawon ganye na 8-12 cm Masu zuwa, kamar yadda suka cancanta. A ƙarshen girbi na kore kore, an adana amfanin gona a cikin firiji, a cikin cellar sanyi, amma ba fiye da kwanaki 7-8 ba. An yanke ganyen da aka yanke, an goge shi daga matsanancin danshi, a nannade cikin takarda mai kauri ko fim kuma an sanya shi akan ƙananan shiryayye.
Lambun Arugula, ko shuka Eruka (Eruca vesicaria).
Girma na arugula a cikin greenhouse
A cikin yanayin greenhouse, arugula za a iya girma a shekara-shekara ta shuka iri ko ta hanyar shuka.
Preparationasa shiri
Idan ba a maye gurbin ƙasa a cikin gidan kore na dogon lokaci ba, ana aiwatar da duk aikin da ake buƙata don lalata da kuma ɗaukar hoto ta ƙananan ƙwayoyin rai (Baikal EM-1, Ekomik yana bada ƙwarin gwiwa, da dai sauransu), zaku iya shuka siderat kuma, tare da tsayi biomass na 10 cm, tono shi a cikin ƙasa ta hanyar tono shi a cikin Layer na 5 cm .
Idan an sabunta ƙasa da tsari, ana yin digging, idan ya cancanta, a sa kemir ko nitrophoska a cikin 15-25 g / sq. m square.
Bayan digging, an murƙushe murfin ƙasa kuma an kafa gadaje. Bayan 'yan kwanaki daga baya, suka shuka.
Shuka tsaba
Kafin shuka, ƙasa tana dafe. Bayan 15-25 cm, layuka na zurfin 1.0 cm an yanke.
An shuka tsaba zuwa zurfin 0.5-1.0 cm. Yayyafa da busasshiyar ƙasa a saman. An rufe shuka da fim.
Kulawa
Tare da shigowar farkon harbe na arugula, an cire fim ɗin. Soilasa ta ƙunshi sako-sako, ba tare da ciyawa ba, ba da izinin samuwar busasshiyar ƙasa. Ana yin aikin ruwa sau da yawa (bayan kwanaki 2), amma a cikin karamin rabo (ba tare da ambaliyar ruwa ba). Haske yana yaduwa amma mai haske. Za'a fara fitar da ganye na ganye ne lokacin da ganyen ya girma zuwa cm 8-10. Mai zuwa - idan ya cancanta.
Don amfani da sabo na arugula na dogon lokaci, ana iya maimaita shuka iri bayan kwanaki 10-15 har zuwa tsakiyar Afrilu.
Girma arugula a gida
A gida, zaku iya shuka wannan ingantaccen amfanin gona shekara-shekara, kuna samar da iyalai da sababbin ganye, musamman ma a farkon bazara.
Girma salatin mai yaji ya fi kyau akan kayan girki. Wasu lokuta tukwane na arugula suna zama kamar shimfidar wuri don mahalli. An sanya al'adar a gaban taga da coasters kuma a wasu ɗakuna. Salatin mai yaji yana son haske mai haske. Tare da rashin haske, ƙarin hasken wuta tare da fitilun mai kyalli ko phytolamps ya zama dole. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi a cikin dakin shine + 18 ... + 20ºС. A yanayin zafi mafi girma, ana aiwatar da iska (ba tare da zayyana ba), yankin da ke kewaye yana dafe daga atomizer da aka tarwatsa.
Shuka da kulawa
Don shuka arugula, ana iya sayan ƙasa a shago (ƙasa "don kayan lambu") ko kuma an shirya shi da kansa ta amfani da ƙasa turfy, humus da yashi a cikin rabo na 2: 2: 1. Dole ne a gurɓatar da aikin da keɓaɓɓun magani tare da ɗayan hanyoyin da aka yarda da su gabaɗaya.
Asar da aka shirya ko siyanta ta cika da ƙananan ɗarurruwa ko kwantena. Ƙasƙantar da ƙasa kuma kuyi shuka iri ɗaya tare da jeri na layi na cm 6 zuwa zurfin 0.5-1.0 cm.Ka rufe shuka tare da fim. Bayan kwanaki 4-6, tare da isowar shuka, arugula ta cire fim ɗin kuma sanya akwatin a kan windowsill ko a wani wuri mai haske mai haske.
An bushe ƙasa da bushewa ta hanyar atomizer mai kyau. A ƙasa ana sa m.
Lokacin ƙirƙirar ganye na 2 na 2, matasa arugula seedlings suna dasawa / nutsar da tsire-tsire 1-2 a cikin akwati daban ko a cikin kwalaye tare da jeri na kyauta.
A lokacin tsirrai na tsire-tsire, ba da izinin samuwar inflorescences. An datse su nan da nan. Da zuwan furanni, ganyen wannan al'adar ya zama m, saurin haushi. Za'a iya amfani da akwatin tare da seedlings don shuka iri na gaba. Sake sake shuka ne da za'ayi bayan makonni biyu.
Lambun Arugula, ko shuka Eruka (Eruca vesicaria)Shuka tsiren arugula
A sama, mun bincika narkar da arugula daga tsaba a cikin yanayi daban-daban: ƙasa buɗe, a cikin gidan kore da a gida. Uguididdigar Arugula ta mamaye babban yanki kuma idan, don ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa, ana iya shuka shi ta hanyar shuka. Girma ta hanyar shuka shine mafi yawan riba:
- inji yana samar da mafi yawan amfanin ƙasa;
- Hanyar seedling yana adana lokaci akan girbi lokacin dasa shuki a cikin dindindin.
Yana da amfani musamman don girma arugula ta hanyar shuka a cikin yankuna tare da ƙarshen yanayin dumama mai ɗumi (zaku iya sa har zuwa uku da cikakken girbi).
Ya danganta da yankin, ana shuka tsaba arugula don shuka a ƙarshen Fabrairu - farkon Maris da ci gaba da shuka tare da hutun mako biyu har zuwa tsakiyar Afrilu.
Kasa shiri, shuka iri da kuma iri iri daya ne kamar lokacin da girma arugula a gida. Tsarin ƙwayar Arugula ya zama dole lokacin amfani da kanshi ko kuma aka siya daga hannun yan kasuwa masu zaman kansu a kasuwa.
Bayan samuwar ganye na 2 na gaskiya, seedlingsa seedlingsan ke nutsar da:
- a cikin kwalaye tare da tsarin saukowa (20-25 cm - jerawa layi, 10-15 cm - a jere);
- a cikin kofuna na peat daban, waɗanda aka dasa tare da shuka a wuri mai ɗorewa;
- a cikin tukwane dabam ko wasu kwantena na tsire-tsire 1-2.
Shekarun bishiyar arugula don dasa shuki a cikin dindindin shine kwanaki 25-28. Soilasa ta kamata ta yi zafi zuwa + 6 ... + 10ºС. Yawan zafin jiki daga + 14-16ºС zuwa + 18-20ºС.
Matsayi a cikin yankuna masu dumi, seedlings a cikin kofuna na peat na mutum (wanda ke haifar da rauni a lokacin da aka dasa) ana shuka su ne a cikin ƙasa a cikin ƙarshen Maris - shekarun farko na Afrilu (dangane da farkon kullun daskararren bazara).
A cikin yankuna masu sanyi, ana sanya ciyawar arugula a farkon shekaru na Afrilu, kuma ana yin shuka a cikin ƙasa daga rabin na biyu na Mayu.
Kafin dasa shuki arugula a cikin wani wuri na dindindin, ya wajaba a taurara seedlingsan itacen. Yawancin lokaci ana shuka 'ya'yan itace a cikin greenhouse da maraice, a cikin bude ƙasa da rana, wanda ke taimakawa tsire-tsire mafi dacewa ga sabon yanayin muhalli.
Daban-daban na arugula don noman rani
A cikin al'adun lambun, nau'ikan arugula 2 sun girma:
- al'adu (shuka ciyawa, kwararowar hatsi);
- daji, da aka sani da roka daji, biyu mai tsalle biyu-biyu.
Arugula shuka ne na shekara-shekara, amma tsakanin nau'in lambun akwai kuma amfanin gona na shekara-shekara. Tushen da aka bari a cikin ƙasa bayan ƙarshen lokacin hunturu na ƙarshe a ƙarƙashin mafaka suna samar da farkon girbin bitamin ganye a farkon bazara. Don yanayin gida mai zafi, farkon da tsakiyar nau'in arugula na shekara sun fi dacewa, kamar yadda aka gabatar a ƙasa.
Bambancin letas arugula zaitun - Da wuri, daga germination zuwa girbi ganye 20-25. Tumbinsa yakai 20-25 cm. Ganyayyaki masu launin shuda-lu'u-lu'u, yanayin gaba ɗaya baƙaƙe ne. Juice, kore mai arziki, mai kamshi. Ku ɗanɗani mustard-nutty tare da ɗanɗano mai ɗaci. An ƙanshi ƙanshi mai daɗin abinci, wanda masu jin daɗin yaba shi sosai.
Bambancin letas arugula spartak - Da wuri, daga germination zuwa girbi ganye 24-28 kwana. Tsawon tsirrai ya kai 70 cm, fararen ganyayen shine 18-22 cm.Garon ganye yana girma. Ganyen yana da sihiri, laushi. Ganye mai yaji. Kayan fure. Daban-daban shi ne abin da ake ci.
Bambancin letas nasara arugula - Tsaka-tsaka, daga tsiro zuwa girbi ganye kwanaki 28-32. Bushes har zuwa 70 cm, tsarfin tsayi yana da yawa, mai arziki a cikin bitamin. Soket din ya tashi. Ganyayyaki masu laushi ne, masu launi iri-iri, masu koren haske. Kayan fure. Daban-daban shi ne abin da ake ci.
Bambancin letas arugula poker - Fitar da wuri, daga germination zuwa girbi ganye 20-25. Plantsatattun tsire-tsire, tsayin 40-80 cm. Ganye suna disse, babba, rosette har zuwa 20 cm tsayi, suna da dandano mustard mai dadi. Forms har zuwa 12 ganye ganye a cikin greenhouse, har zuwa 28 a bude ƙasa. Bambanci don conveyor namo bazara.
Bambancin letas arugula Lybed - Ultra-farkon, daga germination zuwa girbi ganye 8-20 kwana. Na farko ganye ba tare da dissection na ganye ruwa, a matsakaici kore. Iri-iri suna tsayayya da harbi. Ya danganta da yankin, ana iya haɓaka shi a cikin buɗe kofa.
Bambancin letas arugula mai hankali - Tsaka-tsaka, daga tsiro zuwa girbi ganye 27-30. Motsin tsayi har zuwa tsayi 60 cm. Ganyayyaki masu launin shuɗar launi, masu saɓɓe mai kyau tare da dandano mai ƙanshi da ƙanshi. Furannin furanni masu launin shuɗi-fari ne, akwai kwalliyar shuɗi. A cikin zafi da kuma keta ruwa ban ruwa, iri-iri yana motsi cikin sauri.
Bambancin letas Kwakwalwar Arugula Cupid - Matsakaici ƙarshen, daga germination zuwa girbi ganye 35-38 kwana. Motsa jiki har zuwa 20-30 cm tare da kunkuntar dogon sassaka ganye. Rawaya furanni. Kyawun fasalin - inflorescences suna kama da dandelions.
Bambancin letas arugula Rococo - Fitar da wuri, daga germination zuwa girbi ganye 20-25. Forms wani babban (har zuwa 18 cm) Rosette na fadi ganye. Ganyen ganye yana yin aiki tare da gefen. Ganyen yana da dandano mai kaifi da ƙanshi mai ƙarfi. Furanni farare ne.
Bambancin letas arugula corsica - Matsakaici, daga germination zuwa girbi ganye 30-32 kwana. Aan itace da ke tsiro-tsiren rabin, ganye, har zuwa 60 cm tsayi, halayya ce. Siffar takardar ya zama mai salo tare da gefuna marasa tushe. Furanni suna fari da inuwa mai ruwan hoda. A cikin zafi da fari, da iri-iri spins da sauri.
Bambancin letas arugula coltivata - Fitar da wuri, daga germination zuwa girbi ganye 20-25. Rosette na ganye da aka watsa mai ƙarfi har zuwa 10-15 cm ba ga tsayi ba. Ganyen suna da kamshi sosai. Tainunshi ƙarin adadin mai mai muhimmanci. Suna da ɗanɗano mustard mai ɗanɗano tare da ƙoshin lafiya. Kayan fure. Ana amfani dashi don namo a cikin ƙasa na buɗe da rufe.
Bambancin letas arugula Dikovina - Tsaka-tsaka, daga tsiro zuwa girbi ganye 22-25. Tsirren tsiro har zuwa cm 20. Ganyayyaki suna da sifa iri-iri, mai santsi, aka tara shi cikin rosette da aka girka (18-20 cm). Tsayayya da harbi, wanda ke ba da damar dogon lokaci don kula da ingancin abinci mai narkewa.
Rubutun yana nuna mafi yawan kwalliya dangane da dandano, nau'ikan nau'ikan a Rasha (ban da nau'ikan Yukren da ke amfani da Lybed da kuma Koltivata na Dutch). Dangane da wasu nau'ikan zaɓi na Rasha (waɗanda aka shigar a cikin jihar na iri na ba a farkon 2005-2010) sun tabbatar da kansu lokacin da suka yi girma a buɗe da kuma rufe ƙasa. Sooken da aka tashe yana ba ku damar tattara amfanin gona mai tsabta na kayan lambu. Iri daban-daban suna samar da fiye da 1.0-1.5 zuwa 2.5 kilogiram na ganye a kowace murabba'in murabba'in. m. yanki.
Kammala labarin a kan hanyoyin tsiro iri daban-daban na arugula, mutum ba zai iya watsi da kimar sa a matsayin abinci da kayan shuka ba.
Lambun Arugula, ko shuka Eruka (Eruca vesicaria).
M kaddarorin arugula
Abubuwan sunadarai na arugula sune ke tantance kayancinta na magani.
Arugula ya ƙunshi:
- babban jerin bitamin - A, C, B9 da sauransu daga rukunin K, E, T, PP;
- jerin abubuwa masu mahimmanci na micro da macro - aidin, potassium, magnesium, alli, baƙin ƙarfe, selenium, zinc, manganese, jan ƙarfe, sodium, da sauransu;
- flavonoids da abubuwan kwayoyi masu rai, suna da amfani mai amfani ga metabolism-salt metabolism, aiki da lafiyar lafiyar narkewa, ƙwayar jini, ƙarfafa tsarin juyayi, suna da ikon ƙona kitse, ƙananan cholesterol da haɓaka haemoglobin; Arugula yana da shawarar da likitoci su yiwa marasa lafiya da cutar sankara da hawan jini.
- Italiyanci suna kiran arugula da salatin zinare don kyawawan abubuwan warkarwa a wasu cututtukan koda, raunin daji, cutar rashin ƙarfi, iodine, riƙe ƙarfin namiji (aphrodisiac), da haɓaka rigakafi zuwa ga wasu cututtuka.
Hankali! Saturation na kore taro na arugula tare da mahimmanci mai da flavonoids na iya haifar da rashin lafiyan ƙwayar cuta. Saboda haka, kafin ci gaba da shan magunguna waɗanda ke ɗauke da arugula, nemi likita.
