Ingantaccen namo da kulawa da fitar da wardi a cikin lambuna

Shrub wardi su ne mafi unpretentious da m na wardi. Su ne yi ado gadaje na fure da ciyawa a cikin lambun, suna yin shinge da farantawa ido tare da kyawun fuskarta.

Babban halaye da bayanin Bush wardi

Goge, su ma shrub shuɗe-tsen furanni ko goge-goge. - Wakilan babban rukuni na baza shukakkun bishiyoyi, magabatansu wanda shine gandun daji.

Ana amfani da roa roan wardi don yin ado da lawns da ƙirƙirar shinge.

An samo su ta hanyar giciye da alurar rigakafi da yawa, an san su tun tsohuwar Girka. Koyaya, zaɓin su ya ci gaba har zuwa yau. Sakamakon haka, an samo nau'ikan sanyi mai tsaurin sanyi waɗanda suke jin girma har ma a arewacin yankin tsakiyar.

Shuke wardi ana bambanta su ta fuskoki iri-iri:

• bushes tsawo: daga 25 cm zuwa 3.5 m;
• harbe: kafa, creeping, tare da ba tare da thorns;
• siffar daji: daga pyramidal zuwa yawo.

Tare da duk bambancin daji yana da tsari guda kuma ya ƙunshi kwarangwal (igiyar ciki) da harbe-harbe na shekara-shekara. Yankunan ba su da kyau, na launuka daban-daban na kore, ganye mai hadaddun tare da ƙa'idodi biyu da gefen sarƙoƙi.

Furanni suna burge su da kyawunta da launuka iri-iri, sifofi da launuka iri iri, da kuma ƙamshin daɗi.

Abvantbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani

Abubuwan da ba za a iya amfani da su ba a cikin su:

• da sauri girma;
• mai daɗewa kuma mai ƙanshi furetare da samuwar wasu furanni iri-iri;
• dangi (a kwatanta da sauran rukunin wardi) unpretentiousness da jure yanayin zafin jiki;
• babba kayan ado.

An kawata gogewar wardi zuwa rukuni 3: Semi-braured, bra bra da curly

Rashin daidaito: Bukatar kulawa ta yau da kullun, gami da jerin kyawawan matakai na lafuzza, da kuma dunƙule.

Siffofin dasawa da kulawa

Wannan lamari ne mai mahimmanci wanda ya dogara ga lafiyar shuka da kayan kwalliyar sa.

Lokacin sauka

Shrub wardi dasa a cikin fall.

Banda shi ne yankuna da damuna mai sanyi. A wannan yanayin, ya fi dacewa don gudanar da dasa shuki, bayan dumama ƙasa da akalla 10 10C.

Zaɓin wurin zama

Fure yana da hoto, amma yana faduwa ne a hasken rana kai tsaye, furannin sa sun ƙone, kuma ƙonewa yana fitowa akan ganyayyaki. Yana ƙayyade zaɓin wuri: rana, tare da inuwa na rana, ban da iska ta arewa da arewa maso gabas.

Kasar bukatun

Arziki (abinci mai gina jiki), tsaka tsaki ko ƙasa acidic mai dacewa.

Bai kamata kuyi amfani da dasa wuraren kwance-ƙasa ba, wuraren da ruwan saman ƙasa yake da ƙasa, wanda akan yi amfani da wardi na dogon lokaci.

Ana shirin sauka da tsari

Aikin shiryawa

Kafin dasa shuki daji ya tashi, dole ne a shirya seedling

1. Siyan shuka da sarrafa su:

• cire tsayi da yawa da kuma lalata sassan sassan;
• a rage harbe. Barin 15-20cm;
• na 'yan sa'o'i sanya seedlings a ruwa.

2. Saukowa rami shiri:

• diamita har zuwa 50 cm, zurfin - 10 cm fiye da coma mai sihiri da asalinsu;
• a cikin ƙasa da aka zaɓa kara takin (3: 1) da dintsi na itace ash;
• rami tushe bude tare da fenti;
• shirya wani bayani na heteroauxin: 1 kwamfutar hannu a kowace guga na ruwa. Muna zuba shi a cikin ramin da aka shirya.

Tsarin saukowa

1. A cikin rami na dasa shuki mun sanya tushen seedlingyayyafa tare da cakuda ƙasa da takin, takan haɗa ƙasa.
2. A nesa na 30 cm mun gina ƙasa abin nadi a kusa da seedling ya riƙe ruwa danshi.
3. Mun yi kwala mai sapling to tsayin 15 cm kuma yayi duhu tsawon makonni 2.
4. Bayan kwana 2 bayan dasa, ruwa da fure.

Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin layuka, bar ofis ɗin 1-2 m. Nisawa tsakanin tsire-tsire ya zama daidai da tsawon hanyoyin.

Girma

Rose ita ce sarauniyar furanni kuma tana buƙatar kulawa da ta dace.

Shekarar farko duƙufa ga samuwar daji.

Tsarin daji na tsari

A cikin bazara ko farkon lokacin rani:

• tsunkule harbi ya ƙare;
• kayyade buds;
• buds kafa a karo na biyu rabin bazara, bari mu samar, sannan share.

Daga shekara ta biyu rayuwar daji mun aiwatar da kulawa bisa ga jerin matakan ma'auni.

Turawa

Manufar shine a bunkasa haɓakar harba da ƙarfin fure. Riƙe sau 3 a shekara.

1. A lokacin bazara, tare da burin kirkirar daji.
2. A lokacin rani, don kula da karfin harbe-harbe. Dukkanin buds ana batun cire su, sai mafi girma.
3. Fadowa, shirya shuka don hunturu, tsabta mara tsabta, bushe da rauni harbe.

Watse

Ana shayar da wardi da wuya, amma yalwace, a cikin hanyar bushewa, ta amfani da ruwa mai dumin rana.

Yawan sha na siffofin manya ya dogara da kakar:

• a cikin bazara - sosai;
• a lokacin rani - Sau da yawa, a cikin kudi na 10 lita a cikin kowane daji daji;
• a fada ragin ruwa ya ragu, ya guji tururuwar sa a cikin ƙasa.

Na farko bushes suna shayar da kowace rana.

Manyan miya

Taron wanda aka tilasta shi daga shekara ta biyu na girma fiye da sau ɗaya a kowace kakar.

1. A cikin bazara, bayan trimming: na kowane sq. m ƙara 20 g na ammonium nitrate. Bayan sati 2, ana maimaita miya.
2. A farkon samuwar buds: ta 1 sq. m yi 20-30 g na ammonium nitrate, daidai adadin superphosphate da 10 g na potassium gishiri. Wani madadin shi ne amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Kemira Universal": 30-40 g a 1 sq. M
3. Bayan fure ciyar da takaddun takin zamani.
4. Farkon faɗuwa yi gishiri gishiri da superphosphate: 30-40 g ta 1 sq. m

Shirye-shiryen hunturu

Yana farawa a cikin kaka, tare da ƙuntatawar watan Agusta a cikin ciyarwa da lokacin kaka.

A watan Satumba, an cire ƙananan ganye, kuma a tsakiyar Oktoba, an cire sauran ganye.. Sannan ku ciyar da kaka da halaka. A cikin wannan halin, shuka yana shirye don tsari don hunturu.

Lokacin amfani da iska ta bushe-bushe ta hanyar tsare wardi na daji, an gina bukka daga garkuwar katako kuma an rufe shi da fim a saman.

Daga cikin hanyoyin da yawa na rufi mafi ma'ana shine gina filin bushewa. An rufe kurmin tare da polyethylene ko takarda mai kauri, barin sararin sama.

Wardi sun adana ta wannan hanyar suna jure tsananin sanyi ko da ba tare da ƙarin kariya ta dusar ƙanƙara ba. Rashin iska zai kare shi daga narkewa a cikin narkewa.

Shrub wardi bukatar weeding na lokaci da kuma kwance layi-layi. Game da thickening - a dashi.

Matsalar girma

1. Rashin ƙwayoyin micronutrient (nitrogen, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium) a cikin ƙasa, tare da shi:

• canji ganye canza launi (pallor, spotting da streaking) ko raginsu na asali;
• curvature da rauni harbe;
• raguwa girman fure da rauni na fure.

2. Ba a buɗe buds ba: wanda aka samo a cikin manyan nau'ikan furanni masu fure tare da fure mai laushi. Dalilai:

• tsayi rigar sanyi;
• marigayi watering (danshi bai da lokacin bushewa har sai da dare);
• dasa wuri a cikin inuwa;
• kayar aphids.

Babban dalilan rashin bude buds na fesa wardi shine rashin hasken rana, rashin danshi da kwari

3. Shan kashi na kashe kwayoyin cuta. Yana faruwa yayin aiki da rukunin a cikin yanayin iska ko tare da yin amfani da kwantena, ƙarin dacewa don ban ruwa. Yana tare da karkace murza ganye, curvature da reddening na harbe.
4. A cikin lokacin sanyi, lokacin rashin tsari, alamun daskarewa na iya faruwa: wrinkling na ganye da kuma bayyanar rawaya da launin shuɗi akan su.
5. Wardi suna kula da su kwaro da cuta.

Shahararrun nau'ikan

Shrub wardi suna wakiltar ɗimbin ƙungiyoyi, iri da nau'in halitta.

Portland

Portland ya tashi

Jumla-Hardy hybridshalin ja da sautunan launuka na fure-fure suna fitar da kamshi mai ƙarfi.

Bourbon (Comtesse de Barbentane)

Bush na bourbon ya tashi

Tsohon tsufa, sanannen yau. Ya bambanta cikin haske (fari, fari) launuka na furanni, tare da ƙanshi mai daɗi da ikon zuwa fure na biyu.

Babu labari

Noisette ya tashi

Dogaye masu tsayi da aka bambanta da launuka iri-iri na fure, akai akai, amma kula da yanayin zafi. Shuka wannan nau'in a yankuna na arewacin na buƙatar kulawa da hankali.

Shayi

Tea ya tashi

Tea fure ne mafi mashahuri iri-iri, ƙanshi mai daɗi kananan furanni masu ruwan hoda, ja da rawaya.

Cututtuka da kwari: kariya da kariya

Game da rashin yarda da shawarwarin kulawa wardi rauni, zama mai saukin kamuwa don kai hari ta kwari da cututtuka.

Karin kwari

Tsotsa kwari: aphids, ticks, kwari kwari, fararen fata, cicadas. Suna ciyar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace, suna haifar da juzu'i da faduwar ganye, mutuwar harbe.

Fara gwagwarmaya kan kwari da cututtuka na feshin furen wardi ya kasance tare da matakan kariya waɗanda za'ayi a cikin shekara

Haɗarin kwari (caterpillars da larvae na beetles) suna haifar da raguwar ci gaban shuka da asarar tasirin ado.

Ga prophylaxis bayyanar kwari kwari spring (kafin kumburi da kodan) prophylaxis, zalunta bushes tare da kwari.

Cutar

Goge wardi fama da cututtukan fungal: powdery da mildew fari, tsatsa da baƙar fata. Fungicides zai taimaka wajen shawo kan cutar, kuma lokacin datsa zai taimaka wajen magance shi.

Tare da rashi a cikin ƙasa baƙin ƙarfe da sauran abubuwan ganowa, wardi na rashin lafiya tare da chlorosis. A wannan yanayin, yana da buqatar gudanar da bincike game da abin da ya shafi kasar gona da wadatar ta.

Wardi, gami da daji, horar da kimanin miliyan 40 miliyan. A wannan lokacin, ba su miƙe matsayinsu na sarauta ba, haka ma, sun ƙarfafa su da sababbin nau'ikan, suna rinjayi zuciyar masu noman furanni.