Shuke-shuke

Banana saboda farin cikin ku

Banana (lat. Musa) - asalin halittar tsiro mai tsire-tsire na dangin banana (Musaceae), wanda mahaifinsa shine wurare masu zafi na kudu maso gabashin Asiya (Kudu maso gabashin Asiya) da kuma, musamman, tsibirin Malay. Ayaba ana kuma kiranta 'ya'yan itaciyar waɗannan tsirrai, ana ci. A halin yanzu, ire-iren ire-iren al'adun gargajiya Musa × paradisiaca (nau'in halitta mai kama da ba a samo shi cikin daji), wanda aka kirkira bisa wasu nau'ikan wadannan tsirrai, ana noma su sosai a cikin kasashen da ke wurare masu zafi kuma a yawancin su suna manyan kasada na fitarwa. Daga cikin amfanin gona da aka shuka, ayaba shine na huɗu a duniya, na biyu kaɗai ga shinkafa, alkama da masara. Harshen halittar ya haɗu da fiye da nau'ikan 40, waɗanda aka rarraba musamman a kudu maso gabas Asia da tsibirin Pacific. Mafi yawancin nau'in arewacin - Banana Japanese (Musa basjoo), asali daga tsibirin Ryukyu na Jafananci, an girma a matsayin shuka mai ado a kan Tekun Bahar Maliya na Caucasus, a cikin Crimea da Georgia.

Banana

Girma

Idan kai sayi karamin tsiro na banana - har zuwa 20 cm, sannan kuna buƙatar tura shi a cikin wata - biyu a cikin tukunya mai ƙarfin da bai wuce lita 2-3 ba, kuma idan girman banana yakai 50-70 cm, to za'a iya dasa shi nan da nan a cikin tukunyar lita 15. Matsakaicin tukunya shine lita 50, amma baza ku iya sanya shi a ciki ba, saboda rotse daga tushen zai faru.

Duniya don dasawa an shirya shi a gaba. Kawai saman, mafi yawan fararen ƙasa mai kauri tare da kauri 5-10 cm Ana ɗaukar lita ɗaya na humus mai kyau ko vermicompost, lita biyu na yashi da lita 0.5 na katako na ash (ash) ko busassun sharar da turmi na ƙasa da ƙasa ya kamata a haɗe shi da guga irin wannan ƙasa. Tabbatar a haɗe komai kuma a zuba ruwan zãfi don kashe kwari da zai iya kasancewa a cikin ƙasa. Ya kamata a sami magudanar ruwa mai kyau a ƙarshen tukunyar tare da manyan ramuka ko da yawa. Ana amfani da yumɓu mai yumɓu, katse dutse ko ƙarancin dumama ko kayan adon da ake amfani dashi azaman ƙarshen. Kauri daga cikin magudanar ruwa ya dogara da tukunyar tukunya da jaka daga 3 zuwa 10 cm. Dole ne a rufe farfajiyar ruwan shara tare da yashin kogin domin kada kasar ta shiga cikin tukunyar tukunyar kuma baya hana magudanar ruwan da yawa a lokacin ban ruwa. Ayaba koyaushe ya kamata a dasa zurfin ƙasa kamar yadda aka shuka shi tun farko. Wannan yana ba da gudummawa ga samuwar da haɓaka ƙarin Tushen kuma a nan gaba - ingantaccen samfuri. A lokacin da transplanting, yi kokarin kada ka share da tushen tsarin, kawai ta hanyar narkar da shuka tare da dunƙule na duniya. Bayan dasawa, kuna buƙatar zuba banana tare da dumu dumu, ruwan da aka zazzage kuma a sa a kan taga mai haske ko ba ta da nisa (ba a wuce mita 0,5) daga taga ba, bayan kwana biyu zuwa uku dole ne a fashe ƙasa da keɓaɓɓiyar sanda don kada a lalata tushen. Dole a sanya tukunya a cikin kwanon rufi don iska ta shiga cikin ramin magudanar daga ƙasa. Don yin wannan, an sanya shi a kan ɗakunan lebur na 3-4 ko grille na filastik.

Karo na biyu Ana shayar da ayaba ne kawai a lokacin da ƙasa a cikin tukunyar ta bushe zuwa zurfin 1-2 cm. Don yin wannan, bayan wasu 'yan kwanaki, ana tantance farjin ƙasa a cikin tukunyar ta hanyar matso ƙwallon ƙasa da yatsunsu uku. Idan ta murƙushe, to, sake sake ruwa da yawa. In ba haka ba, to ba za ku iya shayar da shi ba, saboda Yawan shayarwa akai-akai yana haifar da acidification na kasar gona da kuma lalata tushen banana. Ruwa don ban ruwa ya kamata a daidaita kuma a mai da shi + 25 - + 30 oС. A cikin garuruwa, ana ɗaukar ruwa daga bututun ruwan zafi, kuma ana kare shi kwana ɗaya a cikin babban jirgin ruwa mai buɗewa, kamar yana da laushi koyaushe kuma baya dauke da sinadarin chlorine da fluorine. A cikin hunturu, ayaba ana shayar da ƙasa sau da yawa, musamman idan zazzabi a cikin ɗakin ƙasa yana ƙasa + 18 ° C, in ba haka ba, yawan ruwa sosai zai juya tsarin tushen da rhizome da kanta, wanda a cikin yanayin bangon ganyen ya juya launin ruwan kasa da bushewa, kuma haɓaka yana tsayawa ko da a yawan zafin jiki da kyakkyawan haske a bazara . Idan an lura da wannan, to ya kamata a dasa shuka nan da nan cikin sabon ƙasa, bayan an fara wanke tushen da ruwa kuma a yanke sassan da ke cikin rhizome tare da wuka mai kaifi. Ya kamata a yayyafa wuraren da aka sare tushen daskararre da rhizome tare da murhun gawayi ko ash don dakatar da lalacewa.

A lokacin rani yayin da za a iya sanya banana a cikin baranda mai tsananin kyau, kuma za a iya fitar da su zuwa gonar a karkashin inuwar bishiyoyi, a tono tukwane a kasa don kada su bushe. Ya kamata a saka ƙwayar nailan a tukunyar don hana shigarwar kwari daga ƙasa wanda ke lalata asalin sa. A baranda, an shuka tsiron da tulle ko yadudduka ta yadda babu wuta daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Yi ƙoƙarin kawo shuka a cikin gidan gaba a cikin kaka, kamar yadda Dare yayi sanyi mai ganye a kan banana ya zama rawaya, kuma dan itacen zai kasance mai jira na dogon lokaci. Tare da kyakkyawan kulawa, ayaba ta fara yin 'ya'ya yayin da manyan ganye 13 zuwa 17 suka girma a kai. Wadannan ganyayyaki suna kafawa, kamar, laima sama da gangar jikin ayaba, kuma an samo gangar jikin kanta daga ragowar mutuwa, wasu ƙananan ƙananan ganye. Lokacin da wata itaciya wacce ba ta dace ba, gajeriyar siffar zuciya ta bayyana a saman tsirran kuma saman gangar jikin ta zama mai kauri sama da kasa, babban toho mai launin ja-violet yana fitowa daga tsakiyar rosette na ganye, wanda, a hure, a hankali ya sauka zuwa kasan zuwa kasan.

Gudun ruwa Ayaba na iya wuce tsawon shekara guda. A wannan yanayin, 'ya'yan itaciyar babba sun girma, kuma ƙananan waɗanda har yanzu suna kore. A cikin hunturu, da wuya su ciyar da ayaba - sau ɗaya a wata. A cikin bazara da bazara fiye da sau da yawa - sau ɗaya a mako, a madadin tare da biohumus (humus), toka, kifi mai kunne, kore taki. Ana ɗaukar Humus (vermicompost) a cikin adadin kamar haka: 200 g (gilashin) kowace lita 1 na ruwan zãfi. Nace a rana kuma an zuba a ƙarƙashin shuka har sai mafita ta gudana daga ramin magudanar ruwa. Humus na iya zama komai sai kaji da naman alade. Duk wani rigar da yakamata yakamata a yi shi kawai lokacin da ƙasa a cikin tukunya ta jike. In ba haka ba, zaku iya ƙona asalin. Ana ɗaukar alkano na ash a kowace lita na ruwa. Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, waɗanda suke da tsayi aƙalla mita ɗaya, ana shayar da su tare da miyar kifi don haɓaka fruiting. Suna yin hakan kamar haka: gram 200 na sharar kifin ko ƙananan kifayen da ba a ɗauka ba an dafa shi a cikin ruwa na ruwa na rabin sa'a. Sannan maganin yana narkar da ruwan sanyi sannan a tace ta hanyar cheesecloth. Ana amfani da maganin tare da biohumus ko humus. Ganyen ciyawa shine ciyawa ko ciyawa, mafi kyau daga quinoa ko lupine. An yanke shi a cikin kananan guda kuma an zuba shi da ruwan zãfi a gwargwadon: 1 gilashin ganye na kowace lita na ruwan zãfi. Iya warware matsalar nan kawai wata rana, to, tace ta hanyar cheesecloth da kuma zuba a karkashin shuka. Tsarin kemikal yana ƙone tushen banana a cikin tukunyar tukunya, don haka ya fi kyau kar a yi amfani da su.

Ga kyau girma sassauta kasar gona bayan ruwa a rana ta biyu - rana ta uku. Yayyafa banana a cikin bazara kowace rana, kuma a cikin hunturu sau ɗaya a mako. Kusan babu kwari da cututtuka na banana a cikin yanayinmu.

Banana

Yawan abinci mai gina jiki

da 100 g na ɓangaren litattafan almara

  • abubuwan da ke cikin kalori - 65.5-111 kcal
  • baƙin ƙarfe - 0.4-1.50 g
  • sunadarai - 1.1-1.87 gr
  • fats - 0.016-0.4 g
  • carbohydrates - 19.33-25.8 g
  • fiber - 0.33-1.07 gr
  • ash - 0.60-1.48 gr
  • alli - 3.2-13.8 mg
  • phosphorus - 16.3-50.4 mg
  • beta-carotene - 0.006-0.151 mg
  • Vitamin B1 - 0.04-0.54 mg
  • Vitamin B2 - 0.05-0.067 mg
  • Vitamin PP - 0.60-1.05 mg
  • Sinadarin acid (mg)
  • tryptophan - 17-19 mg
  • methionine - 7-10 mg