Zagaye-hawa da hawa daskararruwar itace Itace Shuka da kulawa Tsararren Shukewar Hoto

Woodlayer hawa Diana saukowa lura Celastrus cin mutuncin hoto Diana

Bayanin Botanical

Masu ɗaukar itacen katako (lat. Celastrus) - va fastan itace mai saurin girma (mara galihu - itacen kullun) na dangin Bereskletovye. Shootsaƙƙarfan ligneous harbe har zuwa 10 cm lokacin farin ciki da game da 50 m tsawo ana hawa dutsen tare da a tsaye goyon baya zuwa tsawo na 12. M Girma shekara-shekara ne game da m 1. Ana samun siffofin Shrubby.

The mai tushe ne dan kadan ganye, amma da yawa gajeren harbe suna densely rufe ganye. A kan mai tushe akwai bakin haushi mai duhu tare da fasa fasa mai zurfi, matasa suna rufe da murfin bakin ciki - da farko shi kore ne, a ƙarshe ya sami launin shuɗi-ja ko launin shuɗi.

Leaf faranti suna da yawa, obovate a siffar tare da nuna alamar koli, tsawon kuma nisa shine 5-10 cm, launin yana da haske kore (ganye ya juya rawaya a kaka).

Idan akwai goyan baya, liana tayi hawa tare dashi, a saman wani tsawan (tare da nisan kusan 3 m) an kafa kambi mai laushi. Ba tare da goyan baya ba, harbe-zanen zai bazu cikin ƙasa, ba tare da ƙirƙirar ɓoyayyiyar ƙasa ba.

Inda aka rarraba

Halittar yana da kusan nau'ikan 30. A cikin yanayin halitta, sun zama ruwan dare gama gari a Amurka, Australia, da Gabas ta Tsakiya. Ana iya samun daskararrun katako a cikin gandun daji gauraye, da bushes, tare da m kogunan koguna da tafkunan.

Masu ɗaukar katako - sunan yana ɗan ƙara tsoro. Dankin da gaske yake yana iya lalata itacen: ciyayin ya kewaye gangar jikin, tono a ciki tare da ƙugiyoyi, a tsawon lokaci itaciyar ta mutu. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci don zaɓin wurin da ya dace don saukowa akan shafin. Liana yana da rikicewa, mara ma'ana a cikin kulawa, ana amfani dashi don ado fences, arbor, verandas.

Lokacin da masu shuki ke yi furanni kuma su yi 'ya'ya

Masu ɗaukar katako na baƙin ciki Maxim Celastrus angulatus Maxim hoto

A lokacin furanni, wanda ke farawa a watan Yuni-Yuli, ƙwanƙwaran ƙanshi na fure. Furanni ba na ado ba ne: ƙaramin, tren kore. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna ba da fara'a ta musamman: ana dasa shukar da tsire-tsire masu launin kore, kamar yadda suke girma, suna buɗewa. A kan tushen har yanzu kore ganye, ja berries flaunt tare da bushe yellowish stipules. Sun zauna a kan shuka kusan dukkan hunturu, ba a sa inedible. Saboda bayyanar fruiting, mutane suna kiran shuka da ja kumfa. Fulawa yana faruwa a kusa da shekara ta 5 na girma.

Lura cewa jinsunan mata kawai na creepers suna ba da 'ya'ya. Domin jin daɗin launuka masu haske na 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin kaka, mace da namiji shuka don yin ɗimbin pollination dole ne su kasance a wurin.

Ja kumbura yadawo

Ja kumfa mai girma ya karu daga tsaba ko yaduwar ciyawar ganye (tushen filawoyi, farashi, tafiyar matakai).

Girma matattarar itace daga zuriya

Itace masu ɗaukar itacen katako hoto

Ana shuka iri a kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa buɗe a ƙarƙashin hunturu ko bazara.

Shuka hunturu mai sauki ne: an yanyanka tsaba wanda aka yanko daga shukoki, bushe na tsawon sati 3 da aka shuka. Tsaba za su gudanar da tsarin saɓani na zahiri kuma za su yi girma a cikin bazara.

A lokacin da shuka a cikin bazara (a kusa da Afrilu), za a buƙaci pre-magani. Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu:

Don watanni 2-3, ana adana tsaba a zazzabi na 0 to +3 ° C (ɓangaren kayan lambu na firiji cikakke ne ga wannan).
Wata 1 kafin shuka, Mix tsaba tare da rigar yashi kuma ci gaba da zazzabi na 18-23 ° C.

Tona wani yanki, shuka tsaba a cikin ramuka, ruwa, za a buƙaci tsari don hunturu. Harbi yana bayyana bayan kimanin wata 1.

Kayan lambu na yaduwar katako

Yanke:

Mafi kyawun tsire-tsire da aka yaɗa ta hanyar yanke daga harbe kore.

Na yanke su a cikin bazara. Tsawon rikewar ya kamata (kimanin 7 cm). Bi da ƙwayoyin haɓaka, tushen a cikin cakuda yashi-peat (an sanya itace a tsaye), a rufe da gilashin gilashi ko kuma kwalban filastik da aka yanka. Tushen zai bayyana a kusan watanni 1.5.

An yanka yankan daga huhun gero a cikin kaka.

Wannan hanyar ba ta da fa'ida. A cikin hunturu, ana aika da kwandon shara tare da ɗakin sanyi (alal misali, ginin bene). Tushen zai bayyana a kusa da watan Yuni - dasawa a cikin bude ƙasa a cikin fall.

An yanka gindin Tushen a cikin bazara.

Ya kamata su kasance kusan 7 cm tsayi, suna da bunkasar girma. Nutsad da gaba daya a cikin ƙasa, yana kwance a kwance. Tushen zai bayyana a kusan wata guda.

Kuna iya yaduwar itacen inabin ta hanyar sanya farashi. Don yin wannan, tanƙwara harbi a ƙasa a cikin bazara, gyara shi da sutura, yi m incision, yayyafa tare da ƙasa a saman, ruwa sosai. Bayan 'yan watanni, tsari zai bayyana, yana da kyau a raba shi da uwar uwar a bazara.

Liana tana ba da babban tsari na kayan yau da kullun - a hankali a haƙa su kuma ɗaukar su.

Zaɓin wani shafi don dasa shukar kumfa

Round katako masu ɗaukar hoto Hercules Celastrus orbiculatus hoto

Liana tana girma daidai gwargwado a cikin yankin da ke buɗe da inuwa.

Duk wata ƙasa da ta dace da girma, amma ya fi kyau ga shuka ta haɓaka cikin ƙasa mai dausayi.

Da farko (kusan wata 1 kafin dasa shuki), a ƙarƙashin digging, ƙara humus, ƙasa sheet da wasu yashi don magudanar ruwa.

Yadda ake dasa kayan katako a cikin lambu

Dasa dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mara nauyi ana iya yin sa duka biyu a cikin bazara da kaka. Mafi girman matakin tsira shine 'yan shekaru shekaru 2-3. A tono rami rami mai lamba 30 zuwa 30 cm, zurfin ya kai kusan 10 cm sama da tsarin tushen sa magudanar. Sanya seedling a cikin ramin dasa, daidaita Tushen, rufe ƙasa da rabi, zuba, cika duniya, matse dabino a kusa da akwati. Lokacin dasawa, zaku iya zurfafa tushen wuya. Ciyawa farfajiya na kasar gona tare da bishiyar ciyawa ko peat (kauri mai kauri kimanin cm 7). Tsakanin tsire-tsire daban-daban suna dacewa da nisa na 80-100 cm.

Shuka wata shuka tare da ginin, shinge ko ƙirƙirar tallafi na musamman.

Kula da masu siyar da kaya

Masu suttukan suna da tsayayya wa fari. Manyan tsirrai sun gamsu da hazo, a lokacin bazara sun zubar da kusan lokaci 1 a wata, suna kawo lita 15 na ruwa a ƙarƙashin kowace shuka. Matasa tsirrai kwalliya littlean lokaci kaɗan don samun nasarar nasara.

Bayan ruwa, sassauta kasar gona a kusa-da'irar da'ira da kyau.

A farkon farkon bazara (kafin ya kwarara ruwan itace) ana yin tsabtace tsabta: cire lalace, daskararre da rauni harbe. A lokacin girma, ana yin haske da girki mai haske: kambi ya tonu, za a cire harbe-harben da ake fitar da su gaba ɗaya. Yi hankali da hankali: duk sassan tsire-tsire masu guba ne, guji samun ruwan 'ya'yan itace a jikin fata da membran mucous.

Ya isa a ciyar da jan kumfa sau 2-3 a shekara. A cikin bazara da bazara, sanya granules na hadaddun takaddun ma'adinai a kusa-da'irar kusa, rufe su zuwa zurfin kusan 15 cm, zuba. A cikin kaka, yi kayan sutura na foda-potassium a cikin wannan hanyar.

Hardness na hunturu na masu suttura da hunturu a tsakiyar layin

Tsarin tsire-tsire na manya ba sa buƙatar tsari don hunturu: harbe harbe ana datse, harbe harbe da sauri maye gurbin su. Don rigakafin, ciyawa da Tumbin tare da peat.

Ya kamata a rufe matasa creepers (ƙarƙashin shekara 3, da daskararrun cuttings) don hunturu. Tabbatar da ciyawa kasar gona tare da peat, tare da rufe tsiren fure.

Cutar da kwari

Cutar da kwari ba sa lalata masu lalata.

Nau'in da nau'ikan shuka na kayan kare

Hawan hawa ko hawa itace, Celastrus na Amurka ya baci

Hawan hawa ko hawa itace, Celastrus na Amurka ya wulakanta hoto

Mafi mashahuri jinsin a cikin aikin lambu, sau da yawa girma ba tare da tallafi a cikin tsarin creeping. Liana braid-like ya kai tsawon mintuna 10 zuwa 10-12. An fara kewaya faranti a gindi, an nuna tukwici, launin koren haske yana canzawa zuwa rawaya a kaka. Flow ya fara a watan Yuni kuma ya kai kimanin kwanaki 25, furanni masu karami, launin shuɗi. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari na globular na kore zuwa ja a watan Oktoba.

Roundwood mai ɗaukar kaya Celastrus orbiculatus

Masu zagaye katako masu sikelin Celastrus orbiculatus hoto

Tsawon Liana ya kai mita 18. Fuskokin ganye suna da siffar ovate, farfajiyar tana da launin toka, shuɗi mai duhu a launi, suna da ƙarfi daga ƙasa, suna da kamshi mai kyau. Inflorescences suna kama da nau'ikan da suka gabata, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari mara kyau suna da launin shuɗi.

Iri:

Diana wani nau'i ne na ado na mata.
Hercules wani nau'i ne na ado na namiji, ba ya 'ya'ya.

Fiye da Lash-da-itace Filato Celastrus flagellaris

Itace firikwensin katako ko bulala Celastrus flagellaris photo

Amfani da shi azaman kasa, yayi kyau sosai a yankuna na arewacin. Fusoshin suna tsawaita kimanin mita 10 a tsayi.

Filayen mai fasali-burushi Celastrus strigillosus

Katako corymbose Celastrus orbiculatus var. hoto naƙasasshen hoto

Tsawon liana yana iyakantaccen 12 m, diamita na kambi ya kusan mita 6. Aka rufe gangar jikin cike da murfin launin ruwan duhu. Leaf faranti kimanin 14 cm tsayi, sinewy, kore mai haske.

Masu ɓarna da ɓarnar katako

Masu ɗaukar katako na baƙin wuta Celastrus angulatus photo

Idan akwai goyan baya, yakan hau zuwa tsayinsa ya kai 7 m ko wani daji ya warwatsa shi har zuwa faɗin m 6. Yana da faranti masu girma: 18 cm tsayi kuma har zuwa 14 cm fadi, tare da siffar elliptical mai fadi. Yana blooms a watan Mayu, tuni a cikin Satumba kwalaye bude.

Farin fuloti a ƙasa Celastrus hypoleuca

Tsawon lashes ya kai m 5. Matasa harbe suna dan kadan kadan, tare da haushi na launin ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi. Leaf faranti a cikin siffar diddige (kusan 15 cm tsayi kuma 5 cm fadi), farfajiya kyakkyawa ce, koren duhu a launi, ɓangaren juyawa ya yi laushi da farin haske.