A karni na 19 wani Bawan Sweden masanin karikan Karl Thunberg ya ba da wannan matakin a matsayin magajin garin Amsterdam, Johann van Deitz, wanda ya ba da tallafin balaguro zuwa Japan da China.
Aiki (Deutzia) - tsiro na huhun perennial, asalin halittar dangin Hortense (Hydrangeaceae) Halin halittar ya kunshi kusan nau'ikan 50 da aka saba a Gabashin Asiya, da Himalayas, da Mexico.
Aikin ruwan hoda ne. © casa mariposaWaɗannan kyawawan furanni ne masu ƙyalƙyali na fure mai yadudduka na madaidaiciya ko madaidaiciya daga mita 0.5 zuwa 4, tsayi tare da ganyayyaki masu kyau da furanni masu launuka iri-iri masu launuka masu launin shuɗi ko ruwan hoda, waɗanda aka tattara a cikin ruhun tsefe masu tsayi. Suna Bloom a harbe a bara. Suna girma da kyau a kan dukkan nau'ikan ƙasa kuma gabaɗaya ba su da alaƙa a cikin al'ada, idan ba don kusan daskarewa na shekara-shekara na harbe ba, wanda, a zahiri, an kafa rashen fure.
A zazzabi na -25 ° C, an riga an lura da yanayin sanyi na wasu rassa, kuma a -30 ° C kuma a kasa mutuwarsu an tabbatar da hakan sama da matakin murfin dusar ƙanƙara. Koyaya, ayyukan suna da inganci na ƙwarai, idan ma bayan tsananin daskarewa zuwa murfin dusar ƙanƙara, sai harbe suka girma suka yi daidai shekara guda.
Amfani
Ana amfani da ƙananan ayyuka azaman hanawa; sauran - a cikin nau'i na ƙananan kungiyoyi kusa da waƙoƙi, don dasa guda ɗaya da ƙungiyar gungumen itace. Gaskiya ne a cikin birni. Ofaya daga cikin mahimman mahimmancin yanayi don cin nasara al'adun shine yakamata suyi bayan fure. Itatuwa bushes zama bukatar a thinned fitar. Suna girma da sauri kuma, a ƙarƙashin yanayi masu kyau, Bloom a shekara ta uku bayan shuka.
An dade da sanin darajar kayan ado a matsayin aikin lambu. Yawancin furanni masu launuka masu launuka masu launuka, alherin furanni suna bada plantings na kwarai. Ba don komai ba ne cewa babban masanin binciken tsire-tsire na kasar Sin, E. G. Wilson, ya gabatar da ayyuka a kan fuloti, kayan zaki da hydrangeas.
Siffofin
Wuri: aiwatar da haske-ƙauna, tsirrai masu haƙuri-fari.
Kasar gona: fi son abinci mai gina jiki, ƙasa mai laushi. Abun ciki: humus, takin peat, yashi (2: 1: 2), tare da ƙari da lemun tsami. Idan ƙasa tana da acidic, to, 300 g na lemun tsami ko 200 g na katako mai itace suna kara a ramin a cikin ramin.
Aiki. L Fitilar Fuskokin KasaSaukowa: Nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire a jere shine 2.5 m, tsakanin layuka - 2 m. Zai fi kyau sanya bushes a buɗe ko kuma inuwa kaɗan daga tsakiyar rana. Dasa zurfin 40 - 50 cm, tushen wuya a matakin ƙasa. Tushen tsarin aiki ya ƙunshi 1 - 2 manyan Tushen da ke shiga ciki, da kuma taro na ƙananan fibrous. Godiya ga ƙarshen, aikin ya yarda da dasawa da kyau. Magudanar ruwa: a kasan ramin, yashi tare da yanki na 10 - 15 cm.
Karin kwari da cututtuka: aikin resistant ga cututtuka da kuma kwari da yawa. Da wuya aƙarar proboscis ke cin ganyayyaki. Gudanar da phthalophos 0.15% maida hankali.
Kulawa
Don haɓaka furanni, daga lokaci zuwa lokaci ana hadasu da ɗanyen ruwa (1:10), lita 5-6 a kowace shuka. Ana amfani da ma'adinan kai tsaye bayan trimming (Kemagon tashar wagon 100 g / sq M). Inda tsire-tsire ke wahala daga farkon lokacin kaka na kaka, ana yin takin ne kawai a cikin bazara kuma har zuwa farkon rabin lokacin bazara don tsire-tsire suna da lokaci don kammala girma kuma a shirya don hunturu. A karkashin ruwa digging on 1 square. m yi: 300 g na slaked lemun tsami (Fluff lemun tsami ko dolomite gari), 10 - 20 g da potassium gishiri, 3 - 4 kilogiram na rotted ko takin).
A cikin lokacin zafi, lokacin bazara, sha sau 2-3 a wata, 15 - 20 a kowace shuka, a lokuta na yau da kullun - matsakaici da rarer hydration, 1-2 sau 8 - lita 10 a kowace shuka.
Lokaci guda tare da cire ciyawa, an yanke ƙasa zuwa zurfin 20 - 25 cm matasa plantings suna mulched tare da peat a cikin Layer of 5 cm. Thinning da sake sabuntawa kamar yadda bushes shekaru. Crowanƙura mai ƙarfi ya haɗa da yanke “a kan kututture”. Don ba daji kyakkyawan tsari, an yanke rassan rassan zuwa farkon sabon harbi mai ƙarfi ko a ƙasa. A farkon watan Yuni, ana yankan harbe harbe a cikin hunturu. A cikin shinge, ayyuka ba su zamewa!
Aikin alheri ne. We George WeigelA cikin hunturu, matsakaicin haske tare da busassun ganye, wani yanki na 10-20 cm, rassan tanƙwara, saka dutse tare da ƙasa, dusar ƙanƙara. Lanƙwasa zuwa ƙasa ƙananan tsire-tsire ba wanda ya fi mita ɗaya ba ya haifar da matsaloli: irin waɗannan bushes suna tanƙwara sauƙi. Amma manyan tsire-tsire a ƙarƙashin 2 mita high duba musamman m. A cikin irin waɗannan ayyuka, harbe suna tubular, a sauƙaƙe karya, don haka lanƙwasa da bushes da kuma tsare su da rassan spruce da ganye bushe yana da wuya. Yadda za a kare tsirrai daga daskarewa?
A ƙarshen kaka, kuna buƙatar ɗaure bushes ɗin tare da kowane abu mai saurin motsawa, alal misali, kayan roba daga ƙarƙashin jaka na sukari. A lokacin mafaka a Voronezh, ayyuka, a matsayin mai mulki, ba a datse su ba har zuwa lokacin ganye (a cikin kewayen gari ya faɗi).
Saboda haka, ganyen da suka rage akan rassan suna aiki a matsayin ƙarin tsari.
Zai yi wuya a bayyana ba tare da an sha bamban ba, amma ana iya zaton cewa a lokacin tsananin sanyi, harbe-harbe na daskararru basa daskarewa gwargwadon yadda suke bushewa. Tare da irin wannan hanya mai sauƙi ba mai wahala sosai ba don tsari, yana yiwuwa kusan kusan ajiye bushes daga daskarewa ko da a cikin hunturu tare da yanayin zafi -30 ° С.
Kiwo
Yaduwa da tsaba, layering, tushen zuriya, lignified da kore kore. Za'ayi shuka ne a cikin bazara ba tare da maganin iri na farko ba. Lokacin yin shuka, ya isa ya danna tsaba sosai kuma kada a rufe su. Harbe zai bayyana cikin makonni uku. Tsarin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta yana wuce shekara ɗaya zuwa uku. Adana tsaba a cikin akwatunan da aka rufe daure ko jakunkuna na filastik a cikin ɗakuna mai sanyi. Don kuma guje wa cinyewar ƙwayoyi da ƙwayar cuta, ya fi kyau yin shuka a cikin kwalaye.
Aiki. Jacki-deeSeedlingsaukar shekara-shekara suna da hankali ga yanayin zafi kaɗan kuma suna buƙatar tsari mai mahimmanci. Da aka ba su low hard hunturu, daukana ne da za'ayi a cikin bazara. A karkashin yanayi mai kyau, seedlings zai yi fure a shekara ta uku. Ana samun sakamako mai kyau tare da kore kore. Yankan ana girbe a cikin rabin na biyu na Yuni - ƙarnin farko na Yuli. A zafin jiki na 15 zuwa 30 ° C da kuma tabon wucin gadi (fesa daga nozzles), tushen rooting shine 90 -100%. Hakanan za'a iya yada shi ta hanyar lanignified cuttings, layering da tushen zuriya.
Dabbobi
Amurian mataki, ko ƙananan launi - Deutzia amurensis
Yankin rarraba halitta shine Gabas ta Tsakiya, China, Koriya ta Arewa. Ana kiyaye shi cikin ajiyar Asali da yawa. A cikin gandun daji na coniferous-deciduous da itacen oak, suna tashi zuwa tsaunuka har zuwa 1400 m sama da matakin teku. Mesophyte na hoto.
Kirkirar ornamental deciduous har zuwa 2 m high, tare da sprawling rassan. Haushi daga harbe yana launin ruwan kasa, daga baya - launin toka. Ganyen suna da kwalliya, sabanin, har zuwa 6 cm tsayi, mai zurfi a hankali, aka nuna wa biri, a goge a gindi, mashaya a garesu, kore mai haske ko launin toka mai haske a lokacin bazara da bazara, ocherous ko launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi a kaka. Furanni fararen fuka-fukai ne, masu kamshi, masu dumbin yawa, corymbose inflorescences, har zuwa 7 cm ko'ina. A cikin Moscow, fure daga ƙarshen Mayu zuwa ƙarshen Yuni na kwanaki 16-20. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne babu rubutu, launin shuɗi-mai-launin ruwan-ƙasa, kusan kwalliya mai ɗaukar nauyi tare da ƙananan tsaba.
Amur Deytsiya. . Kor! AnOrgearfin kyau ko ɗaukakar aiki - Deutzia x magnifica
A matasan tsakanin aikin m da kuma aikin Vilmorena. A cikin al'adun da aka sani a yankin Oryol, a cikin Kiev, Sukhumi. Zai iya yin hunturu a can ba tare da tsari ba.
Madaidaici, ciyawa mai ƙarfi sosai, har zuwa tsayi m 2.5. Harbe a lokacin fure arcuate a lanƙwasa a karkashin nauyin furanni. Ganyayyaki suna elongated, ovate. Furanni farar fata farare ne, ninki biyu, aka tattara cikin manyan, har zuwa 10 cm tsayi, farfaɗarin laima. Lokacin Fulawa: Yuni. Tsawon lokacin fure shine sati uku. Daya daga cikin kyawawan kyawawan ayyukan fure.
Aikin yayi kyau. B arborixDeutzia Vilmorena - Deutzia vilmorinae
Yankunan rarraba yanki shine Tsakiya da Yammacin China.
Goge har zuwa 2 m tsayi, tare da haske launin ruwan kasa, daga baya exfoliating haushi. Matasa harbe tauraron-pubescent. Oblong-lanceolate ya fita har zuwa b cm tsayi, ya nuna alamar kwara, ya yi kyau sosai a gefen; kore a sama, mai kauri, kore mai launin shuɗi a ƙasa, an rufe shi da gashi mai haske. Furanni suna fari, har zuwa 2.5 cm a diamita, waɗanda aka tattara a cikin colosscences corymbose. Blooms a watan Yuni na kimanin kwanaki 20.
Amfani da shi a ƙasa guda da kuma rukuni. A al'ada tun daga 1897.
Deutsia Wilson - Deutzia x wilsonii
Deytsiya ta asali na taushi da deytsiya mai sautin biyu (Deutzia motlis x Deutzia discolor). Ana samo shi a Yammaci da Tsakiyar China.
Goge 1-2 m tsayi, tare da dan kadan pubescent, shekara-shekara harbe. Rassan suna da launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi, tare da haushi. Ganyen suna da fadi-lanceolate (7x2 cm), a tsanake serrated a gefen, duhu kore a saman, launin fari-fari a ƙasa, a cikin rabin laima. Blooms profusely, a watan Yuni, har zuwa kwanaki 30.
Itace mai tsananin fure (har zuwa kwana 30). Ana amfani dashi a iyakoki, shinge, guda da tsire-tsire. A cikin al'ada tun daga 1901.
