Shahararren nau'in rasberi yana da yawa, wanda aka bambanta shi da ikon samar da albarkatu da yawa. Iri na remont raspberries na iya kawo amfanin gona mai yawa da riba.
Shuka rasberi remontant - shuka fasali da kulawa
Gyara raspberries - ɗayan nau'in raspberries, wanda ya shahara a Turai da CIS saboda ƙwararren ikonsa na iya ɗaukar fruitan itace sau da yawa a kakar.
Kalmar "gyara" tana nufin "maimaita". A cikin Turai, wannan nau'in rasberi mafi kyau shine sananne a ƙarƙashin sunan "kasancewa mai haƙuri", wanda ke nufin "haɓaka fruita continuan ci gaba."
Babban fasalin Rasberi iri-iri shine fasalin tsirar 'ya'yan itatuwa duka amfanin gona daya da biyu. Bayan dasa shuki raspberries, ana iya cire amfanin gona na farko a watan Agusta-Satumba bayan shekara guda da kulawa. Girbi na gaba zai ba daji kadan kafin - a tsakiyar watan Yuni. Koyaya, yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa amfanin gona na biyu akan mai shekaru biyu mai tushe yana da ƙarancin inganci idan aka kwatanta da mai tushe na shekara-shekara. Abubuwan da aka samo a cikin shekara ta biyu na namo suna da laushi, bony kuma sun bushe sosai.
Bugu da kari, girbin bazara na nau'in rasberi na remontant na iya wuce gona da iri kuma jinkirta amfanin gona na biyu. Wannan ya kasance saboda, da farko, gaskiyar cewa za a kashe dukkanin dakaru akan amfanin gona na farkon bazara. Itatuwan yana ciyar da mafi yawan ƙarfinsa akan samuwar mai tushe da harbe-harbe na shekara-shekara, wanda zai ba da damar bunkasa wasu albarkatu.
Irƙirar remont raspberries na iya zama da amfani ga mazauna bazara. Kasance da dasa shuki iri iri na raspberries a dacha, misali, farkon, tsakiyar-marigayi, da kuma remont, zaku iya samun karin amfanin gona da yawa kuma ku samar wa danginku abinci mai daɗi na shekara gaba ɗaya.
Dasa bishiyar remontant raspberries - dokoki da fasali
Dasa bishiyar remont raspberries tsari ne mai ɗaukar lokaci wanda ke buƙatar kulawa da tsari mai yawa. Yawancin rasberi da aka ƙayyade yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, saboda rashin kulawa mai kyau na iya haifar da rashin ci gaba na shuka da girbi mara kyau ko rashin shi. Kafin dasawa, kuna buƙatar zaɓar wurin da ya fi dacewa da wannan. Zai fi kyau bayar da fifiko ga gefen kudu na kewayen birni tare da sako-sako da ƙasa mai kyau. Koyaya, lokacin dasa shuki raspberries na abubuwan da aka ƙayyade, duhu da wuraren raba bazai dace da ku ba. A wannan rukunin yanar gizon, a matsayin mai mulkin, shuka ba zai sami damar bayar da amfanin gona na yau da kullun ba.
Mafi kyawun lokacin dasa shuki shuka ana ɗaukar kaka, amma, in kana so, Hakanan zaka iya yin shuki a lokacin bazara.
Babban abu da za a yi la’akari da shi lokacin da ake girma remont raspberries shine: dasa kwanakin, zurfin dasa seedling a cikin ƙasa da yawaitar dasa.
Lokaci - lokacin dasa shuki remontant raspberries na iya bambanta sosai tare da wasu nau'ikan. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, dole ne a shuka iri mai irin wannan shuka aƙalla mako guda kafin a tantance sanyi. Wannan iri-iri yana da yanayin aiki mai aiki sosai, wanda zai baka damar samun 'ya'yan itatuwa masu kyau ko da a lokacin manyan lokutan sanyaya, amma yana ba wasu rikitarwa lokacin dasa sabon kayan.
Wasu lambu suna fara dasa nan da nan bayan sanyi na ƙarshe kuma, a mafi yawan lokuta, wannan yana ba da sakamako mafi girma fiye da lokacin da dasa shuki a cikin alfarwa. Koyaya, wannan ya haifar da babbar matsala - a cikin farkon watanni 5 bayan irin wannan shuka, seedlings ba zai sami lokacin isa zuwa balaga da ake buƙata ba kuma ya ba da al'ada, babban amfanin gona. Na farko berries tare da wannan dasa za'a iya samun kawai a shekara ta biyu bayan dasa.
Saukowa - a matsayin mai mulkin, tsire-tsire na rasberi na remontant har zuwa 250 cm tsayi, lokacin farin ciki mai tushe, amma a lokaci guda suna da tushe mai nau'in bunch. Wannan fasalin yana bawa shuka damar karɓar abinci mai gina jiki kawai daga zurfin inda tushen tushe yake. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ya zama wajibi a dasa shuki na wannan nau'in tsiro zuwa zurfin 30-50 cm, wanda zai ba da izinin shuka ta hanyar kwantar da hankali ga dukkan abubuwan da suke buƙata don abinci mai gina jiki kuma ya ba da babban yanki don tattara ma'adanai.
Dasa yawa - a lokacin da dasa shuki raspberries na kayyade iri iri, yana da daraja la'akari da tsawo na bushes da kauri daga mai tushe. Dangane da waɗannan sigogi, bai kamata a dasa tsire-tsire kusa da shuka 2 ko fiye da bushes ɗaya a cikin mita 1 ba. Ba a shuka busheshen Rasberi a kowace shekara, amma lokaci 1 ne kawai a cikin tazara daga shekaru 7 zuwa 15, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ya zama dole a hankali kuma a bi da wannan hanyar don shuka ya girma daidai kuma ya kawo girbi mai kyau. Ka tuna cewa bishiyoyi rasberi bai kamata ya yi matso kusa ba, saboda ta wannan hanyar zai tsoma baki tare da ci gaban al'adarsu, kuma ya kamata ka kula dasu daidai.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa lokacin da ake yaduwar remont raspberries, ya kamata a biya kulawa sosai ga taki. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, lokacin dasa shuki shuka a kasan rami da aka shirya, yana da buqatar saka takin tare da lissafin buhun biyu a kowace mita gudu. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da humus da glassesan tabarau na takin mai magani. Idan ana so, maimakon takin zamani, zaku iya amfani da itacen ash, wanda shima zai ba da sakamako mai kyau don dasa shuki da tsiro.
Dole ne a rufe maɓuɓɓuga a cikin yadudduka:
- Yankin farko yana dauke da takin da aka riga aka shirya,
- na biyu shine qasa hade da takin zamani,
- na uku shine tsabtataccen yanki daga ƙasa mai kyau.
Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban don shuka bishiyoyin remont:
- Hanyar dasa shuki - ya shafi dasa, wanda nisa tsakanin layuka na bushes baya wuce mita 2, lokacin dasa shuki seedlings - 1 mita;
- Hanyar dasa tafan - yana nuna dasa shuki a cikin layuka ɗaya ko da yawa, tazara tsakanin wadda ta kai mita 0.6 - 0.9.
- Hanyar Bush na dasa - ya ƙunshi dasa shuki tare da sanya murabba'ai a gefunan murabba'ai, bangarorin wanda suke daga mita 1 zuwa 1.5; tare da wannan hanyar, ana shuka tsire-tsire ba da izini ba, suna zaɓar wuraren da yafi dacewa don dasawa.
Pruning rasberi rasberi - abin da ya kamata ka kula da shi
Idan kuna son samun amfanin gona mai kyau da girma kowace shekara daga raspberries, kuna buƙatar kulawa da shuka yadda yakamata, kuma ku yanke harbe kowace shekara. Idan gida mai rani kuma yana da irin nau'in raspberries, to, dole ne a yanke mai shekaru biyu na bushes bayan girbi. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana yin pruning a watan Nuwamba da Disamba.
Idan kana son samun amfanin gona mai wadatar rani a shekara mai zuwa, kana buƙatar yanke duk harbe har zuwa matakin ƙasa.
Lokacin da ake gyara raspberries na gyarawa, dole ne a yi la’akari da sharudda masu zuwa:
- ana yin rumfa kowace shekara sau 2;
- Mafi kyawun lokacin yin gashi shine ya zama Nuwamba-Disamba da Afrilu;
- kar a datse fi na mai tushe, daga gare su ne hadi yake farawa;
- ana yin girki ne kawai lokacin da kake son fadada lokacin girbi.
Babban kuskuren da yawancin mazauna bazara shine gaskiyar cewa sun fara kaciya daga saman tushe. Wannan yana rage yawan amfanin ƙasa da lokacin karɓar sa, saboda yana daga fiɗa ne wanda shuka ya fara takin.
Domin samun amfanin gona mai wadataccen mai inganci, kuna buƙatar gudanar da girbin hatsi na bazara na remont raspberries. Itacewar bazara ta ƙunshi cire 10-15 cm daga farkon toho na shuka.
Sai kawai waɗancan sassan rassan da mai tushe waɗanda aka bushe da daskararre a cikin hunturu ana cire su. Yin wannan nau'in an yi shi ne a farkon watan Afrilu, lokacin da farkon alamun farkon ya fara bayyana, kumbura kuma abu ne mai sauƙin samu hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa.
Sabbin nau'in rasberi na rasberi - mafi kyau don lambun ku
Yana da daraja a lura cewa akwai madaidaiciya iri-iri na nau'ikan raspberries. Sabbin nau'in nau'in remont raspberries na ba ku damar samun girbi mai kyau na inganci daban-daban. Kafin ka fara dasa shuki raspberries, kana buƙatar yanke hukunci irin nau'in nau'ikan da kake son shuka a shafin. A yau akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan Rashan sama da 200 daban-daban kuma kowannensu yana da halaye da kayan aiki.
Shahararrun sun hada da:
Atlant shine rasberi iri-iri, daji wanda zai iya kaiwa zuwa 1.75 m ba ga tsawo kuma ana ɗaukar shi mai ɗanɗano ne, yana da kusan babu karin gudu, wanda zai iya haɓaka dacewar girbi. Bushan daji yana da ƙananan faya-fayen filaye, busassun ganye masu duhu, manyan berries;
Perseus farkon iri-iri ne, yana da manyan fuka-fukai, har zuwa 2 m tsayi, babban duhu mai ruwan hoda, mai girma ɗaya, mai daɗi da m. Ana ɗaukar wannan nau'in da daman iri-iri ne na lokaci daya, da tsayayya da bushewa da naman gwari.
Giant mai rawaya shine nau'in matsakaici-marigayi, tare da harbe mai kauri, har zuwa 2 m a tsayi, yana da manyan furanni masu launin rawaya, ɗayan-girma, mai daɗi. Wannan nau'in yana da daɗewa mai ɗorewa, ana nuna shi da kwanciyar hankali na amfanin gona, kuma yana da juriya mai sanyi;
Cumberland shine matsakaici na marigayi, yana da yawa, harbe-tsaka-tsayi mai tsayi tare da alatu, akai-akai, fruitsan kananan baƙi, zagaye, mai daɗi. Daban-daban na farfadowa lokaci guda, mai tsayayya da sanyi da bushewa, ga cututtuka, cututtukan fata da matuƙar zafin jiki;
Gidaje masu launin zinare - farkon farashi, yana da matsakaici-girma, yada harbe-harbe, manyan berries, madaidaicin launin rawaya, siffar conical, mai daɗi da m. Wannan iri-iri ne quite resistant ga cututtuka daban-daban, yanayin zafi, kwari, cututtuka fungal.
Heriteage shine marigayi iri-iri, yana da manyan, madaidaiciya, harbe-mai ƙarfi, fure-sized matsakaici, ja mai haske a launi, tsayayye, baya faɗuwa na dogon lokaci, zagaye, mai daɗi da m. Wannan iri-iri ana ɗauka ɗayan mafi girman samar da gwaggwabar riba, mai tsayayya da cututtuka da kwari iri-iri, baya jure sanyi da damɓa.
Atlant shine rasberi iri-iri, daji wanda zai iya kaiwa zuwa 1.75 m ba ga tsawo kuma ana ɗaukar shi mai ɗanɗano ne, yana da kusan babu karin gudu, wanda zai iya haɓaka dacewar girbi. Bushan daji yana da ƙananan faya-fayen filaye, busassun ganye masu duhu, manyan berries;
Perseus farkon iri-iri ne, yana da manyan fuka-fukai, har zuwa 2 m tsayi, babban duhu mai ruwan hoda, mai girma ɗaya, mai daɗi da m. Ana ɗaukar wannan nau'in da daman iri-iri ne na lokaci daya, da tsayayya da bushewa da naman gwari.
Giant mai rawaya shine nau'in matsakaici-marigayi, tare da harbe mai kauri, har zuwa 2 m a tsayi, yana da manyan furanni masu launin rawaya, ɗayan-girma, mai daɗi. Wannan nau'in yana da daɗewa mai ɗorewa, ana nuna shi da kwanciyar hankali na amfanin gona, kuma yana da juriya mai sanyi;
Cumberland shine matsakaici na marigayi, yana da yawa, harbe-tsaka-tsayi mai tsayi tare da alatu, akai-akai, fruitsan kananan baƙi, zagaye, mai daɗi. Daban-daban na farfadowa lokaci guda, mai tsayayya da sanyi da bushewa, ga cututtuka, cututtukan fata da matuƙar zafin jiki;
Gidaje masu launin zinare - farkon farashi, yana da matsakaici-girma, yada harbe-harbe, manyan berries, madaidaicin launin rawaya, siffar conical, mai daɗi da m. Wannan iri-iri ne quite resistant ga cututtuka daban-daban, yanayin zafi, kwari, cututtuka fungal.
