A waje mai zurfin tunani na myrtle, danginsu Eugene ba zai iya yin alfahari da shahara iri ɗaya ba. Lokacin farin ciki, kwanciyar hankali na gyaran gashi - babban girman girman wannan shuka, godiya ga wanda aka yi amfani dashi don bonsai ko topiary na cikin gida. Amma duk da haka, mai laushi, fure kusan makiyaya na jan hankalin yawancin a cikin dakin eugenias. Bugu da kari, wannan tsiro nasa ne ba ma wahalar shuka amfanin gona da na karni na gaskiya ba.
Cutar Surinamese, ko Pitanga, ko Eugene mai-ƙarfi (Eugenia uniflora).
Kyakkyawan eugenia-daya da kuma dangi
Ya zuwa yanzu, myrtle na cikin gida ya kasance ɗayan shahararrun wakilan bishiyun na cikin gida, kuma dangin su na eugenia suna farawa don jan hankalin masu jan hankali. Itacen, wanda aka samo asali ne a yankuna masu ban tsoro na Australia da Kudancin Amurka, mallakar bishiyoyi ne masu kullun. A cikin yanayin, wannan shuka yana da cikakken daidaituwa, idan muka yi la’akari da hakan don kayan adon Australia (i.e. tsire-tsire na rarraba gida), matsakaicin tsawo na 6 m ba shi da yawa. Eugene yana girma da sauri kuma yana buƙatar sarrafawa.
Sunan Eugenia ko Eugenia ba a san shi da kyakkyawan sunan barkwanci ba. surinamese ko Ceriar kwalliya, wanda shuka ta karɓi don launi ja daga 'ya'yan itaciya. Sunan kasar Brazil shima ya shahara - pitanga.
A kan siyarwa, ba a samo tsirarru ba sau da yawa, kuma farashin eugenia ba su da ƙasa, amma bayyanar da shuka gaba ɗaya tana rama wannan raunin. Eugenia zo a cikin hanyar bonsai, kuma kamar ciyayi ko itace na yau da kullun. A cikin kundin litattafai kuma a kan shelf kuna iya samun yawancin nau'ikan eugenia biyu - eugenia myrtle (Eugenia myrtifolia) da eugenia mai amfani da wutar lantarki (Eugenia uniflora), amma rarrabuwar halittar eugene da sauran nau'ikan dangin Mirtov an daɗe ana duba su kuma an haɗa waɗannan tsire-tsire iri ɗaya. Don haka sunan na farko daidai yake da ma'anar “eugenia” ta “hukuma” mai launi iri ɗaya. Typeaya daga cikin nau'ikan tsire-tsire, a yau haɗe tare da yawancin nau'ikan da aka fi sani, an baya dasu a matsayin syzygium. Tsire-tsire suna da alaƙa da juna a zahiri, amma har yanzu sun bambanta sosai a cikin mahimman halayen su.
Eugene daya-flowered (Eugenia uniflora) koSuriname Cherry, ko Pitanga - bishiyoyi masu kyawawan bishiyoyi, kyawawan haushi, bakin ciki da daskararren yalwataccen harbe da kuma kyakkyawan tushen tsarin. Bishiyoyi na cikin gida da bishiyoyi suna ba da kyakkyawan zaɓi na taurari masu duhu. Hakanan zaka iya samun amfanin gona na fure a tsakanin su, amma fewan tsire-tsire suna da yawa kamar eugenia. A cikin wannan al'ada ta cikin gida, da greenery da fure iri ɗaya ne masu kyau, kuma eugenia kanta tana ɗauka cewa ɗayan ƙwararrun ƙwararrun gida ne.
Haushi a kan matasa harbe na eugenia mamaki tare da ja tint, wanda, kamar yadda yake ripens, canje-canje zuwa calmer da wuta launuka. Tushen yawanci sukan dan kadan daga ƙasa tare da shekaru. Ganyen eugenia masu duhu kore, oval-lanceolate tare da tukwici masu elongated, ƙanƙane, suna zaune a kan rassan. Tsawon ganyen ofanyen Surinamese (har 4-5 cm) a cikin al'adun daki a cikin Bonsai kusan an raba shi. Koren duhu mai duhu tare da haske, fatana baya kama classic. Eugenia yayi mamakin tare da sautin tagulla na ganye na matasa waɗanda ke daɗaɗa a hankali a hankali.
Furen furannin Eugenia ba su da girma sosai, kawai har zuwa 2 cm a diamita, amma suna da kyau sosai. Suna yin fure a cikin axils na ganye akan tsayi sosai a lokaci daya. Eugenia Blooming yana faruwa a cikin ɓangaren ɓangaren harbe. Corolla mai fa'ida guda huɗu da doguwar dama tare da fararen hular filawa da shuɗike rawaya masu haske suna da ladabi. Fatar-cream, inuwa mai taushi tana jaddada yanayin siliki na abubuwan fure da kuma kyawun adonsu na tsakiya. Eugenia ta haifi 'ya'yan itace a cikin yanayi mai kyau, kuma' ya'yan 'ya'yanta masu ja ba kawai mai haske da kyau bane, har ma da abin ci. Ribbed berries na Surinamese ceri a hankali canza launi daga orange zuwa duhu ja. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari eugene riga a shekara ta biyu ko ta uku. A dandano na coniferous berries alama sabon abu ne.
Dukkanin sassan eugenia suna da ƙanshi. Kyakkyawan resinous na bakin ciki-mai yaji-coniferous plume ya kasance har ma bayan shafa foliage a hannun.
Babban ragin a cikin hanyar bonsai wasu gida biyu ne, amma ƙasa da nau'ikan eugenia - eugenia brazilian (Eugenia brasiliensis), Grumichama da Nasarawa Eugenia (Eugenia nasara) A waje, yana da matukar wahala a rarrabe su da irin abincin Surinamese na yau da kullun, bambanci shine kawai a cikin jinkirin haɓakar eugenia na Brazil da 'ya'yan itace orange na Victoria eugenia.
'Ya'yan itãcen Pitanga, ko Surinamese CherryKulawar Gida ta Suriname Cherries
An yi imani da cewa eugenia ba a cikin hanyar bonsai a cikin al'adun dakin za a iya girma kawai a ƙaramin shekaru, saboda to da girma daga cikin shuka wuce da halatta masu girma dabam. Amma irin wannan labarin ba gaskiya ba ne. Girman shuka kai tsaye ya dogara da yadda ake kulawa da shi ko kuma sun tuna da aiwatar da samuwar. Mafi sau da yawa, ana rarraba cherries Surinamese a cikin nau'i na bonsai ko topiary na cikin gida, suna ba shi mafi kyau da tsayayyen contours. Ana iya kafa Eugene daidai da salon da ake so na ciki. Wannan ba capricious bane, amma har yanzu yana buƙatar sarrafa yanayin yanayin shuka.
Haske don eugenia
Ofaya daga cikin lokuta masu wahala a cikin namo eugenia shine ƙaunar walƙiya mai haske. Haske na tsakar rana kai tsaye suna da mummunar illa a cikin ganyayyaki, amma Evgenia baya jin tsoron safe da yamma. Ko da ɗan ƙaramin shading yana haifar da rushewar ci gaba, don haka idan ba zai yiwu ba shuka shuka a kan taga mai cike da haske, ko da a cikin lokacin dumama yana da kyau shirya fitila. A cikin hunturu, tsananin hasken ya kamata ya zama iri ɗaya, don haka eugenia ko dai an sake shirya shi zuwa wuri mai haske, ko kuma sake ba da haske.
Don cherries na Surinamese, kudu maso gabas da taga taga sun fi dacewa.
Zazzabi mai nutsuwa
Daga bazara zuwa kaka, Eugene na iya gamsuwa da yanayin da ya saba da ɗakunan zama. Shuka ba ta son zafi, amma tare da babban zafi zai kasance har yanzu ya zo da irin wannan yanayin. A lokacin rani, zafin jiki na shuka bai kamata ya faɗi ƙasa da digiri 18 ba.
Bayanin hunturu na eugenia yana buƙatar hunturu mai sanyi. Don shuka, zazzage iska zuwa saukar zuwa digiri 12-15 Celsius. Idan aka tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali, to mafi kyau. Mafi ƙarancin ƙimar yarda da eugenia sune digiri 8 Celsius.
Kamar kowane wakilai na Mirtov, eugenia ba shine mafi tsayayya ga canje-canje na zazzabi ba, zayyana, damuwa. Don cherry Surinamese, musamman waɗanda suka girma a cikin hanyar bonsai, ya wajaba don tabbatar da yanayin tsayayyen yanayin kwanciyar hankali. A shuka amsa da kyau zuwa sabo ne iska, amma ya zama dole don nuna eugenia a mafaka, dumi wurare. A lokacin rani, ana iya fitar da shi a ƙarƙashin sararin sama, zaɓin wuraren da sham.
Watering da zafi
Eugene baya son tsauraran ra'ayi, saboda haka ya fi kyau a shayar da shi a hankali, a kai a kai ana duba yadda ƙasa ke bushewa tsakanin waɗannan hanyoyin. Ba ya da yawa, amma yawan shayarwa, ba da damar yin amfani da shi don bushewa a cikin babban Layer, yana da kyau. Ruwa a cikin kwanon rufi bai kamata a ɓoye ba. Idan eugenia yana girma kamar bonsai, to, yana da kyau a bincika danshi ƙasa yau da kullun ko shigar da alamun danshi na musamman don sauƙaƙe tabbatarwa. Lokacin da turɓaya ta bushe, itaciyar tayi watsi da ganyayyaki.
Tsarin ban ruwa na hunturu don eugenia an canza shi lokacin da yake kwantar da shi. An bar kasar gona ta bushe kusan gaba daya.
Don cherries na Surinamese, zaka iya amfani da tsararren hanyar shayarwa da nutsarwa cikin ruwa don jiƙa daƙar ema. Na biyu hanya ne musamman rare lokacin da girma eugeny a cikin hanyar bonsai.
Eugenia yanki ne mai walƙiya-daɗaɗɗen ruwa, ƙaunataccen ƙauna wanda ya fi son danshi-babban iska mai ƙarfi. Mafi kyawun aikin shine kusan 40-50%. Ba lallai ba ne don shigar da humidifiers don ceri na Suriname, idan yawan zafin jiki na sama ya yi yawa ko kuma tsire-tsire yana kusa da kayan aikin dumama da tsarin kwandishan, to, ana gabatar da spraying akai-akai cikin shirin kulawa.
Don eugenia, suna amfani da ruwa kaɗan mai dumin zafi sama da iska dakin, distilled mai laushi ko ruwa mai dafa. Ruwa ko da ruwa mai wuya abu ne mai haɗari.
Ana Share ganyayyaki daga turɓaya da datti - kwatankwacin tsire-tsire na cikin gida - don tsabtattun Surinamese ya kamata a haɗa su ta hanyar tsabtace shekara da na kwandon da haushi.
Cutar Surinamese, ko Pitanga, ko Eugene mai-ƙarfi (Eugenia uniflora).
Abinci mai Suriname
Ko da kuwa irin nau'in namo, eugenia yana buƙatar ciyarwa ta yau da kullun daga Maris zuwa Agusta. Ana yin suturar miya ta 1 a cikin makonni biyu. Gwanin da aka ba da shawarar samfurin masana'antar don cherries Surinamese dole ne a rage. Ana ciyar da Bonsai ko da a cikin hunturu, yana rage adadin ciyar har zuwa lokaci 1 a wata.
Don eugenia, yana da kyau a yi amfani da takin mai magani ba na duniya ba, amma gaurayawan na musamman don tsirrai da tsire-tsire masu ɗorewa. Girma a cikin nau'i na bonsai ko pre-bonsai, Eugenia yana ciyar da takin gargajiya na musamman don bonsai.
Cututtukan eugenia
Idan ba tare da kafawa na yau da kullun ba, ƙaramin girman da kambi mai yawa na cherin Surinamese zai yi matukar wahala a kula. A kan shuka a ko'ina cikin tsawon lokacin aiki mai girma, zaku iya ɗaura fiɗa na matasa twigs. A farkon bazara, zaku iya datsa yadda kuke so, rike kyawawan kwano ko hana haɓaka. Eugene daidai yayi haƙuri da haske da kuma kyakkyawan aski.
Formation da shugabanci na ci gaban eugenia a bonsai ne da za'ayi amfani da waya na al'ada, amma don kare haushi m, shi ne mafi alh preri pre-kunsa shi da laushi na halitta masana'anta. Sauƙaƙewar harbe-harbe yana sa ya zama mai sauƙin jagorantar shuka, amma ba zaku iya barin waya fiye da watanni 3 a shekara akan eugeny ba.
Dasawa da canza ruwa
Eugenia yana dasawa tare da mita na 1 lokaci a cikin shekaru 2 ko lessasa da haka, ya danganta da yadda Tushen ke motsa tushen a cikin tukwane. Sai kawai a farkon shekarun girma eugenia na iya buƙatar dasa shekara-shekara. A shuka jure gaggawa transplants da kyau, suna da za'ayi a wata 'yar alamar alamar dampness waterlogging, salting na kasar gona ko yaduwar rot. Kuna iya dasa cherin Surinamese a kowane lokaci, amma bazara da damina sun fi dacewa.
Cutar Surinamese ta fi son soasa acidic dan kadan tare da amsa na 5.5 zuwa 6.6 pH. Samun ɗan ƙasa gabaɗaya ya dace da shuka. Ko da a cikin tsari na bonsai, ana iya girma eugenia a cikin gaurayawar ƙasa. Za a iya samar da madadin eugenia ta hanyar haɗawa da yashi daidai, ƙasa mai ciyawa da humus tare da ƙasa na turf biyu. Ana buƙatar componentsarin abubuwan kwance abubuwa (perlite, kayan kwakwa, da sauransu) don eugenia ana buƙatar.
Eugene za a iya girma a kan hydroponics, a cikin kwakwa ko sauran abubuwan wucin gadi.
Ana aiwatar da jujjuyawar Eugenia sosai a hankali. Don bonsai, zaku iya datsa tsarin, amma ya fi iyakance rhizome kawai cikin gaggawa, saboda ba a mayar da shuka bayan an gama girki. Lokacin dasawa, yana da kyau a guji hulɗa marasa tushe tare da asalin sa. Tushen ƙwayar ceri na Surinamese bazai binne shi a cikin ƙasa ba. Bayan dasawa, ana yin sharar ruwa a hankali kuma ana kiyaye eugenia a cikin inuwa na sati guda.
Canzawa daga eugenia brazilian, ko grumichama (Eugenia brasiliensis) 
Canzawa daga eugenia brazilian, ko grumichama (Eugenia brasiliensis)Cutar da kwari
Eugene ne mai yawan tsire-tsire mai jurewa. Ya kasance mafi haɗarin lalacewa da matsaloli saboda ƙirƙirar yanayi mara kyau ko kuskure a cikin kulawa fiye da kwari ko cututtukan fungal, amma a cikin yanayin sakaci akan cakulan Surinamese zaka iya ganin alamun lalacewa ta hanyar iska, gizo-gizo gizo, fararen fata ko aphids. Idan akwai alamun waɗannan matsalolin, kuna buƙatar bincika yanayin tsarewa, gudanar da gyaran kulawa ko jigilar gaggawa, koma wurin fesawa tare da maganin maganin kwari. Lokacin da aka fitar da shi cikin bazara don iska mai kyau, inji zai iya yin wahala sosai daga matukan su da kuma matafilai, waɗanda ke jawo hankalin furannin eugenia masu ƙanshi.
Matsaloli na yau da kullun a cikin girma cherries Surinamese:
- bayyanar tabo a cikin ganyayyaki tare da waterlogging na kasar gona;
- saukad da ganyayyaki cikin ruwa;
- faduwa da ganye a cikin zafi.
Sake bugun Eugenia
Wannan inji ana daukar tsada sosai saboda matsalolin haifuwa da tsirrai. Don samun zuriya daga eugenia, ana amfani da geffen lignified tare da tsawon game da cm 10. Ana amfani da daskarar da ƙwayar cuta bayan magani tare da haɓaka mai haɓakawa a cikin cakuda substrate da perlite ko vermiculite, suna kula da yanayin barga. Bayan dasa cherry na Surinamese, ana ajiye su a cikin gidajen katako har tsawon wata biyu, sannan a hankali sun saba da yanayin al'ada kuma sai bayan cikakken karbuwa ana dasa su.
Wani lokaci ana fadada eugenia ta hanyar sanya iska ta iska, wanda aka karesu kamar yadda yake a kan itacen inabi na cikin gida.
Abubuwan Eugene suna da wuya a sayar. Aikin su na bukatar sarrafa zazzabi da yanayi na musamman, da sauri zasu yi asarar su. Za'ayi shuka ne zuwa zurfin 0.5-1 cm, a cikin gurbin haske. Sprouting na ceri cherry tsaba yana ɗaukar wata ɗaya kawai, amma kuna buƙatar sarrafa zazzabi a matakin barga na digiri 22-24 kuma ku kula da danshi ƙasa mai laushi. Seedlings cikin sauki rasa, don haka kafin wata biyu na real ganye bayyana ana kiyaye su a cikin greenhouses. Tsire-tsire suna haɓakawa da sauri, amma ba ta wannan hanyar ba: wasu suna yin fure bayan shekaru 2-3, wasu kawai bayan shekaru 6-7.
