Arabis (lat.Arabis) tsirrai ne na tsiro na Cabbage, wanda kuma ana kiranta pekuha. Akwai nau'ikan sama da 100 a cikin wannan yanayin, suna girma a cikin wurare da yawa na canjin yanayin duniya, daga yankuna yankuna masu zafi na Arewa zuwa tsaunin tsaunin Afirka.
Kalmar "Arabis" tana da asali ba a sani ba. Amma ga sunan "rezukha", ana haifar dashi ta hanyar wahalar shuka, wanda za'a iya yanka koda baku taɓa shi ba.
Batun arabis din ya shiga cikin shekaru sama da 200. Wannan itace mashahurin shuka a cikin shimfidar wuri, inda za'a iya ganin ta a cikin kayan gadaje na fure, wuraren haɗuwa, kusa da kan iyakoki, kan ragi da kuma nunin faifai masu tsayi. Don haka, zamuyi la’akari da yadda zaka kula da arabis a yankin ka kuma shiga cikin haifinta.
Harkar tsirar larabawa
Tsarin tsiro na Arabis lokacin da aka shuka shi
Girma arabis daga tsaba ya shafi matakai da yawa:
1. Shuka tsaba. Ana samun iri a yalwace a cikin shagunan ƙwararrun kan sayar da ire-iren ƙwayoyin cuta. Za'a iya siyan iri na musamman a nunin furanni. Za'ayi shuka ne a cikin kaka, a cikin watan Oktoba, don ganin tumatir tare da zafi na farko bayan hunturu. Amma zaku iya shuka tsaba a cikin bazara, a watan Afrilu. Na farko, an sanya iri a cikin akwati tare da pre-shirye substrate dauke da yashi tare da kananan duwatsu da gonar gona a cikin rabo na 1: 3. Zurfin dasa - har zuwa 5 mm, zazzabi germination - 20 ºC. Don germinate kamar yadda zai yiwu, shirya wani greenhouse daga agrospan.
Tsarin Arabis
2. Shuka seedlings. Farkon harbe ya bayyana bayan makonni 3-4. Bayan wannan, an cire kore, an rage lamba da girman ban ruwa, kuma an canja akwati tare da seedlings zuwa wuri mai haske. Kula da seedling mai sauki ne - moistening na zamani da kuma kwance ƙasa.
3. Zaba. Lokacin da ganye na farko na farko suka bayyana, ana cinye arabis seedlings. Dole ne a raba shi cikin seedlings kuma dasa a nesa na 30 cm ko a cikin tabarau daban. Amma wannan mai yiwuwa ne a lokuta biyu: idan an shirya shuka ga mutum dasawa, kuma ba don tsiro da magana ba, kuma idan kuna shirin sayar da seedlings akayi daban-daban.
4. Dasa cikin ciyawar fure. Kafin wannan tsari, ya kamata a sami 'yan ƙasan cikin wadataccen iskar. Saboda wannan, ana fitar da su zuwa ga buɗe na ɗan wani lokaci a cikin kullun don makonni biyu. Amma a lokaci guda, bai kamata a bar kananan kwayoyin su kasance cikin daftarin da zai cutar dasu ba. Lokacin da hardening tsari ya ƙare, duk tsire-tsire suna sanya wuri a kan fure kuma an dasa shi.
Saukowa arabis a bude yake
Yaushe shuka arabis
Arabis an dasa shi a cikin fili a cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na bazara ko bazara. Lokacin dasa, zaɓi lokacin da seedling yana da ganye na gaskiya uku. Arabis ana shuka shi ne akan wani fili wanda rana tayi aski, haka kuma iska ta hura shi. Wannan baya nufin ba zai yi girma a cikin inuwar rezha ba. Amma akwai lamba da girman furanni, kazalika da haɓaka girma zai zama mafi talauci.
Hakanan la'akari da abubuwan da ake buƙata don haɗarin ƙasa a shafin. Rezukha yana buƙatar yankan yashi, sako-sako, matsakaici mai laushi, wanda babu ciyawa mai ciyawa. Don yin takin mai magani mai yawa da nau'in halitta. Saboda ƙasa ta mamaye danshi har ma ya fi kyau kuma yana cike da iskar oxygen, yashi, sod, ƙara ƙara aka yi musu.
Idan mai ƙasa ba ya son shirya ƙasa, zaku iya dasa arabis a kowane ƙasa
ko da calcined ko m. Itatuwa zai yi tushe, amma ba zai ba da ciyawar fure ba kamar yadda aka zata.
An dasa seedling ɗaya a kan yanki na 40x40 cm. Don yin kafet da yawa, za ku iya dasa shuka 4 a lokaci daya. Lokacin da duk makircin ya cika, ana shayar da shi da yawa, kuma bayan fewan kwanaki, idan ba a shirya ƙasa kafin ba, yin takin ma'adinan da aka yi da shirye. A cikin shekarar shuka, arabis ba zai yi fure ba, amma zai yi farin ciki kawai a kakar mai zuwa.
Kula da arabis a cikin flowerbed
Arabis perennial waje dasa da kuma kula
Larabawa a shafin ba su da wahalar kulawa. Yana da Dole a shayar da shi, cire ciyawa, a yanka lokaci-lokaci, takin ƙasa, aiwatar da loosening na ƙasa, kula da shuka daga kwari, idan sun bayyana. A roach za a iya girma a wurin da babu matsanancin ruwan sama, saboda yana sauƙin jure fari. Amma wuce haddi danshi adversely rinjayar da ci gaban da wadannan furanni, don haka sake kada su shayar.
Dole ne a tsaftace larabawa koyaushe na ciyayi, in ba haka ba za su nutsar da tsire-tsire masu ƙoshin gaske. Lokacin da seedlings suka sami ƙarfi, ba za ku iya yin wannan a hankali ba. Don samar da kyakkyawan daji, ana yin harbe harbe akai-akai. Guda iri ɗaya ya shafi fure furanni, pruning wanda wanda stimulates samuwar sabon peduncles.
Yadda ake yada arabis
Arabis saukowa da hoton kulawa
Abu ne mai sauqi ka dasa shuki a shafin ka kuma yaduwa, tunda ana iya amfani da hanyoyin ciyayi (rarrabe daji, rassa, gungumen) da kuma tsirar (zuriya) don wannan. Ana iya amfani da hanyar ƙarshen don kawai don nau'in kiwan ɗan arabis, tunda yana da zafi sosai.
Don samun ƙarancin terry arabises akan rukunin yanar gizon, yada su da yanke
An yanke ganye tare da diddige daga tsire-tsire na tsofaffi (ya ƙunshi cumbria, wanda ke da alhakin haɓakar shuka), wanda aka kafe. Don cire diddige, an yanke mayafin a hannu tare da wani maƙoƙi, yana ƙoƙarin ɗauka haushi da tushe da namansa. Aka rabuwa da petiole ne da za'ayi bayan flowering na shuka. Hakanan zaka iya yanke saman santimita 10, wanda bazai zama mai ƙarancin abu mai shuka ba. Ana cire ƙananan ganye daga gare ta.
An shirya furannin da aka shirya sun zama ƙasa, sai an rufe tukunyar ƙasa tare da ruwan wuta kuma a sanya shi cikin wuri mai haske. Ana shigar da ƙasa a kai a kai domin kada ta bushe. Kowace rana, ana buɗe gidan kore don mintuna da yawa don iska da iska don cire iska. Siginar da shuka ta fara shine maido da ɓarnar ganyayyaki na sama. Bayan haka, zaku iya shirya don dasa shuki a cikin fure. Yana ɗaukar tsarin duka kusan wata guda.
Wata hanyar da za a yi rubutu ita ce samun farawa
Suna ɗaukar harbe-harben na arabis kuma suka yanke saman sa, suka tono ta a yankin na kumburin ganye. A tsawon lokaci, zai ba da sabon Tushen kuma ya zama cikakkiyar shuka da za a iya rarrabe ta da dasawa.
M da yawa shiga cikin rarraba daji. Wannan na iya zama dole lokacin da ake kiwon terry da iri mai mahimmanci. An dasa shuka a cikin faɗuwa kuma an rarrabu tare tare da tushen cikin sassa da yawa, waɗanda aka dasa cikin wurare da aka shirya a kan gadon filawa.
Kwari da cututtuka na arabis
arabis flower dasa da kuma kula
Creeper ba shi da wata matsala ta parasites da kowane nau'in cututtuka, amma inji mai saukin kamuwa da cutar mosaic da kwaro da kwari. Cutar na farko ta dabi'a ce - aibobi launin ruwan kasa sun bayyana akan ganyayyaki, wanda ke ƙaruwa, yana shafan duk ganye. Babu magani ga mosaic, saboda haka ana cire wanda abin ya shafa an kuma kone shi, an lalatar da ƙasa.
Suna yaƙi da ƙugiyar da ke gicciye tare da taimakon Actellik, Biotlin, Actara, Karbofos, Spark. Yin amfani da magungunan gargajiya - ash ash - bashi da wani tasiri na musamman.
Shuka kulawa bayan fure
Noma Arabis
Ko da lokacin da yake arabis ɗin fure, ya kamata grower lura da mafi girman inflorescences daga abin da tattara tsaba. Lokacin da sanyi na farko suka wuce, ana girbe su a cikin bushewar yanayi. Idan ka tara iri a lokacin da bai dace ba, wataƙila bazai girma da kyau shekara mai zuwa. Inflorescences tare da kara an yanke kuma an ba su damar bushewa riga a cikin dakin, rataye a bushe, wurare masu iska. Lokacin da kayan aikin ya bushe, ana cire tsaba daga ciki, ana sanya su a cikin kwali mai kwali kuma a adana har zuwa lokacin shuka.
Winlic arabis
Wannan tsire-tsire yana tsira ne kawai a cikin karamin sanyi - kusan -5-7 ºC. Don tabbatar da rayuwarta har ma a cikin yanayi mafi tsananin zafi, an yanke kusan ƙurewar arabis, ana barin 3-4 cm kawai, kuma an rufe tushen da ganye, ciyawa, rassan rassan, da sauran kayan da ke kare tsananin sanyi.
Iri da nau'in arabis ko rhesus
Don dalilai na ado, ana shuka nau'ikan arabis masu yawa akan ciyawar fure:
Arab albis arabian photo
Larabawa mai tsayi (Arabis albazam). Gida na asali shine Far East, Urals, Scandinavia, Yammacin Turai, Arewacin Amurka, mafi daidaituwa, dutsen yana cikin waɗannan wurare. Perennial ya girma har zuwa cm 35 a tsayi. Ana yin sabbin harbe-harben, kama da bulala.
Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna girma kai tsaye a ƙasa kuma basu mutu a cikin sanyi ba, don haka samar da matashin wicker a ƙasa. Ganyayyaki a Tushen kuma akan mai tushe sun bambanta. Na farkon su masu kyau ne, na biyu kuma masu sihirin zuciya ne. Furanni farar fata ne ko ruwan hoda, masu kamshi sosai cikin girman cm cm 1. An tattara su cikin buroshi mai tsawon 5 cm, wanda ke buɗe a cikin bazara. Lokaci na hurawa - fiye da wata daya.
Da yawa iri na mai tsayi arabis suna girma cikin al'ada:
- shneeskhaube - tsayin tsirrai har zuwa 25 cm, furanni sun fi girma fiye da saba (2 cm), an tattara goge har zuwa 15 cm tsayi;
- terry - furanni na fure a cikin inflorescences terry, ya dan yi kama da na hagu;
- ruwan hoda - yana da sifofi iri ɗaya kamar schneshaube, amma launikan fure ya kasance ruwan hoda.
Arab bruid larabawa brisid
Arabis bruvate (Arabis bryoides) - yana girma a Girka da Balkans, suna zaune galibi sune Alpine da sassan subalpine. Wannan perennial kuma yayi girma matashi-kamar, amma karami (10 cm high). An bambanta jinsunan da ƙananan ganye, waɗanda aka yalwata da yalwata. Tsarin su m, ana tattara su a cikin safa. Furannin furen fari ne a launi, ana tattara su cikin inflorescences na corymbose, 3-6 guda kowannensu.
Arab Caucasian Arabis caucasica hoto
Arabis Caucasian (Arabis caucasica) - ana ɗaukarsa matsayin asalin Alpine arabis ne, wanda ke zaune a duwatsun Crimea, Caucasus, Asia orarami, da Rum. Wannan shi ne ɗayan manyan, wanda ya girma har zuwa cm 30. Ganyen arabis yana da ƙananan launuka masu launin toka-shuɗi, an rufe su da babban farin villi. Tsarin su ya girma, gefen hakoran manyan hakora suna kwance. Furen Caucasian arabis fararen fata, furanni suna da girman 1.5 cm, kuma inflorescences a cikin wani goga - 8 cm. Lokacin furanni shine Yuni-Yuli. A ƙarshenta, doguwar kunkuntar tayi da tsaba tayi.
Wannan shi ne ɗayan tsohuwar nau'in da aka noma, wanda aka girma a cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan:
- flora-hijira - yana da manyan fararen furanni fari biyu, a zaune akan dogayen falo;
- varigata - daban a launi na ganye, saboda suna da iyakar rawaya a kusa da gefen;
- rosabella - ba kamar sauran nau'in ba, yana da furanni masu ruwan hoda.
Arab Arab Runners Arabis procurrens
Ruwaway Arabis (Tsarin Arabis) - yana girma a cikin tsaunukan Balkans. Veryaramin tsire mai ɗan gajeren tsayi tare da tsayi ba fiye da 12 cm ba, yana ƙirƙirar ƙaramin rosettes tare da ganye da fure nondescript. An dasa wata itaciya a kan gangara don hana shimfidar wurare. Wannan nau'in na iya tsayayya da frosts, baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Don aminci, ya fi kyau rufe shi don hunturu. Ana amfani da nau'in variegate a cikin gadaje na fure, tare da babban farin iyaka wanda ake iya gani a ƙarshen ganye kore. Yawo mai launin shuɗi, a hankali yana jujjuya fari.
Larabawa ba a saukar da Arabis pumila ba
Ba a saukar da Arab ba (Arabis pumila) wani karamin nau'in cirrus ne wanda ke da tsayin kusan cm 15 Yana girma a cikin Alps da kuma cikin Apennines. Fulawa ba ta da darajar ado, tunda furanni fari ne, ƙanana, mummuna. A cikin al'adun da suka girma saboda 'ya'yan itatuwa, waɗanda kyawawa ne sosai.
Arabis androsacea larabawa
Ruwa na larabawa (Arabis androsacea) - wanda ke zaune a duwatsun Turkiyya, ana samun shi a tsaunin sama da kilomita 2. Ofaya daga cikin ƙananan tsire-tsire - tsawo ba ya wuce cm 5-10. An tattara ganyayyaki a cikin Rosette, suna da m, siffar da aka nuna kaɗan. Furannin furanni suna farin cikin garkuwa da sako-sako.
Addinin larabawa ya kwantar da jinin larabawa
Aka sanya Arabis din (Arabis blepharophylla) - yayi girma a California a tsawon 500 m. Tsarin Shuka - 8 cm, diamita - ba fiye da sentimita 25 ba.
Sabili da haka, akan tsarinta, an ba da iri biyu a al'adu:
- Hanyar Saƙo - tana da fure mai haske mai haske da manyan ganye mai elongated;
- Frühlingshaber - ya bambanta a cikin ƙananan ganye da furanni ruwan hoda.
Arabis Ferdinand na Coburg Variegat lat. Arabis ferdinandi-coburgii variegata
Arabis Ferdinand na Coburg Variegat (lat. Arabis ferdinandi-coburgii "Variegata") shine mafi karancin nau'in arabis wanda tsayinsa bai wuce 5 cm ba kuma zurfin daji shine cm 30. An dauke shi tsire-tsire mai ƙararewa ne. Hoton yana halin farin furanni mai tsayi, da kuma ganye mai daɗi, wanda ke da launi mai haske na fure da kullin launin shuɗi ko ruwan hoda. Ana tattara ganyen a mafita. Dankin yana da sanyi mai-tsayawa a gaban ingataccen tsarin magudanar ruwa.
Arabis ko rezuca Bayanin Botanical na nau'in
Caucasian arabis hoto na furanni Arabis caucasica Blepharophylla
Kodayake arabis shine tsiro na zamani, ana iya girma a matsayin shekara-shekara, idan kanason maye gurbin furannin fure a kowace shekara. Wannan fure ya bazu ko'ina cikin shafin, sauƙi a cikin tushe. Tsawon yana da girma babba, amma na farfaɗo - cm 30. Ganyen kore kore yana cike da farin gashi, mai kamannin zuciya, wani lokacin suna da haƙoran a gefuna.
Shuka shuka a tsakiyar bazara, ta rufe ƙasa da fari, ruwan hoda, furanni masu launin shuɗi tare da furanni masu sauƙi da nau'i biyu. Furanni ƙananan - 1.5 cm, amma an tattara su cikin inflorescences - goge mai yawa. Lokacin furanni, creeper yana samar da ƙanshin mai daɗi, sabili da haka yana ɗayan manyan tsire-tsire na zuma a cikin fure, yana jawo yawancin ƙudan zuma. Sa'an nan 'ya'yan itacen da aka kafa a cikin hanyar kwafsa, a cikin abin da lebur tsaba ripen, wani lokacin da zaki kifi.
Tare da rekha, zaku iya shuka tsire-tsire masu kama da yawa, kuna samar da kusan iri ɗaya, amma fure mai launi iri-iri, saboda arabis yana da dangi da yawa. Waɗannan su ne alissum, colza, kabeji, Iberis, radish, mustard, horseradish da sauran kabeji. An sani game da rookh cewa yana da sauƙi girma, sabili da haka, haɓaka shi a cikin lambu zai ba kawai ƙanshi mai daɗi da bayyanar kyakkyawa ba ta hanyar fure, amma kuma za ta zama mallaki haske.
