Hibiscus wani rukuni ne na tsirrai daga ƙungiyar Malvaceae. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana wadatattun bishiyoyin daji da shukoki, amma furanni masu ƙoshin ciyawa ana iya samun su. A cikin canjin yanayin sanyi yana girma tare da wahala, sabili da haka, ana yin mafi yawan hibiscus kamar furanni na cikin gida, kuma a lokacin rani ana fitar dashi zuwa veranda ko loggia. A cikin yanayin zafi, ana iya samun furanni a ƙasa mai buɗewa.
Haihuwar hibiscus wurare ne na kasar Sin da ke yankin Asiya. Hakanan za'a iya samunsa a Afirka, Amurka, Ostiraliya. Kuma a Hawaii, fure ne na ƙasa.
Furanni na Hibiscus: hoto da kwatancin
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, hibiscus yana da matsala, gan kullun ƙananan bishiyoyi ko bushes 2.5-3.5 m a cikin girman .. Karamin wannan tsiron ya zama danda, ganyayyaki suna kan petioles. Manyan launuka masu launuka masu launuka masu haske kusan mil 6-32 zuwa girman.Madanin furanni na hibiscus ya bambanta sosai. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ƙananan ƙananan akwatina suna watse cikin ganye 5. A cikin su akwai tsiran cyacyan fata ko ƙwayar fibrous, amma a cikin wasu nau'in ana iya fitar da tsaba gaba ɗaya.
Hibiscus yana da tsawon rayuwa na kimanin shekaru 22. Idan kun shirya kulawar da ta dace don hibiscus kuma ku sanya shi duka yanayi, shuka zai iya girma har zuwa 3. A yau akwai furanni da furannin hibiscus na cikin gida, jimla, lambobi kimanin 300.
Itace hibiscus
Yawancin lambu suna ƙaunar wannan nau'in shuka don manyan (game da 11 cm.) Furanni masu launi da kuma nasarar yin amfani da su azaman shinge mai raye, yayin yin kwalliyar makircinsu na sirri. Kyakkyawan shayarwa da ƙasa mai daɗi sune mafi mahimmanci ga hibiscus. Terry kwai-dimbin yawa ganye, da kuma kyau na m fure zai ba da shuka kyakkyawan germination.
Fitsari Hibiscus
Shuka tare da manyan furanni masu haske, an yi wa ado da tarkacen carmine kusa da corolla. Tare da kulawa da ta dace, yana blooms har shekara guda. Mazauna rani suna ƙaunar dasa wannan shuka kamar shinge.
Abbiscus na gida cikin kulawa ba shi da cikakkiyar fassara, ana amfani da furannansu don dalilai na ado da magani.
Mafi mashahuri a cikin aikin lambu na gida shine hibiscus chinese. Tana da manyan ganyayyaki masu yaduwa tare da gyaɗa kai. Hibiscus blooms na wani lokaci mai tsawo: daga farkon bazara zuwa ƙarshen kaka. Manyan furanni masu haske sun wuce kwanaki. Launi, a matsayin mai mulkin, mai haske ja ne, amma a cikin shagunan zaka iya samun nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan terry da launuka masu sauƙi cikin fararen, shuɗi, da shunayya.
Hibiscus shine asthmatous. Wannan nau'in herbaceous na hibiscus yana tasowa ne kawai a kudu. Ganyen tsiro suna kama da sunflower. Manyan furanni masu launin ja tare da jan wuya, ba a buɗe shi cikakke wata rana.
Terry hibiscus. Itace tana da manyan fararen furanni kusan 14 cm a cikin girma wata rana. Wannan fure mai fure mai launin shuɗi ganye mai haske yana da kyan gani da kyan gani. Ya fi son kyakkyawan shayarwa da haske mai haske.
Sau uku hibiscus. Wannan shine tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara wanda aka girma ta amfani da seedlings. Ya bambanta a cikin cewa furanni masu kirim ɗin buɗe a 7 da safe kuma suna rufe 20.
Hibiscus mai mutafi ne. Ya bambanta a cikin cewa kyawawan furanninta suna kama da fure mai fure kuma a lokacin canza launi na fure daga fari zuwa rasberi, a ƙarshen fure. A cikin tsawo na iya zama har zuwa 4.5 m.
Okra kuma an girma daga tsaba. Wannan furen fure ne na shekara-shekara, wanda zai iya kaiwa tsawon 3 m. Manyan furanni masu launin shuɗi ko shunayya suna cikin sinus ɗin kuma, suna yin fure, berriesirƙiraran berries waɗanda suka yi kama da eggplant ko bishiyar asparagus don dandana.
Hibiscus
Wannan itace tsire-tsire mai tsananin wuya kuma baya buƙaci sosai akan girma a gida. Yana girma cikin sauri. Tare da kulawa ta dace, yana da yawan fure, yana faruwa cewa blooms har ma a cikin hunturu. Abu mafi mahimmanci da hibiscus yake buƙata shine haske mai haske, yawan shayarwa da feshin furanni.
Yana da kyawawa don sanya shi a cikin wani wuri mai kariya daga iska, amma lit a hankali. Lokaci-lokaci na bukatar koto: a duk tsawon lokacin girma, kimanin lokaci 1 cikin kwanaki 14, ana ƙara taki ma'adinan zuwa ruwan ban ruwa. A farkon bazara, tare da dasawa, ana dasa fure, wannan yana taimakawa reshe na shuka.
Haske da ruwa
Hibiscus shine tsire-tsire na cikin gida wanda dole ne a fesa shi koyaushe kuma a shayar dashi. A lokacin rani, kuna iya sau biyu a rana, kuma bazara ya isa sau daya. A cikin hunturu, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana rage ruwa, kuma a lokacin girma ana shayar da su sosai. Duniya ta zama tilas a kowane lokaci ta zama mai danshi da sako-sako. Sha ruwa hibiscus zai fi dacewa tare da tsaftataccen ruwa.
A shuka fi son yaduwar halitta haske. A lokacin rani, yana da kyawawa sanya shi a kan windowsill ko gabas ko yamma. Idan windows suna gefen kudu, yana da kyau a sanya hibiscus daga taga ko kuma kare tsiron daga hasken rana kai tsaye, yana rufe shi da mayafi. A cikin yanayin dumi, ana iya fallasar hibiscus a waje, amma kuna buƙatar kare shi daga iska da hasken rana kai tsaye.
Zazzabi
Mafi yawan zafin jiki da ya fi dacewa don hibiscus yayin girma shine 17-24 C. Da girma kuma shine tsire-tsire mai jure yanayin inuwa, amma ba ya tsiro cikin inuwa haka ba da himma. A lokacin hunturu kar a bada izinin rage zafin jiki a ƙasa 12 Cin ba haka ba shuka zai zubar da ganyayyaki.
An dage farawa daga cikin inflorescence na shuka a 13 digiri 13-18. A farkon lokacin hunturu, tare da zuwan lokacin damuwa, an saita fure a wuri mai duhu, yana ci gaba daga dumama, anan ne hibiscus ɗin yake har zuwa watan Maris. Yayin bayyanar ganyayyaki, tun kafin samuwar buds, an sake dasa shuka.
Haushi
A wannan batun, hibiscus ba shi da ma'ana, amma yana da kyau a fesa shi lokaci-lokaci. An dasa tsiron fure tare da daidaita ruwa a zazzabi a ɗakin. Yin feshin Hibiscus shima babban rigakafin kaska ne.
Kasa don girma
Soilasa don hibiscus dole ne ya zama mai numfashi, a kwance shi sosai, a cikin tukunya, tabbas za ku yi magudanar ruwa. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, kasar gona ta ƙunshi turf, ganye, ƙasa mai cike da ruwa, peat, taki, yashi, ƙaramar gawayi. Yatsan duniya dole ne ya kasance tsaka tsaki: pH 6.5-7.5. Idan acid ɗin ƙasa ya kasance a cikin wani yanki na daban, zai fi wahala ga hibiscus ya ɗauki abubuwan gina jiki.
Da takin zamani da koto
Ma'adinai da nitrogen wanda ke dauke da koto yana ta da ciyawar tsawan wannan shuka, saboda haka yana da matukar amfani a lokacin bazara da bazara. Ana ciyar da furen a lokaci-lokaci sau ɗaya a wata tare da takin ruwa mai narkewa dauke da jan ƙarfe, baƙin ƙarfe, potassium, phosphorus, manganese, nitrogen, magnesium, da sauransu.
A cikin bazara, yana da kyau a ciyar da abinci tare da ƙari tare da abun ciki na babban nitrogen, a lokacin rani - phosphorus da potassium. Cikakken abubuwan da suka dace da masu kara sunada "Rainbow" ko "Ideal".
Juyawa
Matasa tsire-tsire suna buƙatar sake haɗa su kowace shekara a cikin manyan tukwane. Yawanci, wannan yana faruwa a tsakiyar bazara. Canje-canje har sai girman tukunya yakai 35 cm.
Adult flower motsi a cikin manyan kwantena kowane shekara 3-4. Idan acidity na ƙasa ya zama al'ada kuma babu kwari masu cutarwa, to za a iya barin hibiscus a cikin akwati ɗaya, yana maye gurbin saman da ke ciki (kusan 6 cm) tare da sabon. A cikin bazara, zaku iya yanke girman shuka ta 1/3 na tsawon don kafa daji. Kirkirar shekara-shekara yana kunna fure.
Kiwo
Wannan tsire-tsire yana yaduwa tare da taimakon tsaba, bends iska ko cuttings. An yanke yankan a cikin bazara daga fiɗa na ƙarami. Furen, wanda ke yaduwa ta hanyar yanke, cikakke cikakke a cikin wata daya ko a ruwa, ko a cikin tukwane da aka rufe da tulu. Lokacin da aka kafa tushen, ana dasa shuki a cikin akwati kimanin cm 10 a cikin girman .. Don sa fure ta zama mara nauyi, bayan wani lokaci, yanke kambi da rassan gefe kusa da tushe. Hakanan za'a iya graunce su. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana yin wannan a farkon lokacin bazara. Sau da yawa, tare da kulawa da ta dace, harbe matasa suna yin fure a farkon kakar.
An shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa tun ƙarshen lokacin hunturu. Dole ne a sanyaya ƙasa (24-28 gr.), Kuma yana da kyau a jiƙa tsaba kafin a shuka rana ɗaya. Lokacin da ganye na uku ya samo asali a seedling, za'a iya motsa furen a cikin tukwane. Harbe fara fure bayan 'yan shekaru.
Harshen Hibiscus
Yin dasa shuki a ƙasa kuma shima zai yuwu, amma a yankuna na kudu hibiscus na haɓaka ba tare da kulawa mai yawa ba, amma a yankuna na arewacin ana buƙatar kulawa dashi.
Rawaya Hibiscus ya dace da namo waje, tsire-tsire sun fara fure daga tsakiyar bazara zuwa ƙarshen faɗuwar rana. Wadannan tsirrai suna da launuka iri-iri, suna ba da kansu sosai wajen yin sikari.
Ta halitta jinsunan sanyi-alal misali (alal misali, hibiscus matasan) suna girma a cikin lambunanmu. Itace don kare Tushen daga sanyi kuma daga bushewa, ciyawa tare da ciyawa ko ciyawa mai bushe. A cikin hunturu, da shuka ne a rufe. Da zuwan bazara, tsofaffin rassan suna datse, kuma harbe da suka kafa suna zamewa don ƙirƙirar mafi kamannin kambi.
Nasihun lambu
Kulawar dakin Hibiscus yana da wasu abubuwa:
- Gardenerswararrun lambu suna ba da shawara ga ciyar da shuka ruwan sukari (0.5 tsp sukari da kofin ruwa).
- Kuna iya sake tsara lokacin fure na bishiyar, kuma hibiscus zai yi fure a ƙarshen kaka ko hunturu. Me yasa kuke buƙatar "canza" lokacin hutawa: har zuwa ƙarshen bazara, saita fure a cikin wuri mai duhu kuma ku shayar da shi sau ɗaya, sannan kuyi datsa kuma sake maimaita pruning a tsakiyar lokacin bazara.
- Zai fi kyau sayi shuka a cikin shaguna na musamman a cikin bazara. Upauki ɗan ƙaramin fure mai fure.
- A lokacin da kashe firiji, koyaushe zaka sami akalla cokali ɗaya na jini daga nama. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da jini don ciyar da hibiscus ta hanyar haɗa shi da ruwa don ban ruwa: fure yana ƙaunar abubuwan gina jiki da ke cikin jini.
Cin nasara
A cikin hunturu, fure yana buƙatar tsara haske mai kyau kowace rana don akalla awanni 8, zaku iya shigar da fitilun mai kyalli ta hanyar sanya su. a nesa na 0.5 m daga shuka. Idan akwai ƙananan hasken wuta, inji ko dai blooms talauci ko baya Bloom gaba daya. A cikin hunturu, ana yin sa'a ƙasa akai-akai, amma la'akari da yanayin fure (kusan sau ɗaya a wata ta rabin kashi na potassium da ƙari a cikin ƙwayar) ko lokacin da hibiscus yake cikin sanyi kuma kusan yanayin bushewa yake, ƙarar ta daina aiki. Baara koto bayan yin ruwa. Matsakaicin zafin jiki a cikin hunturu shine 15-17 gr.
Amfani
Amfani mai kyau na hibiscus:
tsire yana da kyawawan halayen anti-mai kumburi da halayen hemostatic, ana amfani dashi yayin lura da cututtukan hawaye;- furen yana da arziki a cikin abubuwa masu amfani: phytosterols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, pectins (rage adadin ƙwayar cuta, ƙarfafa tasoshin jini).
tsire yana da kyawawan halayen anti-mai kumburi da halayen hemostatic, ana amfani dashi yayin lura da cututtukan hawaye;Kyakyawan halayen karkade:
- yana da tasirin antispasmodic;
- normalizes matsin lamba;
- yin gwagwarmaya tare da wasu cututtukan cuta;
- yana kara karfin jiki, yana tsabtace jiki, yana kiyaye hanta, yana kunna samuwar bile;
- yana da tasirin magani;
- lafiya ga mutanen da ke fama da cutar koda;
- shayi daidai yana ƙishir da ƙishirwa;
- tsawancin ci yana taimakawa rashin haihuwa;
- taimaka tare da hangout;
- amfani azaman laxative mai laushi;
- Babban don rasa nauyi.
Duk da fa'idar da fure take da shi, akwai contraindications amfani da shi:
fure yana da tasirin choleretic mai ƙarfi, saboda haka ba a ba da shawara ga mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta don amfani da shi;- kuna buƙatar la'akari da haɗarin rashin lafiyan;
- yayin daukar ciki, ba a son yin zagi da hibiscus, tun da abubuwa masu aiki na fure ke motsa mahaifa, tsokani haila;
- yara a karkashin watanni 12 suna contraindicated a cikin hibiscus;
- tare da taka tsantsan wajibi ne don amfani da hibiscus don ulcers (yana da kyau a nemi shawarar likita).
fure yana da tasirin choleretic mai ƙarfi, saboda haka ba a ba da shawara ga mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta don amfani da shi;Kulawar shuka yadda ya kamata zai taimaka samar da kyakkyawan itace. Biyo dukkan nasihu, zaku iya shuka fure mai girma don ɗakuna mai girma ko zauren, ƙaramin tsiron fure zai zama kyakkyawan kyakkyawan hutu.
