Wakilan dangin Bromeliad yanzu sun kai kololuwar ficewar jama'a. Wadannan tsirrai suna da matukar ƙaunar da har ma nau'ikan su ma ba na yau da kullun ba suna ci gaba da mamaye shelves. Haske, na musamman, ba mai wahala sosai ba don kulawa, har ma da bromeliads masu ban mamaki sun zama baƙi akai-akai na gidajenmu. Amma har yanzu ya kasance cikin tsire-tsire na cikin gida, wanda za'a iya samu a cikin tarin kawai. Tambanelia wani wakili ne mai ban mamaki na dangi, ainihin kuduri, ba ga kowa ba. Shuka tambayar ba ta da wuya, amma matsayin wata almara mai tsoratarwa ta tsoratar da mutane da yawa daga wannan mu'ujiza da ta girma a dakin.
Quesnel wani irin masara ne mai kama da sihiri.
Tambanelia - wani mu'ujiza ne mai kama da bromeliad mai kama da hatsi
A yau, a cikin bromeliads, babu kusan tsire-tsire da za a iya kira da wuya. Wakilan kwayoyin Tambaya (Tambaya) - ainihin rahusa tare da mu, al'adar da za'a iya jin daɗin bayyanar ta kawai a cikin lambunan Botanical kuma a tsakanin magoya bayan gaske na wannan dangi. Amma hankali ga yawancin nau'ikan bromeliads masu ban sha'awa da ban sha'awa sun bar alama a kan tambayar: har yanzu akwai wuya kuma da wuya a samu, ya riga ya fara bayyana a cikin kundin littattafai da kuma nune-nunen.
Matsayi na musamman na Quesnel da alama an tabbatar dashi daga farkon: an shuka wannan tsire-tsire har ma da sunan jami'in diflomasiyyar Faransa, ƙaramin jakada, wanda ya kawo shukar zuwa Turai kuma ya zama abin karɓa ga tarin a cikin jama'a. Matsayi na ƙarancin tsire-tsire da keɓaɓɓu ne a cikin Quesnel bai canza sosai ba tun tsakiyar ƙarni na 19, lokacin da aka gabatar da shi a cikin al'adun gargajiya. Fitowar Ba’amurke ɗan asalin da aka sanya wa suna bayan Michel Quesnel bai yi kama da komai ba. Amma a cikin al'adun daki, tambayar, hakika, ya sha bamban da asalin sauran bromeliads kuma ya ɗan yi kama da watakila bilbergia kawai.
Tambaya a cikin yanayi ana samunsa ne kawai a Brazil. Hatta ƙasashe maƙwabta masu yanayin yanayi iri ɗaya ba sa cikin wannan kewayon wannan shuka ta ƙasa. Mafi mashahuri wakilci shine jihar Rio de Janeiro, a cikin daji na yankuna marasa iyaka jihar, inda wadannan epiphytes sami damar mamaye duk na babban arboreal da vines.
Duk da gaskiyar cewa a cikin jinsin kedus akwai nau'ikan tsire-tsire sama da 15, a matsayin tsintsiyar gida, tare da banbancin da ba a ke so ba, mutum daya ne kawai yake girma - masara ta Libon. Wannan shine mafi kyawun haske, mafi yawan kayan ado da kuma wakilcin wakilin halittar tare da ganyayyaki masu ban sha'awa. Yana da adalci a kira asknelia a cikin dakin girma wani shuka, a cikin abin da ganye ba zai samar inflorescence zuwa fure.
Tambanelia na Libon (Tambanelia liboniana) wani nau'in epiphytic ne na bromeliads, wanda, ta dabi'a shi kadai, ba fifiko bane na musamman. Tambanel tasowa a cikin nau'i na babban, kunkuntar-cylindrical, elongated mazurari daga fewan ganye. Amma saboda gaskiyar cewa tsire-tsire suna samar da mazauna a cikin tukwane, koyaushe suna samar da stolons tare da sabon rosettes, suna girma cikin girma da kuma manyan rukunoni masu yawa na "ginshiƙai", daga nesa da tsire-tsire mai sauƙin rikicewa tare da hatsi mai hatsi.
Creeping zuwa garesu, quesnelia yawanci sauri "matakai kan" gefen tukwane da kwantena. Farin ciki na asknelia yana da ikon yin girma har zuwa cm 70 a tsayi, sun kunshi 5-6 mai tsayi na ciki da rage ganyayyaki na waje. Lingual-dimbin yawa, tare da kaifi tip, serrated baki da kuma kananan mai lankwasa spikes tare da gefen, bar har zuwa 5 cm fadi da alama m.
Matsakaicin launin kore-mai taushi ne ta hanyar rairayin ma'aunin launin shuɗi a ƙasa. Saboda takamaiman elongation na mazurari da kuma irin matattaralar ta, sukan haifar da ƙungiyoyi tare da bamboos, amma idan kun taɓa al'adun, waɗannan ƙungiyoyi suna ɓace nan da nan.
Furen irin wannan nau'in masara bata cika tunatar da da manyan kunnuwan sauran bromeliads ba. Naked, na bakin ciki, madaidaiciya madaidaiciya penuncles tashi sama da kanti tare da tayal lanceolate ganye ana lashe tare da spikelets na inflorescences, amma tare da sabon abu tsarin - har zuwa 10 tare da sparse, tubular kunkuntar furanni mai danko fita a cikin kowane kwatance. Bikin santimita biyar da ya lankwashe ko furanni mai kafaɗa tare da furen ja da furen launuka masu launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, waɗanda kawai saman keɓaɓɓu, kama na asali, masu ƙarfin magana da farin ciki. Canjin daga launin ja mai haske zuwa ruwan leda mai duhu kamar ba a saba dashi ba, amma zaka iya godiya da duk wannan kyakkyawan fure na kusa.
Tare da kayan cin abinci na Libon, akan siyarwa da kuma kundin adireshin tambayoyin wasu nau'ikan asali na wasu nau'in suna wakiltar launuka masu launuka daban-daban - marmara mai tambaya (Tambaya Mariyarata) A waje, yana da kama da na kwatancen Libon, amma ana rarrabe shi ta hanyar ingantaccen ɗaukar hoto, da ɗan rama ga wasu tsire-tsire marasa rubutun.
Tambanelia Libon (Quesnelia liboniana).
Yanayi don shuka masara ta cikin gida
Rashin buƙata don lokacin hutawa mai sanyi, haƙuri ga haske daban-daban, kuma don yanayin zafi daban-daban yana ba mu damar rarrabe quennel kamar bromeliads mara ma'ana. Yayi daidai da yanayin halaye daban-daban, gami da ɗakunan zama na hali.
Haske da sanya wuri
Don wannan hasken bromeliad, da farko, yana ƙayyade launi na ganye: kasancewa da wuya, Quennel zai iya dacewa da kusan kowane nau'in walƙiya. A cikin shading, ganye suna duhu, a wurare masu haske - mai haske, sautunan da yawa masu haske. Brarfin haske, haske da bromeliads suna kallo, amma suma suna rasa tasirin adorsu cikin sauri. A cikin inuwa mai haske da inuwa mai haske, Quesnel bazai yi fure ba. Tambanelia baya jure zafin rana, dole ne a kiyaye tsirrai daga haskoki kai tsaye ko dai ta hanyar sanya allo na musamman ko ta hanyar barin window.
Don wannan bromeliad, windows na hanyar ba kudu da wurare da wurare a cikin ɗakuna masu haske sun fi dacewa. Ana iya amfani da tambanelia don shirya abubuwa tare da wasu bromeliads, gami da azaman asalin fida, don ƙirƙirar sakamako da girma a cikin tarin. Hakanan shuka tayi kyau a cikin rukuni na rukuni na greenhouses da Conservatories.
Zazzabi da iska
Duk wani dakin zama ya dace da Quesnelia. A lokacin girma girma, daga farkon bazara zuwa ƙarshen bazara, za su ji daɗi biyu a cikin ɗakuna inda sanyi ke mulki - tare da zazzabi na kusan digiri 18, kuma inda dabi'u ke tashi sama da digiri 23 na zafi.
A lokacin hunturu, don Quesnelia, kuna buƙatar zafi, amma tare da rage matsakaicin matsakaici ta digiri 2-4 idan aka kwatanta da yanayin bazara da faɗuwa cikin alamu na dare (waɗannan bambance-bambancen suna motsa fure). Matsakaicin zafin jiki shine daga digiri 16 zuwa 20 tare da digiri 15-16 da dare. Sanyi mai tsananin sanyi ba ya jurewa yana mai da hankali sosai ga canje-canje kwatsam a cikin zafin jiki, ba tare da la’akari da lokacin shekara ba. Droparancin zafin jiki wanda aka yarda da shi ya kai digiri 13.
Tambanel yana da matukar kazanta ga gurbata iska da tururuwar iska. Wannan tsire-tsire ba ya yarda da hayaki taba da yanayin dafa abinci ba, yana son yin girma a cikin sarari, yawancin ɗakunan da ke samun iska. Yana da kyau don kare quennel daga iska mai sanyi, amma ba tare da canje-canjen zafin jiki mai kaifi ba ma capricious kuma baya amsawa ga zayyana, yana iya ciyar da bazara a gonar ko a filin budewa.
Kulawar Gida
Tambanelia wata al'ada ce ta al'ada wacce ake daga nau'in bromeliad. Cikakkiyar shayarwa, kayan miya musamman yayin aikin ci gaba mai aiki, saka idanu yanayin - wannan shine abin da ake buƙata don haɓakar sa. Wannan bromeliad ya dace har ma da masu farawa.
Marmara askreyia (Tambanelia marmorata).
Watering da zafi
Quesnel baya son wuce haddi na ruwa kuma baya buƙatar ɗaukar danshi koyaushe. Wadannan tsire-tsire suna wadatar da daskararren ƙasa danshi. A cikin kaka da hunturu, ana iyakance matattarar ruwa, kusan ya bushe bushewa, a cikin bazara da lokacin rani, ka tabbata cewa ƙasa tana da danshi. Sakamakon yawan rolartes na stolontes, ba shi da matsala a shayar da quennel a cikin rosette, amma wannan hanyar ma ana karɓa ne, musamman don ba a cika yin fure ba. Watering a cikin kanti ana yin shi ne kawai a zazzabi sama da digiri 20 kuma kawai har zuwa lokacin fure.
Ana iya yin ruwa kawai tare da taushi da ɗumi (digiri na 2-3 sama da zafin rana). Yanayin zafin ruwa yana da mahimmanci lokacin shayarwa zuwa tashar fitarwa.
Ba kamar yawancin bromeliads ba, quesnelia mai ƙaunar iska ne mai matsakaici. Haɗin iska na yau da kullun tare da alamomi daga zafin jiki na 45 zuwa 55% ya dace da ita. Matsanancin iska yana buƙatar ƙarin matakan da suka dace, amma babu buƙatar ƙirƙirar danshi mai zafi don shuka. A lokacin bazara, ya fi kyau a haɗa da feshin yau da kullun a cikin shirin kulawa da wannan shuka. Zai taimaka matuka wajen shawo kan zafi, kuma tare da bushewar iska, kuma tare da sauyawa yanayin yanayin tsaro. Ba tare da fesa a lokacin rani ba, tsohuwar safa ba tare da bata lokaci ba suna da launi mai ɗorewa da kyakkyawan sifa.
Ciyar da takin zamani
Don asknelia, ana amfani da takin gargajiya na musamman don bromeliads ko rabin-allurai na takin zamani na tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Tsarin takin zamani bai dace da wannan al'ada ba, ya kamata ka zaɓi abubuwan hadewa tare da ƙarancin abun ciki na nitrogen.
Ana aiwatar da suturar sama da yawa na 1 lokaci a cikin makonni 2-3 a cikin bazara da bazara, a lokacin ciyayi mai aiki. Ana ciyar da Quater da ruwa kawai a cikin ruwa.
Dasawa da canza ruwa
Halin ko yaushe don inganta yara, fashewa daga cikin tanki da kuma girma girma harbe kai take kaiwa zuwa gaskiyar cewa cornea mafi yawa ana dasa shi sau da yawa. Yana kan ci gaba, farkon drooping na kantuna a gefen tanki ko bayan shi ana jagora su yayin juyawa. Wannan hanya ana iya aiwatar da ita a kowane lokaci a cikin bazara da bazara, yayin da shuka ke rayayye sosai.
Tambanelia baƙar fata ce mai ƙwaƙwalwa, amma saboda yanayin girmanta, kusan ba'a taɓa shuka su akan kangina ba, kodayake suna jin daɗin girma a kan snags da haushi, idan har suna haifar da kyakkyawan matashin baccin sphagnum a ƙarƙashin shuka. Tambanel sun fi son kwanduna na musamman don Epiphytes ko wasu kwantena tare da isasshen iska.
Kayan kayan halitta da samfuran kawai tare da ramuka na magudana da yawa ana zaɓa daga kwantena na al'ada. Ana saka magudanar ruwa a ƙasan kwantena, aƙalla kwatankwacin sulusin kwanton kwandon.
Tambanelia ya fi dacewa a cikin ƙananan murhu na musamman don bromeliads. Lokacin da kake haɗa ƙasa da kanka, kana buƙatar tabbatar da ingancin kayan kuma kula da numfashinta. Don shuka, cakuda ƙasa mai ganye, ciyawar doki, humus, yashi ko kayan kwalliyar inert a cikin rabo daidai da ƙari na sphagnum da gawayi ya dace.
Don cornea, tushe na rosettes da tushen abin da yake yawanci ana fallasa su, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da ƙarin mulching - wani yanki mai rufin sphagnum wanda ke rufe saman substrate.
Cututtuka, kwari da matsaloli girma
Daga cikin cututtukan cututtukan Caesnella, suna fama da wahala kawai daga rot, haɓaka sakamakon rashin kulawa da kyau. Amma ana samun kwari a kan shuka sau da yawa. Scabies, gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, mealybugs da aphids suna buƙatar maganin kashe kwari daga farkon.
Matsalolin girma gama gari:
- bayyanar kodadde da bushe aibobi akan ganye cikin hasken rana kai tsaye;
- bushewa da tukwici na ganye tare da bushe sosai a lokacin rani;
- kwalliyar launin ruwan kasa na ganyayyaki lokacin shayarwa da wuya, ruwan sanyi ko matsanancin tsaurin ruwa a cikin kwanon rufi;
- Mutuwa mai ruwan kwalliya, ba ta barin faduwa yayin da aka sauya gurbin abin da aka saka shi;
- rushewa bushes, sako-sako, sako-sako, maras kyau rosettes a cikin shading mai karfi.
Gudun ruwa na Libra na Libra.
Farfagandar masara
Tsabaren quennel ba safai ake samun siyarwa ba, kananan tsire-tsire suna buƙatar haɓaka na dogon lokaci kuma suna da matukar damuwa ga canji a cikin yanayin kulawa, sabili da haka, a gida, ba a shuka shuka daga tsaba.
Don samun sababbin tsirrai, ya isa ya raba gefen rosettes, wanda ke ɓarna matattara mai yawan gaske. An rarrabe su sosai daga mamayar uwar, ana sa musu ido, a dasa su a cikin cakuda ƙasa mai daidaituwa kuma a kiyaye su a cikin yanayin matsakaici masu tsagewa ko yanke su a cikin matsakaici na matsakaici har zuwa farkon haɓaka mai aiki. Shayar da ruwa a matakin tushen yana da haɗari sosai.
