Brugmansia itace mai kama da itace wacce take da kyawawan furanni masu ƙyalli da ƙamshi - murhun hoto. A shuka nasa ne daga gidan Nightshade kuma fi son yin girma a cikin wurare masu zafi da kuma subtropical canjin yanayin.
Shahararrun nau'ikan Brugmansia
M Brugmansia ko m (Brugmansiasuaveolens) - ana kiran wannan nau'in ƙanshi ko kamshi. Wurin haifan wannan nau'in ana ɗauka Brazil ne. Ya fi son girma a cikin canjin yanayin zafi. Lokacin ƙirƙirar yanayi mai mahimmanci a cikin ɗakin, zai iya yin fure a cikin shekara. A yanayi, tsayin daji ya kai mita biyar. Itatuwa na fure a fararen furanni masu launin shuɗi ko haske mai haske (kimanin santimita 15 a faɗi, kuma har zuwa santimita 30 a tsayi).
Zinare (Brugmansiaaurea) - ana kiran wannan nau'in zinare. Wannan suna da shuka da aka karɓa don launin ruwan shuɗi-orange na furanni. Wani fasali na wannan nau'in tsayi ne babba da ganye (har zuwa rabin mitir a tsayi).
Yana Yana (Brugmansiacandida) - wannan nau'in ana kiransa woody ko dusar ƙanƙara fari. Dangane da wannan iri-iri, ana amfani da hanyar samar da bishiyoyi da yawa. A karkashin yanayin yanayi, tsayin daji ya kai mita uku. Itace tayi fure da furanni masu dusar kankara-sanyi (kimanin santimita 25 a tsayi).
Jiki (Brugmansiasanguinea) - Ana kiran wannan nau'in jini. Wannan sunan yana da alaƙa da furanni masu haske mai launin shuɗi da ruwan lemo. Wasu lokuta akwai ciyayi na wannan nau'in tare da furanni masu launin rawaya. Dankin yana daga nau'ikan sanyi da ke jure sanyi kuma yana jan ƙanshi mai daɗi.
M Biyamaiya (Mallaka Brọdiyya) - wannan sunan da shuka samu ba a banza. Labari ne game da sabon abu fure. A farkon shekarunsa, dajin da yake fure tare da fararen furanni, kuma a tsawon shekaru furanni sukan samo warin peach ko orange. Tsawon wannan bishiya yana iya kaiwa mita huɗu, kuma manyan furanni a girma - kusan santimita 50 a tsayi.
Yadda ake shuka daji na Brugmansia
Zazzabi
Wannan tsire-tsire mai ƙauna mai zafi a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa zai yi girma sosai a yankuna tare da yanayin dumama. Idan kuna so, zaku iya shuka shi a wuraren sanyi, amma a cikin hunturu zaku canza wurin shuka zuwa dakin. Sabili da haka, ana shuka irin shuki nan da nan a cikin akwati na daban, saboda a sami damar motsawa.
Wuri da Haske
Dole ne a zabi wurin da za'a yi girma tare da kyakkyawan hasken, amma ba tare da zayyana ba. Dankin yakan amsa duk canje-canje a cikin dare da yanayin zafi a lokacin bazara. Tun da shuka yana da tsayi, kuma mai tushe suna da rauni sosai, kuna buƙatar kulawa da props a gaba, wanda zai tallafa wa rassan nauyi.
Kasar gona da ruwa
Soilasan da ke shafin yanar gizon ya zama mai, loamy da abinci mai gina jiki. Watering dole ne a yi yau da kullun kuma yalwatacce. Babbar shuki tare da manyan ganye mai kauri, mai tushe da furanni, tare da tsarin tushen iko mai ƙarfi yana buƙatar danshi mai yawa. Baya ga ban ruwa, kar a manta da spraying.
Da takin mai magani da takin zamani
Brugmansia yana buƙatar ciyarwa koyaushe. Ana amfani da takin mai magani na ma'adinan (tare da ƙari na ash na itace) aƙalla sau biyu a wata. A lokacin da ake aiki da furanni, dole ne a yi amfani da takin mai magani tare da potassium da phosphorus.
Dokokin Brugmansia
- Maris shine mafi kyawun lokaci don datsa shuki. Wajibi ne a sami lokaci don aiwatar da wannan hanyar kafin bayyanar sabon haɓaka.
- Da farko, kuna buƙatar kawar da shuka na busassun rassan da marasa lafiya. Rassan lafiya suna yanka kusan kashi talatin. Tare da taimakon trimmed lafiya rassan, za ka iya propagate da shuka. Abincin wuce gona da iri zai shafi yawan fure, don haka a duk abin da kuke buƙatar bi gwargwado.
- Ana yin datti domin ba kawai madaidaiciya rassan ba, har ma waɗanda suke da kamannin Y-waɗanda ke kan kan itacen. Bayyanar furanni zai dogara da wannan.
- A karo na farko, ana yin shukar ne kawai a shekara ta biyu bayan farawa na farko.
- Don yawan furanni mai yawa, wajibi ne don barin rassan a kwance a ƙarshen lokacin da suke yin datti. A kansu ne launuka da yawa suka bayyana.
Kiwo Brugmansia
Brugmansia shine tsire-tsire wanda zai iya yaduwa ta hanyoyi da yawa: iri, ƙwaya da yanke.
Hanyar yaduwa ta hanyar yanke
Don yanke da sauri, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da wannan hanyar a bazara. Yi shiri mai ƙarfi da tsauri tare da akalla reshe ɗaya. Yanke duk ganye - wannan zai adana ƙarfin ɓarnatar, wanda za'a buƙaci don haɓaka tushe. Dole ne a sanya shank din a cikin wani akwati na ruwa, tun da farko an tsoma shi a cikin maganin halitta (mai karfafawa) kuma a canza shi kullun. Bayan kimanin kwanaki goma, Tushen farko ya kamata ya bayyana. Bayan wannan, an canja sandar zuwa ƙasa peat.
Lokacin da rots shuka da Tushen girma a hankali, za a iya dasa ciyawar nan da nan a cikin ƙasa (alal misali, perlite), bayan yankan ɓataccen sashi. A kasar gona ya kamata ya kasance matsakaici m. An shirya kwandon shara tare da shuka a cikin inuwa m da cikin yanayin greenhouse. Yayin da tsarin tushen ke tsiro, ana ɗanɗana shuka ga ɗan hasken rana kai tsaye. Lokaci mai kyau don dasawa zai shigo kusan wata daya.
Hanyar yaduwa ta hanyar sakawa
Ta wannan hanyar haifuwa, shuka ba zai yi yawa ba, amma ba za a shafa fure ba. Aiwatar da shi a watan Mayu-Yuni.
A cikin ɓangaren ɓangaren daji kuna buƙatar zaɓar harbe mai ƙarfi da lafiya na bara game da santimita biyu a diamita. A kowane tuki, kuna buƙatar yin abin da aka yi wa Y (kwatankwacin kashi ashirin da biyar na kauri) kuma ku yayyafa shi da abin ƙarfafa don samuwar tushen. To, a haɗa daskararren daskararren gewaye ko'ina cikin dunƙule, ɗauka a cikin jakar filastik kuma ku ƙarfafa shi da ƙauri mai kauri ko maɗaurin roba. Tsawon wata daya, ta amfani da sirinji na likita, ya zama dole don sanya danshi da danshi.
Kwanaki talatin zuwa arba'in bayan haka, lokacin da tushen ya bayyana, dole ne a yanke tohon, duk ganye da furanni a cire a kai, dole a cire moss ɗin a hankali kuma ana iya dasa shi a cikin dindindin. Don mafi kyawun tushen, shuka zai buƙaci spraying kullun da kuma rashin hasken rana kai tsaye.
Hanyar yaduwar iri
Ta wannan hanyar yaduwa, shuka zai fara yin fure ne kawai a shekara ta biyu ko ta uku.
Kafin dasa, da tsaba suna soaked na kwana biyu a cikin wani girma stimulator. Dasa a cikin ƙasa m zuwa zurfin of game da santimita daya da aka fesa saman ƙasa. Don haka kuna buƙatar rufe ganga tare da tsaba tare da fim ɗin amintaccen kuma ku bar shi a cikin wurin da aka kunna sosai tsawon makonni uku.
Lokacin da seedlings suka bayyana, ya zama dole don aiwatar da yau da kullun da ruwa a zazzabi a daki (sau uku a rana). Lokaci yana canzawa ne daga bayyanar da ganye na biyar akan tsiro.
Bayan watanni biyu, zaku iya ciyar da tsirrai matasa tare da takin mai magani na nitrogen, da kuma bayan hudu - hadaddun.
Kula da Harkokin Harkokin hunturu na hunturu
Lokacin girma wannan shuka a yankuna masu sanyi, dole ne ka kula da yawan zafin jiki a koyaushe. Idan alamar zazzabi ta sauka zuwa digiri 5 Celsius, to a hanzarta buƙatar tura ɗan itacen zuwa wurin da yanayin yayi zafi.
A cikin hunturu, shuka ba ya yin fure da saukad da mafi yawan ganye. A zazzabi a dakin da ke kasa da digiri sha biyar Celsius, Brugmansia “hibernates” kuma baya buƙatar danshi da haske mai yawa. Watering ne rare, dole ne a ci gaba da spraying, kuma samun iska ya zama na yau da kullun.
A ƙarshen Fabrairu, buds zai fara juyawa a daji - wannan yana nuna cewa lokaci ya yi da za a ƙaura Brugmansia zuwa matsuguni mai walƙiya. Furen fure na gaba yana dogara ne da isasshen haske.
Cutar da kwari
Rashin hasken wutan lantarki da kuma keta dokokin ban ruwa zai haifar da gaskiyar cewa shuka za ta rasa buds da ba ta bude ba tukuna, launin ganyayyakin zai canza, kuma harbe zai fara budewa.
Ofayan manyan dalilan rashin forauren tsire-tsire na shekaru uku shine rashin amfani da takin. Tare da babban adadin takaddun nitrogen wanda ke dauke da takin, ganye mai ganye ne kawai zai haɓaka a cikin shuka.
Babban kwaro na Brugmansia shine gizo-gizo gizo-gizo. Ba zai bayyana akan tsire-tsire waɗanda kullun ba (sau uku a rana) kuma aka yayyafa su sosai. Dole ne a fesa kowace ganye a hankali domin danshi ya faɗi a ɓangarorin biyu na ganye.
Lokacin da aphids, caterpillars ko slugs suka bayyana, yana da gaggawa don amfani da shirye-shiryen kwari na musamman. Ana aiwatar da tsire-tsire sau biyu a mako har sai an lalata cikakkiyar kwari.
Yi hankali!
Brugmansia wani itace ne mai guba wanda aka haramta a kasashe da dama don dasa shuki a bainar jama'a. Kamshin sa mai daɗi zai iya haifar da ciwon kai wanda ba za a iya jurewa ba, kuma abubuwa masu guba a cikin shuka ma suna iya haifar da abubuwan da za su iya jawowa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman ga iyalai waɗanda ke da ƙananan yara.
