Petunia wata fure ce da zata iya yin ado da lambun, ko filin zama. Itace tana da fure mai tsayi da yawa. Wannan ya sa ya zama kyawawa ga yan lambu. Don samun Petunia, kuna buƙatar shuka tsiron sa. Akwai manyan hanyoyin guda biyu na girma: a cikin ƙasa buɗe da kuma a cikin allunan peat. Ta yaya kuma lokacin shuka shuka iri na shuka, muna son gaya muku.
Hanyoyi biyu masu tasowa
Bambanci tsakanin hanyoyin su shine shuka iri a cikin ƙasa ya fi sauƙi da sauri. Yawancin lokaci ana yin wannan hanyar a ƙarshen Mayu.
Idan yanayin yanayi yana da kyau, to a ƙarshen watan Yuni, farkon watan Yuli, zai yuwu a lura da fitar da furannin Petunia.
Bi da bi Hanyar girma na kwamfutar hannu mafi aikifiye da na baya, amma a wannan yanayin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta fi ta girma.
Girma a cikin allunan peat yana tabbatar da lafiya da seedlingsan seedlings masu ƙarfi, godiya ga abubuwan gina jiki da suke yin abun da suka inganta.
Irin wannan tsire-tsire ba sa bukatar nutse, tunda zaka iya sauka nan da nan a cikin dindindin. Bugu da kari, seedlings Bloom da sauri.
Akwai manyan hanyoyi guda biyu na shuka seedlings: a cikin ƙasa da kuma a cikin allunan peat.Yaushe zaka shuka?
Duk wani mai farawa mai girbi al'ajabi yayin da ya shuka iri don shuki. Lokacin shuka shine ya dogara da lokacin furanni da ake so na Petunia.
A tsakiyar layin fara shuka wata shuka a ƙarshen hunturu - farkon bazara. A wannan yanayin, a watan Mayu, petunia zai ba da inflorescences mai haske.
Kuna iya shuka a tsakiyar lokacin hunturu. A wannan yanayin, an sanya kayan dasa a cikin kwalaye wanda aka shirya da ƙasa tare da ƙasa a tsakiyar watan Janairu.
Don samun 'ya'yan itace masu inganci masu inganci, ya kamata ku shirya ƙasa a cikin faɗuwa kuma ku bar ta har zuwa hunturu a kan titi don daskarewa. A nan gaba, ana amfani da ƙasa mai laushi don shuka.
Siyan Petunia Tsaba
Sayi tsaba fure yakamata ya kasance daga masu kawo amintattu don kada su sami matsala tare da haɓarsu.
Da farko, kuna buƙatar yanke shawarar irin nau'in tsaba da zasu kasance - mai tsabta ko mai rufi (mai rufi).
Latterarshen suna da fa'idodi da yawa: harsashi na iya kare shuka daga cuta da lalacewa, ƙari, zai sauƙaƙe shuka. Tsabtattun tsaba suna da rahusa.
Duk abin da aka sayo tsaba, dole ne duka su kasance sabo. Yawan tsiro ya dogara da ranar karewa. Kada a lalata kayan tattara ƙwayar.
Yawan tsaba a cikin fakitin na iya zama daban, amma yayin da suke cikin kunshin, rahusawa farashin ya ga kowane zuriya 1.
Matsakaici farashi ya bambanta daga ɗaruruwan rubles zuwa ɗar da yawa, ya danganta da iri da adadin kayan shuka.
Tsarin Petunia na iya zama mai tsabta ko mai rufi (mai rufi)Preparationasa shiri
Wannan fure Yana son tsaka tsaki ko ƙasan acidic. Soilasa don shuka ya zama sako-sako, haske da abinci mai gina jiki a lokaci guda.
A cikin shagon fure zaka iya siyan cakudden da aka gama ko shirya shi da kanka a gida. Wannan zai buƙaci daidaita sassan ƙasar turf, peat da humus.
Wajibi ne don ƙara ɗan yashi a cakuda sakamakon kuma a kan wannan kayan abinci da aka yi amfani da yumbu, an shirya su dasa. Don haɓaka ingancin substrate, da shayar da wani bayani na potassium permanganate ko Previkur.
Yadda ake shuka iri daidai: mataki-mataki
Don samun kyakkyawan shuka, dole ne a bi ka'idodin shuka. Mun bayyana su mataki-mataki.
Abu na farko Ya kamata shirya jita-jita don makomar Petunia. Ana amfani da kasan kwandon da aka zaɓa tare da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar potassium sannan kuma a wanke shi da ruwa mai tsabta.
Sannan a cikin kwano yada karamin magudanar ruwa, duwatsun ko yumbu. Ana zubar da cakuda ƙasa a saman magudanar ruwa ta yadda ma'aunin santimita ya kasance zuwa gefen.
Da kyau, idan akwai dusar ƙanƙara a kan titi a wannan lokacin, zaku iya sa shi a cikin farin ciki a ƙasa, to, ƙwaya za ta yi kyau sosai. Sanya tsaba a kan dusar ƙanƙara ta rufe akwati tare da tsare ko gilashi. Bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, ƙwayoyin da kansu za su shiga ƙasa.
Idan babu dusar ƙanƙara, babu buƙatar dasa tsaba a cikin ƙasa, tunda Petunia ta fito da haske kawai. Yayin haɓaka, ana sanya seedlings a wuri mai kyau, inda ake lura da yanayin zazzabi tsakanin digiri 25.
Shuka petunia daga zuriya. Kashi na 1:
Shuka petunia daga zuriya. Kashi na 2:
Yadda ake shuka da girma seedlings a allunan
Ana shawarar tsaba mai rufi don dasa shi a cikin allunan peat na musamman. Don shuka Petunia Allunan daga 3.5 zuwa 4.5 santimita a diamita sun dace.
Kafin yin shuka, an sanya su cikin ruwa don kumbura. Bayan wannan, allunan suna cire ruwan wuce haddi kuma a sanya su cikin tire.
An yi ƙaramin rami a cikin kowane kwamfutar peat kuma an zuba iri a ciki tare da pipette. An rufe akwatinan da gilashi kuma a bar shi a cikin wuri mai haske da dumi.
'Ya'yan Petunia seedlings da aka girma ta wannan hanyar suna da tushen sa mai ƙarfi, suna da ƙarfi kuma suna girma da sauri. Kula da seedlings a cikin allunan yana buƙatar ƙarancin.
Da zaran allunan sun zama haske cikin launi, dole ne a shayar dasu. Dressingarin riguna na sama ba lallai ba ne, tunda duk abubuwan gina jiki sun riga sun shiga abun hadewa.
Girma a cikin allunan peat:
Zaba
Idan 'ya'yan itacen Petunia sun yi girma gabaɗaya, kuma ba a allunan ba, dole ne a diga shi kafin saukatunda shuka yana da tsarin tushe mai yawa.
Mafi kyawun zaɓi don nutsar seedlings zai zama tabarau na filastik na yau da kullun tare da ƙara 200-250 milliliters.
Ana aiwatar da hanyar nutsewa a lokacin da ganye na uku ya bayyana akan tsire-tsire. Dankin, tare da dunƙule na ƙasa, an cire shi daga jita-jita gama gari kuma a sanya shi a cikin akwati dabam, inda akwai riga rami mai magudanar ruwa.
Idan ya cancanta, ƙara ƙasa a cikin sabon tanki don wuraren da babu kowa a ciki. Bayan dasawa, kowane seedling an shayar da su da ruwa mai ɗumi. Kuma bayan mako guda, a cikin kowane gilashi tare da Petunias, kuna buƙatar ƙara saman miya.
Samun maganin petunia seedlings:
Ka'idojin kulawa na asali
A ganiya zazzabi don ƙwaya shi ne digiri 25. Musamman wannan yanayin ya shafi duk nau'in petunias na wucin gadi, kamar yadda suke neman buƙatu.
Plantan da ya girma ba ya girma kuma yana ci gaba sosai a yanayin zafi daga 16 zuwa 22.
Petunia yana son watsa hasken rana. Tare da rashin sa, mai tushe ya zama mai zama na gani, kuma inflorescences ƙanana da mara nauyi. Sabili da haka, yana da kyau a zaɓi wuraren buɗewa don buɗewa don rana zuwa ƙasa.
Wuce ƙima ga shuka yana da lahani. Wucin ruwa na iya haifar da cututtuka da lalata tushen tsarin. Zazzabi na ruwa don ban ruwa ya zama ma'aunin digiri biyu fiye da na waje. Hakanan zaka iya ƙara 'yan saukad da ruwan lemun tsami a ciki.
A lokacin rani, 1-2 na ruwa a mako daya sun isa. Idan bazara ta yi ruwa ba, to zaku iya mantuwa game da shayar gabaɗaya. A cikin yanayin rana, yakamata a shayar da furanni da maraice, kuma a cikin gajimare - da safe.
Duk da unpretentiousness, Petunia yana son taki. Lokaci biyu sun isa tsawon lokaci. A lokacin girma seedlings da kuma lokacin dasawa cikin ƙasa.
Kowane irin salo na musamman na musamman da ke cikin shagunan fure ya dace da takin zamani. Aiwatar da riguna masu kyau bisa ga umarnin.
Petunia yana son watsa hasken rana, takin zamani, yin ruwa sau 1-2 a makoAkwati don girma
Don dasa tsaba, yana da muhimmanci a zaɓi abinci mai kyau. Ya kamata ya kasance tare da rami na magudanar ruwa da tsawo na akalla santimita 15. Kayan kwandon na iya zama kowane.
Don dacewa, masu girki na fure mafi yawan lokuta suna amfani da kwantena na filastik, kuma nutsewa cikin gilashin filastik. A bayyane suke nuna yadda tushen ya girma da kuma ko suna buƙatar juyawa ta gaba.
Bugu da kari, kowane iya aiki kafin sauka disinfect da karfi bayani na potassium permanganate.
Ba'a ba da shawarar yin amfani da kwantena kwali don dasa, tunda seedlings suna son danshi, kuma wannan kayan zai yi laushi da sauri kuma ya lalata.
Hakanan a cikin kwali da akwatunan katako, ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke haifar da cututtukan Petunia suna ninka da sauri.
Cutar da kwari
Petunia galibi yana fuskantar cutar saboda rashin kulawa. Mafi sau da yawa, seedlings da tsire-tsire masu girma suna ɗaukar matsaloli masu zuwa:
Chlorosis
Cutar da ke bayyana akan asalin karancin ƙarfe. Dearfin yana faruwa ne ta hanyar wuce gona da iri na ƙasa, saboda yawan wuce haddi.
Rabu da cutar maganin da ke kunshe da baƙin ƙarfe, kamar ferovit, wanda aka yi cikin ƙasa zai taimaka.
Chlorosis yana faruwa ne sakamakon rashin ƙarfe a cikin ƙasa, yawan wuce haddiKafa baki
Wani naman gwari ne ya taso saboda wuce haddi waterlogging na tushen tsarin. Bayyanar cututtuka suna bayyana ne a cikin samuwar wurare masu duhu akan kara, sannan kuma suna taushi ciyawar da kuma lalacewar, wanda ke haifar da faduwar Petunia.
Ba shi yiwuwa a kare cututtukan tsire-tsire. Suna buƙatar cire su daga shafin don kada su cutar da ƙwayoyin lafiya masu lafiya.
Don rigakafin, za a iya bi da ƙasa kusa da furanni tare da potganate potassium ko formalin.
Spider mite
Kwaro wanda ke lalata ganye da mai tushe. Kwaro ya bayyana a cikin fari. Sau da yawa, yana ɗaukar cututtukan hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri.
Don hana ciwo, ya kamata kai tsaye rabu da kwari da kwari.
Duk wanda ya yanke shawarar shuka da shuka Petunia a rukuninsu, zai sami karimci mai kyau tare da launuka masu haske na ƙyalli da ƙanshin haske mai ƙanshi na waɗannan kyawawan furanni da ba a bayyana ba.
