Ana kiran Chubushnik jasmine na lambu saboda ƙanshi na furanni. Sunan Latin na wannan shuka (Philadelphus) ya fito ne daga kalmomin “ƙauna” da “brotheran’uwa”, tunda reshe na kishiyar daji suna da kusanci sosai da alama suna daure da juna. Haushi a kan matasa harbe na gona izgili-up ne na bakin ciki, sauƙi exfoliating, wanda facilitates pruning na bushes.
Bayanin izgili a lokacin fure: tsayi daji, hoton ganye da furanni
Shuka tsire-tsire ko lambun Jasmin (Philadelphus) mallakar Hortense ne, mahaifarta ita ce Turai, Gabas da kudu maso gabas Asiya, Arewacin Amurka. Yana faruwa a babban yanki daga Caucasus zuwa yankuna na kudancin Turai.
A Rasha, ana kiran wannan ciyawa ba daidai ba ne saboda Jasimi don ƙanshi mai daɗin furanni a wasu nau'in izgili. Real jasmines sune hawa dutsen mara girma da tsirrai masu ban sha'awa daga dangin Olive. Tasirin ƙanshi na fure yana haɗar da jasmines da chubushniki, kodayake a tsakanin jinsunan sama da 50 na chubushnik akwai wakilai waɗanda ba su da ƙanshin ƙanshi ko rashin fure na fure (manyan-fure, Schrenka, Gordon).
Jasmine Garden ne mai ban mamaki ornamental shrub, wanda saboda wasu dalilai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan da wuya a samo shi a kan shinge na lambun (amma ban da waɗanda suka fi ƙarni rubu'in). Amma ana iya amfani da shi azaman shinge wanda ya raba dabarun makwabta biyu, kuma kamar ado ne don kowane kusurwa na lambun.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an mai da hankali sosai ga wannan al'ada, kuma a sakamakon haka, muna da nau'o'i ba kawai tare da fararen fata ba, har ma tare da furanni masu tsami, waɗanda ke da ƙanshin gaske, wanda a watan Yuni-Yuli ya jawo hankalin duk wanda ya wuce wannan shuka.
Wannan itace mai yaduwar itace mai haɓaka mai tushe mai tsayayyen iri. A tsawo daga cikin izgili-up ne daga 0.8 zuwa 3.5 - 4 m, da bushes suna da kambi mai siffar zobe.
Ganyen mockworm suna gaban, ovate-lanceolate ko m-nuna. Otsan buɗe ido ba komai, anyi amfani da su don yin chubuk (bututu), saboda haka sunan shi. A cikin bazara, ganyen rawaya na bishiyar ya fara jujjuya kore, kuma da kaka lokacin da ciyawar ta rasa su.
Furannin mockworm fararen fata ne ko cream a launi, tare da diamita na har zuwa 5 cm, ana tattara su a cikin tseren tsefe ko paniculate inflorescences, mai ƙarfi - ko mai rauni-numfashi, sau da yawa ninki biyu. Yana fure a lokacin rani, daga ƙarshen Yuni zuwa Yuli; wasu nau'ikan da nau'ikan sun yi girma har zuwa makonni 7.
Kamar yadda za'a iya gani a cikin hoto, 'ya'yan itacen' yar tsana-tsalle-tsalle kwalin suna da kananan tsaba:
Sun yaba da izgili game da kyan gani da ƙanshin fure mai ƙanshi.
Dankin tsire-tsire na jejin ya fi son buɗe wuraren rana kuma, duk da cewa sun yi haƙuri da inuwa, sun daina yin fure da ƙaƙƙarfan shading. Bukatar sosai a kan danshi da takin ƙasa, sabili da haka, kan aiwatar da yakamata a ciyar da takin gargajiya da ma'adinai a kai a kai. Kada a yi haƙuri da kusancin matsewar ruwan karkashin ruwa. Sun amsa da kyau ga pruning kuma ana sauƙaƙe ta hanyar zuriyar zuriya, ƙwaya, kore da lignified cuttings, rarraba daji da ƙwaya wanda ba za'a iya shuka shi ba a cikin kaka, dusar ƙanƙara da bazara.
Chubushnik yana da isasshen zafin hunturu, duk da haka, nau'ikan daban-daban da nau'ikan suna iya nuna halayen daban a cikin yanayin damina na Tsakiyar Rasha. Yanzu duk wani abu mai dasa bishiyoyin na iya shiga kasuwarmu. Sabili da haka, yana da haɗari a sami nau'in halitta da nau'ikan asalin ƙasashen waje a jere ba tare da wariya ba: wasun su suna jure hunturu har zuwa -25 ° C, yayin da wasu ke tsayayya da -15 ° C kawai. A cikin lokutan tsananin zafin rai, harda nau'in hunturu-iri da iri na iya daskarewa zuwa matakin murfin dusar ƙanƙara, amma godiya ga kasancewar tsarin tushen ƙaƙƙarfan iko, daskararren daji mai girma yana girma da sauri bayan an yanke harbe mai lalacewa. Zai fi wahalar dawo da ƙarancin hunturu da nau'in halitta wanda tsarin tushen zai iya daskarewa.
Tsawancin lokacin fure na izgili sama ya dogara da nau'ikan sa. Wani lokacin ma yakanyi fure har tsawon watanni biyu. Furanni akan Chubushnik sunada girma: akan nau'ikan zamani zasu iya kaiwa 6 cm a diamita. Of musamman darajar shine lokacin furanni na lalata izgili - Yuni-Yuli, lokacin da yawancin amfanin gona na gona sun riga sun lalace.
Amma kafin fure da bayanta, ba ta haifar da wani kyau a kan shafin ba, saboda daji mummuna ne, shafted, madaidaici, tare da rassa masu tsinkaye ba bisa ka'ida ba. Saboda haka, kar a sanya shi a goshi.
Yana canja wurin dasawa a kowane lokaci duk lokacin bazara, kawai tushen tsarin bai kamata ya bushe ba. Dankin yana buƙatar kulawa: kowace shekara kana buƙatar datse ɗaukar hoto, rassan lignified, fashe da daskararre. Da zaran kun daina binsa, da sauri zai dauki hanyar rashin lafiyan mara gida.
Hanyoyin haifuwa
Akwai manyan hanyoyi guda 3 na kiwo ba'awa (jasmine lambu). Na farko shine ta rarraba daji, amma a wannan yanayin kana buƙatar samun daji da kansa. Kuma idan ba shi ba? Kuna iya ƙoƙarin sayan sa ko tambayar maƙwabta. Matsalar ta ta'allaka ne da cewa ba duk 'ya'yan marshmallow ana sayar da su ko'ina ba, har ma da maƙwabta ma ba za su iya ba.
Zai fi sauƙi don amfani da layering, amma sake, don wannan kuna buƙatar samun daji.
Hanya mafi sauki ita ce yaduwa ta hanyar kore kore. Neman koren jaakalin bazara yafi sauki da irin shuka da kanta.
Kuna iya yada marmoset da jasmine tsaba waɗanda aka shuka a cikin makaranta don girma nan da nan bayan tattara tsaba (saya kafin shuka stratify a cikin yashi a cikin firiji don watanni 3-4). Za su yi girma a cikin shekara guda, amma ba za su yi fure ba da daɗewa, cikin kimanin shekaru 4-5. Ba za a iya yada nau'ikan Terry kamar wannan ba (tsire-tsire marasa tsire-tsire yawanci suna girma daga gare su), ana iya yada shi ta hanyar itace, da kyau, da kuma rarraba daji, wannan shine mafi abin dogara.
Jasmin da yanke marshmallow a farkon bazara. Raba daji a watan Agusta.
Don haka, idan kun yanke shawarar dasa wannan shuki a cikin yankin ku, to ku sani cewa sun sare shi a lokacin rani, a watan Yuli, amma ana iya dasa seedling a duka bazara da damina.
Saukowa da kulawa da wani mutum mai izgili (tare da bidiyo)
Bayan tono ramuka a gaba tare da diamita na 50 cm kuma daidai zurfin, ƙara 1 guga na takin a cikin su, saka seedling kuma, tun rufe shi da saman Layer na tono ƙasa, sake sake ruwa shi.
Bayan dasa, ana ciyar da shukoki sau 3 lokacin da ake kula da lambun Jasmin. Karo na farko shine a farkon lokacin bazara, lokacin da ganyen farko suka fara toho. Karo na biyu - kafin fure. A karo na uku - a cikin fall, wanda ya sa shuka ya yi kyau sosai.
Don ciyarwa, yin maganin lita 10 na ruwa, 1 tablespoon na superphosphate da 1 tablespoon na potassium sulfate. Ga kowace shuka ciyar da lita 15 na bayani.
Yawancin lambu suna amfani da takin girma na AVA a cikin adadin 10-15 g a 1 m2 lokacin dasa kuma don ciyar. Lokacin amfani da wannan takin, shuka yana tasowa da sauri, mafi kyawun copes da cututtuka da kwari, da kuma jure yanayin tsananin sanyi.
An bada shawarar dasa shuki a cikin bushes daban-daban ko rukuni a kan lawns, a cikin kayan haɗin tare da wasu tsire-tsire na fure, don ƙirƙirar ganuwar shinge da kan iyakoki.
Lokacin dasawa da kula da chubushnik, ya kamata mutum ya tuna cewa bayan shekaru 3-4 an fallasa shinge na jasmine daga ƙasa kuma yana rasa tasirin ado. Don cimma nasarar sababbin harbe, ana sake farfadowa ta hanyar rage tsintsiyar tsirrai a tsayin 10-20 cm daga ƙasa. Shrubs na sauran nau'ikan sake buɗewa ba sa yin haƙuri.
Ya fi dacewa a dasa shuki da bushes daya bayan daya, saboda bayan an gama fure ba su kiran idanu. Kuna iya haɓaka izgili tare da wasu tsintsaye a matsayin shinge mai shinge biyu a kan iyakokin shafin da ciki don ware bangarori daban daban (nishaɗi, filin wasa, masan cin abinci).
Iri da izgili sama da nau'in hoto na jasmine
An san kusan nau'ikan 50 na orange masu izgili. An samo shi a tsakiyar Rasha h. kambi (Ph. coronarius), h. talakawa (Ph. tsemosa), h. Schrenka (Ph. schrenkii), h. Caucasian (Ph. caucasicus), h. bakin ciki (Ph. kauna) Daga cikin marigayi fure mummy yana da ban sha'awa musamman h (Ph. latifolius).
A ƙasa zaku iya samun hoto da kwatankwacin izgili da nau'ikan iri da iri.
Yanzu akwai wasu siffofin lambu na wannan shuka, kyau sosai. Akwai nau'ikan launuka ba kawai tare da fararen fata ba, har ma tare da furanni masu launin rawaya ko ruwan hoda, akwai nau'ikan terry. Mafi yawancin lokuta, farin jasmines suna girma a cikin shirye-shiryen makircin. Furen fure-kaman su kamar suna da kyawawan sifofi.
Mafi yawancin nau'in hunturu-Hardy shine kambi ba'a, wanda wani lokacin ake kira talakawa. Yana da siffofi da yawa waɗanda suka bambanta da irin kambi, terry na furanni da launinsu daga fararen fata, cream zuwa rawaya mai launin shuɗi. Dukkansu sun yi girma cikin al'ada har zuwa Urals da Siberiya kuma suna fure tare da furanni masu launin shuɗi tare da ƙanshin ƙarfi.
Anan hotunan nau'ikan nau'in jasmine na lambun da ya fi fice a tsakanin masu lambu:
Daga dabbar ta hanyar murƙushe wani ɗan kodadde, mai kama da ta hanyar lalacewa, har zuwa ƙaramar fari mai zurfi daga asalin Arewacin Amurka, Lemoix ba'a tare da manyan, har zuwa 3 cm a diamita, fararen furanni suna fitar da ƙanshin ƙarfi. Kodayake, yawancin yawancin izgili da ake kira Lemoine a cikin tsananin sanyi na daskarewa dusar ƙanƙara a cikin St. Petersburg da Moscow, kodayake an dawo dasu da sauri.
A kan shirye-shiryen lambun, ana iya shirya izgili sosai yadda ya kamata da kyau. -Arfafa mai tasowa, fure mai ban sha'awa suna da kyau sosai a cikin manyan lambuna, alal misali, a kan bangon tubalin gida ko dasa a kan ciyawa. M izgili Lemoine yayi kyau a hade tare da perennials na fure.
Irin nau'in tsiron lambu masu girma Gnome, Yunnat, Dwarf, Charm - sun yi daidai a cikin lambuna na dutse, har ma a kusa da tafki, a kan sasannin ɓangaren rafi da cikin lambuna masu daidaituwa.
Manyan ƙananan shinge (iyakoki) sun samo asali daga iri "Farin Buza", "Hasken rana", "Komsomolet", "Komarov na ilimi". Wadannan shinge a kusan basa buƙatar aski. Ana samun kyawawan fure mai shinge wanda ba a canza shi ba daga tsire-tsire iri iri na kayan izgili: coronet, Schrenk, Caucasian, manyan-flowered.
Mutane da yawa lambu fi son izgili strawberries tare da strawberry wari: kananan-leaved, sa "Jirgin saman sauka". Wadanda suke kirkirar lambunan ƙanshi suna ba da kulawa ta musamman ga masu daskarewa, kamar su Lemoan izgili. Kuma ga waɗanda ke da rashin lafiyan ƙanshi na furanni, ana bada shawara don amfani da izgili mara ƙanshi ko mara ƙarfi mai ƙarfi: manyan-izgili izgili, Ilimin Komarov da nau'in Arctic.
Yadda za a datsa Jasmin
Runauka shine ingantacciyar dabara don tsara ƙarfin haɓakar izgili. Ka'idojin gaba daya don tsai da lokacin girbi iri daya suke da na sauran tsirrai na daji.
Saboda m girma, da bushes da sauri thicken, kuma bayan shekaru da yawa shi wajibi ne don gudanar da shekara-shekara thinning.
Ana dage farawar furen fure na mockworm akan haɓakar shekarar bara, don haka cire haɓakar inflorescences da yankan lalacewa da tsofaffin rassan yakamata a yi su bayan fure.
A lokaci guda, ana yin huda daskarar da harbe kuma mai saurin tsufa cikin sauri.
Abin da ake kira tsabtace tsabtace tsabta za a iya aiwatar da shi a duk lokacin girma. Ana shawarar tsohuwar harbe a kowane shekaru 2 zuwa 3.
Crohn ya sake sabuwa ta wannan hanyar yana inganta fure na yau da kullun a cikin shekaru masu zuwa.
Ana yin gyaran kwabe ne kawai akan tsire-tsire matasa akan shekaru 2 zuwa 3 na farko bayan dasa shuki a cikin dindindin.
Kuma yadda za a datsa jasmine na lambu don fitar da bakin ciki daga daji? A wannan yanayin, cire duk harbe mai rauni zuwa tushe na ƙasa, barin kawai harbe mafi ƙarfi da ƙarfi 2-4, wanda zai ci gaba da sabunta daji.
A watan Maris, an gajarta bushes a takaice, yana barin wani bangare na matasa masu karfi da za su yi fure a cikin shekarar.
