Irin haka eonium (Aeonium) yana da alaƙar kai tsaye ga dangin Crassulaceae. Ya haɗu da kusan nau'ikan perennials 40, waɗanda tsire-tsire, tsire-tsire, da tsire-tsire suke wakilta. Yawancin su a cikin yanayi ana iya samun su a cikin yankuna mara izini kuma galibi akan tsibirin Canary, Madeira, Gabashin Afirka da Maroko.
Dukkanin jinsunan wannan halittar suna da wata kamanci. Saboda haka, succulent ganye succulent ganye tattara a cikin Rosette girma tare da fairly m spirals a sosai tukwici na danda mai tushe. Akwai nau'ikan halittar da babu rata guda ɗaya tsakanin ganyayyaki, ana sanya faranti na ganye a saman junan su, kuma a cikin wurin suna da kama da sikeli na mazugi na Pine. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, siffar ganyen yana da sifar-sifar kuma wasu nau'in halittu suna da ƙarfi a ƙarshen bakin. Tare da shekaru, ganye ya fadi, kuma a kan kututturan a cikin wannan yanayin, zaku iya ganin alamun ƙarancin launi na rhomboid.
Fulawa tayi kimanin sati 4. A wannan lokacin, wasu matakai masu kauri a jiki suna bayyana, wadanda suke da fadi, inflorescences mai kauri. Flowersanan furanni, diamita wanda ya kai kawai santimita 1, za'a iya fentin ruwan hoda, rawaya ko fari. Corolla daban yana da ƙananan kanti mai sikelin 9.
Yawancin rayuwar jinsuna daban sun bambanta. Duk da gaskiyar cewa sunan Eonium ya fito ne daga tsohuwar Girkanci "aionois" - "madawwami, mai dawwama", nau'in tare da harbe-harben da ba a saka ba, waɗanda ke da 1 rosette kawai, suna mutuwa nan da nan bayan sun ƙare fure. Misali, dogon eonium, yayi girma a cikin daji, shekara ce ta shekara biyu.
Kulawar Eonium a gida
Haske
Yana son haske sosai. Dole ne a samar da irin wannan shuka tare da haske mai haske a duk shekara, koda a lokacin tsananin da ake gani a cikin hunturu. A wannan batun, a cikin lokacin sanyi, ana ba da shawarar a haɗe shi da phytolamps na musamman, amma kar a manta cewa tsawon sa'o'in hasken rana a duk shekara ya kasance daga 10 zuwa 12 hours.
A lokacin bazara, ana bada shawarar canza irin wannan shuka zuwa iska mai tsabta (zuwa baranda, zuwa gonar). Kuna iya zaɓar wuri mai faɗi, kamar yadda haskoki kai tsaye na rana ba sa cutar da wannan fure.
Idan za a sami haske kadan, faranti ganye za su zage, kuma waɗanda suke da launi mai motley za su canza launin kore. Hakanan, ramin ganye yana zama ƙasa da ƙasa, kuma mai tushe yana miƙawa.
Yanayin Zazzabi
Eonium yana buƙatar zazzabi mai sanyi. Don haka, a lokacin rani, zai ji mafi kyawun zazzabi na 16 zuwa 23. Idan dakin yana da zafi, to, inji zai buƙaci ɗanɗowar iskar sabo (zai fi kyau don canja wurin shi zuwa titi).
A cikin hunturu, irin wannan fure yana da lokacin lalacewa, a lokacin da yake buƙatar sanyi. Daga tsakiyar kaka zuwa farkon lokacin bazara, dole ne a kula da dakin a zazzabi na 8 zuwa 12. Idan hunturu yana da ɗumi, to, fure na iya rasa duk ganye kuma a rasa tasirin ado.
Yadda ake ruwa
A lokacin girma m, watering ya kamata matsakaici. Ruwa da shuka kawai bayan ƙasa a cikin tukunyar ta bushe zuwa 1/3 na tsayi. A cikin hunturu, watering ya kamata sosai wanda bai isa ba. Gaskiya cewa fure yana buƙatar shayarwa ana iya ba da shawarar ta hanyar ganye, don haka sun fara rasa turgor.
Haushi
An daidaita shi don wanzuwar yanayin yanayin rashin ƙarfi na gidaje na birni. Koyaya, don dalilan tsabtace jiki, an ba shi shawara ya tsara wanka mai kyau. Ya kamata a tuna cewa a wannan yanayin, wajibi ne don rufe substrate a cikin tukunya tare da cellophane domin kare shi daga ruwa.
Cakuda ƙasa
Yana buƙata ba ma ƙasa mai gina jiki na acidity tsaka tsaki. Don shirya cakuda ƙasa mai dacewa, ya zama dole a haɗa sheet, yumɓu da ƙasa turf, da yashi, wanda yakamata a ɗauka daidai gwargwado. Don dasa shuki, Hakanan zaka iya amfani da ƙasa da aka saya don nufin cacti da succulents.
Don guje wa samuwar rot a kan Tushen, zuba karamin adadin gawayi da aka yanka a cikin waɗanda keɓaɓɓen. Hakanan, kar a manta yin kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa a kasan tanki. Don waɗannan dalilai, ana bada shawara don amfani da daskararren yumɓu ko yumɓu na yumɓu.
Taki
Ya kamata a shafa takin ƙasa don sau ɗaya a kowane mako 4 kuma a lokacin ci gaban mai ƙarfi ne. Don yin wannan, ana bada shawara don amfani da takin gargajiya na musamman don succulents ko cacti, yayin da sashin da aka nuna akan kunshin ya kamata a bi.
Siffofin Juyawa
Yayin da shuka yake ƙarami, yana buƙatar sake haɗa shi sau ɗaya a shekara a cikin bazara, yayin da sabon ƙarfin ya kamata ya fi girma a diamita fiye da na baya. Ya kamata a dasa samfuran manya kawai idan ya cancanta, alal misali, lokacin da tsarin tushen ya daina dacewa da tukunyar.
Ya kamata a lura cewa wannan tsire-tsire yana girma da sauri, sabili da haka ana bada shawara don maye gurbin shi akai-akai tare da saurayi (ya sake girma).
Hanyoyin kiwo
Hanyar haifuwa ya dogara da nau'in halittu. Don haka, ana iya yada shi ta zuriya ko ƙwaya. Misali, tsayin daka mai dogon zango, wanda yake a shekara-shekara, za'a iya yada shi ta hanyar tsaba kawai. A lokaci guda, babban ɓangaren kara tare da rosette na ganye don tushen za'a iya yanke shi daga bushes. Ana ba da shawarar irin wannan daskararrun tushe a cikin yashi ko ruwa. Mafi sau da yawa, Tushen yana bayyana bayan mako biyu.
Cutar da kwari
Pretty resistant zuwa kwari. Idan tsire yana da kwari masu cutarwa, ya kamata a fallasa shi ga mai ɗumi. A yayin da kamuwa da cuta ke da rauni (da wuya sosai), to, magani tare da magani na musamman, alal misali, ana buƙatar Actellic.
Aeonium ba shi da lafiya, a matsayin mai mulki, saboda keta dokokin kulawa. Don haka, yana iya bayyana rot a jikin Tushen sakamakon turɓaɓɓiyar ruwa a cikin ƙasa, ko kuma ya faɗi duk ƙarshen - saboda lokacin sanyi.
Babban nau'ikan
Adadin yawan eonium yayi kyau sosai tare da masu girbin fure.
Eonium arboreum (Aeonium arboreum)
Mafi mashahuri nau'in. Wannan ciyawar ba ta da girma sosai, saboda haka tana iya kaiwa tsayin santimita ɗari. A saman tafin kafa, dan abin da aka suturta da shi akwai kwandon shara mai launin shuɗi. Tushen rosette mai sanyi, sako-sako da ya kai diamita na 20 santimita. Takaddun shege mai siffa suna da ƙananan yadudduka gefen wanne gajere "cilia" suke. Tsawon ganye ya bambanta daga 5 zuwa 10 santimita. A cikin nau'in tsiron, ɗan itacen yana da launi mai zurfi na launi, amma akwai wasu launuka tare da launi mai launin shuɗi-kore na faranti na ganye ko tare da iyakokin shunayya (alal misali, iri-iri "Atropurpureum"). Tsawon Peduncle na kimanin santimita 30. Launin furanni launin rawaya ne.
Eonium gida (Aeonium na cikin gida)
Leaf rosettes suna da kama da nau'in halittun da suka gabata, amma irin wannan tsiro mai rikitarwa ne, saboda haka tsayinsa ya bambanta daga 15 zuwa 30 santimita. A farfajiyar babban akwati mai launin toka itace haushi na launin ruwan kasa mai duhu. Siffar ganyen yana da sifa-shunin, kuma ana fentin su a cikin duhu kore. Koyaya, sun fi kaɗan girma fiye da nau'in da suka gabata, amma ya fi guntu (tsawon santimita 2). A gefuna na ganyayyaki suna dan kadan a ƙasa. Furen zai iya kaiwa tsawon santimita 10 zuwa 20. Rawaya furanni.
Eonium ado (Aeonium decorum)
Wannan ingantaccen tsire-tsire kuma ya shahara tare da lambu. Wannan karamin shuka ya kai girman santimita 20. An yi masa kyau sosai kuma yana da kwasfa na ganye. Takaddun ganye na launin jan karfe-jan launi. Koyaya, sun samo wannan launi akan lokaci. Don haka, ganyen matasa suna da launi mai zurfi na launi, sannan fara fara yin kazanta daga gefuna. Siffar ganyayyaki suna da fadi-lanceolate kuma suna dan kadan ana ɗaure su tare da tsakiyar jijiya. A tsawon, sun kai santimita 2.5.
Eonium budurwai (Aeonium budurwai)
Wannan perennial ne kusan stemless. Ya samar da adadi mai yawa na kwasfa na ganye. Godiya garesu, fure yana girma zuwa dangi mai adalci. Fenti mai haske wajan fenti mai launin fenti mai launi mai haske, yayin da a gindi yana da ruwan hoda. A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, farfajiyar tayi girma zuwa 100 santimita. Furanni ana fentin rawaya.
Eonium dinki ko kuma faranti (Aeonium tabuliforme)
Wannan nau'in halitta mai ban sha'awa ne, amma har ya zuwa yanzu ba a sami shahararrun masu noman fure. Wannan biennial ba shi da matsala kuma yana da 1 madaidaiciya mai faɗi kuma ya faɗi (diamita daga 40 zuwa 50 santimita) ganye na ganye. Ya ta'allaka ne a farfajiya a ƙasa kuma yana kama da scake pancake. Misali, a cikin magagin balagaggu, akwai kimanin nau'i 200 na ganye-flakes. A gefuna na kodadde kore ganye suna da yawa cilia. Fulawa yana faruwa a shekara ta 2 na rayuwa. A wannan lokacin, yayi girma a santimita 50 santimita, wanda ke ɗaukar inflorescence paniculate, wanda ya ƙunshi furanni rawaya. A ƙarshen fure, ya mutu.
Eonium Lindley (Aeonium lindleyi)
A cikin wannan nau'in, ana tattara ƙananan ƙananan fleshy a cikin kwanduna ba manya ba. Kuma suna nan a saman ƙwannun rassan bakin ciki. Cikakke kore matasa ganye ne hemispherical a siffar. Sa’ad da suke girma, suna zama mai laushi kuma suna canza launi zuwa launin rawaya. Theasan zai iya kaiwa tsawon santimita 15-30. Rawaya furanni.
Wadancan nau'in da suke girma a cikin gida, basa kan iyaka a cikin kulawa kuma ba masu daukar hankali bane. Amma a lokaci guda, da wuya su yi fure a gida.
