Cikin schizanthus na ciki

Daga cikin tsire-tsire na cikin gida babu adadi na gaske dayawa. Yawancin albarkatun gona da aka jefa bayan fure mai tsada da tsayi, a gaskiya, zaka iya ajiyewa don shekara mai zuwa kuma ka sa ya yi fure fiye da sau ɗaya. Schizanthus da gaske shekara-shekara ne. Amma "matalauci orchid" yana da irin waɗannan kyawawan furanni, kuma suna yin fure a cikin wannan adadin cewa buƙatar canza shuka kowace shekara zuwa sabon ba ya lalata jin daɗin sake haɓaka shi. Schisanthus wata al'ada ce ta musamman wacce take fara samun karɓuwa a tsakaninmu kuma wacce akafi sani da ita ce matsayin shuka.

Schizanthus Viseton (Schizanthus wisetonensis). Ork naman alade

Kyawawan talakawa orchid

Schizanthus shine sananne a tsakanin masu noman furanni a duk faɗin duniya a ƙarƙashin sunan "mara kyau orchid". Ba kawai ba kamar orchids na ainihi ba, wannan tsire-tsire ba a farko ba shine ɗakin-greenhouse, amma lambu. Schizanthus (wani lokacin ana kiransu da suna schizanthus) ya koma cikin al'adun ɗakin daga gidajen lambunan, tare da samun damar cimma ingantaccen fure da tsayi, mai zaman kanta daga yanayin farji. Schizanthus da orchids ba su da asalinsu da ke da alaƙa: schizanthus na cikin daren ne kuma suna da ƙari sosai da physalis da tumatir. Don haka kyawawan furanni na schizanthus kada su zama masu yaudara. A duk faɗin duniya, tutocin kwalliyar kwalliya sun bazu daga Chile, kodayake ana samun su cikin yanayi da kuma a Kudancin Afirka. Sun shahara musamman a yau a cikin Burtaniya, inda salon don schizanthus ya tabbatar musu da taken babban mashahurin tsakanin lambu da lokacin bazara. Sunan shuka kai tsaye tana nuna siffar fure - daga Girkanci "schizo" ("tsagewa") da "anthos" ("fure").

Iri da nau'ikan schizanthus

Kamar fure-fure, kawai ana amfani da nau'ikan waɗannan ranakun masu ban mamaki. Schizanthus suna da zabi da yawa a cikin al'adun lambun, amma kawai nau'ikan kusan 20-30 cm tsayi, m, mai yawa, kayan ado mai ban mamaki, sun dace da tsaka tsaki. Wadannan tsire-tsire ba za a iya kira su da ƙyalli ba: yawan furanni, wanda a ke buɗe kayan marmari na fure mai kyau kawai, yana sa kowane schizanthus mai girma da ƙarfi.

Yawancin schizanthus da aka sayar a matsayin gidan yara suna wakiltar ɗayan jinsunan wannan shekara-shekara - Schizanthus Viseton (Schizanthus hikimani), ko kuma hakane, nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan wannan nau'in (Viseton schizanthus ita kanta ma wata shuka ce da aka samu ta hanyar tsallakewa, wanda ya sa nau'in cikin gida ainihin hatsi ne na matasan). A zahiri, asalin schizanthus na cikin gida koyaushe ba'a san shi ba kuma ana zaban su kawai don halayen kayan ado. Yawan nau'ikan suna girma koyaushe, kuma sababbin iri da bambancin launi suna bayyana kowace shekara a cikin manyan lambobi. Schizanthus ya fi so ba kawai daga masu zanen Turai ba, har ma da masu shayarwa wadanda ke yin gwaji koyaushe tare da haɓaka ƙoshin fure. Classes da nau'ikan haɗuwa na schizanthus, kamar:

• Schisanthus "m" - almara mai haske carmine iri-iri tare da launin rawaya a tsakiyar furen da ƙaramin "rago";
• Schizanthus "Zwerg Bukett" - dwarf, har zuwa 20 cm manyan launuka masu launuka iri-iri hade da launuka masu launuka iri-iri, ruwan hoda, ja, sautunan launin rawaya tare da ƙara tabo;
• Schizanthus "Star Parade" - abubuwa da yawa masu ban mamaki tare da kyawawan launuka masu banbancewa da karaya;
• Schizanthus "Hit Parade" - cakuda iri tare da launuka masu haske na furanni masu fure;
• Schizanthus "Roter Herold" - wani nau'in filawa-mai yawa tare da launin ja-ja, furannin aristocratic;
• Schizanthus "Dwarf Bouquet" tare da kyawawan launuka masu launuka masu launuka masu ɗimbin yawa da gandun daji m.

Amma yana da kyau a zabi schizanthus ba da sunan iri-iri ba, amma ta launi da girma, yana mai da hankali kan halayen kyawawan dabi'un zalla.

Schizanthus Viseton (Schizanthus wisetonensis). © floradania

Schizanthus masu tsire-tsire masu ɗimbin yawa ne kuma ƙaƙƙarfan tsire-tsire waɗanda suke ƙauna don kulawa da masu hanawa a cikin cibiyoyin furanni. A gida, tsirrai da aka saya, musamman waɗanda suke a mataki na yawan furanni, na iya shimfiɗa ta da sauri da girma, amma wannan tsari ne na al'ada. Tare da kafawar da ta dace, matsakaicin tsawo na schizanthus na dwarf Vizeton ba zai wuce cm 30 ba. A cikin schizanthus, ganyen yana yawanci idan aka kwatanta shi da ferns, kodayake yana da nisa sosai daga tsananin huɗun wannan shekarar. Branaƙƙarfan laushi, shinge ko harbe na madaidaiciya ana yin ado da kyawawan abubuwa, idan ba filigree ba, tare da ɓangaren zurfi da cikakkun bayanai "mai kaifi", ganye-rabuwa. Dukansu greenery da harbe an rufe su da yanki mai kyau, wanda zai basu kwarin gwiwa da fitowar kyan gani, daidai da jaddada sautin haske na launi. Schizanthus yana da furanni marasa daidaituwa, waɗanda a cikin tsarin ba su yi kama da orchids, tare da tsintsaye marassa nauyi zuwa 2 cm a diamita, corolla mai leɓu biyu da kuma "buɗe" fasali. Mai kama da orchids, schisanthus yana da mabambantan rashi da aibobi waɗanda suke sa launi kusan launi kamar na Tropicans na almara. Furannin furannin wannan littafin ba su taɓa yin fure ɗaya bayan ɗaya ba, ana tattara su koyaushe cikin ɓoyayyen panicles na inflorescences a kan firam na harbe, wanda ya ba da alama kamar greenery ba bayyane ba a ƙarƙashin furanni. Bayan fure, kananan kwalaye bivalve dauke da toho-dimbin yawa, kadan tsaba da cewa ba su rasa su germination shekaru da yawa suna daura.

Tsarin launi na schizanthus na cikin gida ba zai ba wa takwarorin lambu kayan lambu ba. Ya haɗa da fari, rawaya, ruwan hoda, jan, shuɗi, shuɗi, launuka mai launin shuɗi tare da duk abubuwan da za'a iya haɗawa da su na musayar launuka da launuka masu launuka, waɗanda suke ba wa ɗan itacen kama da orchids.

Kula da Schizanthus

Daya daga cikin manyan fa'idodin da dakin schizanthus yake samu saboda “tsarinta” shine ikon lura da fure mai tsayi, wanda yake gudana a zahiri daga Afrilu zuwa Nuwamba. Kuma a lokaci guda, rabon fure yana da yawa sau da yawa fiye da na tsire-tsire girma a cikin ƙasa bude. Amma darajar "talakawa orchids" ba'a iyakance kawai ga fure mai tsayi ba. Schizanthus tsakanin al'adun launuka masu yawa kuma ana ɗaukarsa ɗayan mai rashin fassara. Abu ne mai sauki muyi girma, baya buƙatar irin wannan tsananin kulawa da yanayi da kulawa ta gari: har yanzu ana jefa shuka, kuma babu buƙatar "wasa" tare da kulawa da shi. A zahiri, duk abin da kuke buƙatar kulawa shi ne yanayin sanyi da ingantaccen haske. Schisanthus na iya girma don masu farawa kamar yadda, ko da yake a wannan yanayin yana da kyau a fara san shi da shi daga zuriya da aka yi. Amma gogaggen masu girka fure za su yi farin cikin gano ainihin takamaiman yanayi don yin girma schizanthus kai tsaye daga tsaba a kansu.

Haske na Schizanthus

Don yin nasarar haɓaka "talakawa orchid", ya zama dole a samar da shi da kyakkyawan fitila. Kada a sa ran launuka masu yawa a cikin shading. Wannan tsire-tsire na musamman ba ya son ko da penumbra mai haske, baya jin tsoron hasken rana kai tsaye (amma yana da kyau don kare shuka daga tsakar rana a ƙwanƙolin fure a kudancin taga). Yana jin daɗi ko dai a cikin hasken rana ko a cikin wuri mai haske tare da hasken walƙiya. Ko da a waje, dole ne a sanya schizanthus a cikin wurin da yake da wuta.

Zabi wani abu don schizanthus a cikin ciki, tuna cewa wannan bazara yana da abokantaka kuma kawai yana son nune-nunen cikin rukuni da kuma tarin tarin duka. Zai yi kyau sosai ba a cikin kadaici mai ban sha'awa ba (duk da cewa zai bayyana kyawunsa na musamman), amma ban da sauran schizanthus, letniks na cikin gida, da tsirrai na gargajiya: pelargonium, balsam, da sauransu.

Schizanthus Viseton (Schizanthus wisetonensis).

Zazzabi mai nutsuwa

Abu mafi wahala a cikin girma schizanthus shine madaidaicin zabi da zazzabi. Duk da asalinta da Kudancin Amurka da matsayin ta na shekara-shekara, "talakawa orchid" baya cikin kyawawan abubuwan soyayyar zafi. Wannan inji yayi kyau sosai (kuma yana da fure sosai), da yawa yana yiwuwa a samar dashi da abun cikin sanyi. Mafi kyawun zafin jiki na iska don schizanthus ya kusan digiri 15, amma alamu kaɗan na sama zasu zama da daɗi - kimanin zafi 18. Schizanthus ya fi kyau a sanya shi a cikin ɗakuna masu sanyi, amma idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, yana yiwuwa a ɗan rama zafin jiki tare da ƙaruwa da zafi. Bayan fure, ana zubar da schizanthus kawai, saboda haka dole ne ku kula da yawan zafin jiki na hunturu na abubuwan kawai a yanayi daya - lokacin da kuka shuka tsiranku. Lingsalingsan da ke cikin hunturu suna ɗaukar kusan a cikin sanyi, a yanayin zafi daga 5 zuwa 10 digiri Celsius.

Wannan inji adores na bude iska, ba ya tsoron zayyana da kuma son m iska. Yana fitar da aikin kwandishan. Ba tare da togiya ba, duk schizanthus na cikin gida ana iya fitar dasu zuwa cikin sararin samaniya har ma ana amfani dashi azaman amfanin gona na lambun. Suna jin girma a baranda da baranda, a kan taga cike da taga kullun.

Watering da zafi

Kamar kowane tsire-tsire masu yalwar ciyawa, schizanthus yana son danshi ƙasa mai daɗin tabbata. Cikakke bushewa na substrate na iya haifar da dakatarwar fure, amma schisanthus baya son waterlogging. Daidaitaccen tsarin kula da ban ruwa ya zama cikakke a gare su - ana aiwatar da tsari na gaba lokacin da saman Layer na substrate ya bushe, ta haka ne yake kiyaye yanayin ɗimbinsa. Babu wasu ka'idojin shayarwa na musamman na wannan shuka, ya isa kada a zuba ruwa a kan mai tushe da ganyayyaki - kuma babu matsaloli. Idan schizanthus ya ci gaba da yin fure a tsakiyar kaka, har ma fiye da haka a cikin hunturu, to, daidai da yanayin canzawa, ya zama dole don rage mita da ƙarfin yin ruwa kuma a hankali suna kula da matakin bushewa na maɓallin tsakanin hanyoyin. Ana shayar da tsire-tsire na hunturu a hankali kuma a hankali.

Schisanthus yana da kyau ga tukwane da ruwa mai atomatik da kuma “magudana” daban-daban na shayar da atomatik, wanda a zahiri zai iya rage kulawa da kawar da furanni masu fadada.

Schizanthus basu da damuwa ga zafi, amma yin yafa sosai yana iya haifar da bayyanar da yaduwar ganye. Amma idan shuka ba ta iya samar da yanayin sanyi a cikin zangon da aka ba da shawarar ba, to fesawa zai taimaka wa schizanthus ya iya jure zafin da ya wuce kima. Spraying ne da za'ayi kawai daga finely raba SPRAY gun, tabbatar da cewa ganye ba su jika. Kuna iya shigar da kowane ɗayan iska na gida (alal misali, tire tare da ɗakunan leya).

Schizanthus Viseton (Schizanthus wisetonensis). © Katrin

Abincin Schizanthus

A shuka tasowa na rayayye da blooms sosai yalwatacce. Kuma idan kuna son sha'awar "talakawa orchid" fiye da watanni shida, ba lallai ne ku manta da kullun game da sinadaran abinci masu ɗorewa ba daga ƙasa. Manyan riguna a lokacin dukkan lokacin furanni (ko kuma akasin haka, farawa daga mataki na budding har zuwa ƙarshen fure) ana aiwatar da su sosai, tare da tsawan lokaci 1 a cikin kwanaki 7-10. An sanya riguna na farko, a matakin farawa, ana yin mafi kyau a lokuta na 1 a cikin makonni biyu, kawai bayan buɗe farkon fure, canza zuwa daidaitaccen mita.

Don schizanthus ya fi kyau a yi amfani da takin gargajiya na musamman ba ga tsire-tsire masu furanni ba, amma takin ma'adinai mai hadaddun.

Kirkin Schizanthus

Don wannan tayin, yana da matukar muhimmanci a cire fure mai lalacewa a cikin lokacin da ya dace don farkon farawar iri ba ya kawo cikas ga samuwar sabon furen ba. Idan fure na schizanthus ƙare, ƙwallon ƙafa ko saboda kuskure a cikin kulawa ya ɗan gajarta, pruning a kan shuka zuwa na uku na tsawo, ƙarfafa sabon motsi na fure. M bangare - pruning kawai mutum wadanda ba fure harbe - zai taimaka ci gaba da akai fure kudi, maye gurbin stimulaing pruning a kan dukan shuka lokaci guda.

Schizanthus a cikin al'adun daki ba ya rasa ikon tsayawa daidai a yanka kuma a cikin bouquets.

Dasawa da canza ruwa

Schisanthus na buƙatar isasshen keɓaɓɓen gurbin magana. Mafi kyawun pH na wannan al'ada daga 6.0 zuwa 6.5. Cakuda matsakaici na tsaka tsaki don schizanthus ba zai yi aiki ba, amma sauran kayan kwalliya na duniya za su kasance masu daɗi sosai. Babban aikin shine samar da shuka tare da mafi yawan ciyawa, ƙasa mai narkewa tare da abun ciki mai girma da kuma kawar da haɗarin haɗarin. Idan kun sanya ƙasa cakuda kanku, to, ku haɗu a daidai sassan ganye da ƙasa na itace, ƙara ɗan yashi kuma ku kula da mai daɗaɗa - perlite, agroperlite, yumɓu da aka faɗaɗa, da dai sauransu A cibiyoyin fure, yawancin gansakuna sau da yawa ne a cikin ƙasa, wanda ke ba da damar cimma daidaitaccen yanayin danshi. Schizanthus ba zai ƙi ƙara takin mai magani ba a cikin ƙasa, wanda zai sauƙaƙe kulawa kamar yadda zai yiwu kuma zai watsar da kayan adon gargajiya.

Za a buƙaci fitar da schizanthus kawai tare da tsire-tsire masu girma da kansu. A wannan yanayin, yayin da shuka ke tsiro, ya zama dole don canja wurin shi zuwa manyan tukwane a cikin tsararren lokaci (don daji mai ciyawa, yana da kyau a yi wannan ba ɗaya ba lokaci guda, amma tsire-tsire 2-3 a cikin akwati ɗaya), saboda cikar cika taskar turɓaya zai dakatar da haɓaka. Don schizanthus, ana amfani da manyan kwantena kwalliya, tare da diamita na 20 zuwa 30 cm. Lokacin da dasawa da tsire-tsire, an kiyaye dunkin dunƙule gaba ɗaya, yana ƙoƙarin gujewa ko da maɗaukakin lamba tare da asalin sa. A kasan kwantena kuma dole ne ya sanya babban matattara na magudanar ruwa.

Kada ku yi saurin turawa don sayan schizanthus: har yanzu kuna zubar da shuka, kuma babu buƙatar canja wurin jigilar jigilar. Idan kuna son maye gurbin kwandon tare da ƙarin kayan ado, to, kawai amfani dashi azaman waje, ƙarin “harsashi”.

Schizanthus Viseton (Schizanthus wisetonensis). Sauruwa-medienhaus

Cutar da kwari

Schizanthus suna da matukar damuwa da ganyayyakin rigar, wanda ke haifar da fitowar da saurin yaduwar rot. Wata cuta mai launin toka wacce ke da haɗari ga wannan letnik na cikin gida shine launin toka, wanda shima ya haɓaka tare da waterlogging, amma wannan lokacin - a madadin. Mutane da yawa lambu fi son hadarin rasa kyawawan fure samfurori daga cututtukan fungal zuwa spraying na rigakafi, wanda aka za'ayi a mataki na girma seedlings amfani da wani tsari na fungicide.

Daga cikin kwari mai kwari, whiteflies sune suka fi ban tsoro ga schizanthus, wanda dole ne a magance shi da wuri-wuri kuma tare da amfani da kwari.

Matsalolin girma na yau da kullun:

• shimfiɗa harbe a cikin hasken mara kyau;
• durƙusad da Bloom a shading;
• sikelin na yau da kullun, thinning na harbe, ganye iri iri da rashin fure tare da isasshen abinci mai gina jiki.

Girma schizanthus daga tsaba

Wannan shekara-shekara ko da a cikin dakin al'adu ke yaduwa ta musamman da tsaba. Ba a shuka su ba a lokuta na yau da kullun, amma ya danganta da lokacin da kake son ganin furannin farko a kan shuka. Domin schizanthus ya yi fure a watan Afrilu, wajibi ne don shuka iri a watan Agusta da Satumba, amma don fure da ke farawa kawai a lokacin rani, dole ne a shuka tsaba kamar lokacin bazara ta yau da kullun - a watan Fabrairu ko farkon rabin Maris.

A lokacin shuka-rani-kaka, ana shuka tsire-tsire kamar seedlings na yau da kullun - a cikin kwantena mara nauyi, an rufe shi da ƙasa kaɗan.Suna girma a ƙarƙashin fim, a cikin haske da zafi (kimanin digiri 18 kuma ba mafi girma ba), kuma bayan bayyanar takaddun na biyu, ana fitar da harbe har zuwa ƙananan kwantena mutum ko manyan kwantena tare da nisa tsakanin bushes daga 10 zuwa 15 cm. Abu mafi wahala shine kiyaye tsirrai har sai lokacin bazara. , bayan duk, don nasarar hunturu mai nasara, schizanthus yana buƙatar matsakaicin kwantar da hankali - game da zafi 5 digiri (ba ƙasa da 3 ba sama da digiri 10 ba), kazalika da mafi kyawun haske. Tare da shigowar bazara da karuwa a cikin sa'o'in hasken rana (kimanin lokacin shine lokacin da aka shuka mafi yawan lokacin bazara don shuka, a cikin Maris), ana sake sake schizanthus cikin kwantena cike da tsire-tsire na cikin gida tare da diamita na 20 zuwa 30 cm, yana sanya tsire-tsire 1-3 a cikin tukunya ɗaya kuma fara girma su kamar talakawa houseplant.

Lokacin da aka shuka shi a watan Fabrairu-Maris, schizanthus kuma suna girma kamar lokacin bazara, suna jiran fitarwa na biyu na ainihin ganye (dokokin shuka iri ɗaya). Amma ana shuka tsiro ba cikin kwantena na mutum ba, amma cikin tukwane na dindindin na samfurori 3, nan da nan suka fara ɗaukar harbe kuma, idan ya cancanta, su aiwatar da wata garter. Amfanoni da shuki suna ɗauke da zazzabi na 15 zuwa 18, suna da daɗi ga manya.

Lokacin girma seedlings na wannan shuka, kula da cewa kuna buƙatar ƙoƙari don adana ba kawai mafi ƙarfi seedlings, amma kuma mafi talakawa-neman su. Schizanthus yana da sifa mai ban mamaki: yawanci samfuran samfuran zamani mafi kyawu - suna girma furanni tare da alamu masu haske da aibobi, fitattun launuka masu launuka fiye da akan mafi ƙarfi seedlings.