Gloxinia tare da manyan karrarawa da ganyayyaki na fure shine ɗayan furannin gida da ake so duka masu farawa da kuma masana lambu. Umarni game da yaduwar gloxinia a gida, hotunan kulawa da shuka a wannan matakin mai mahimmanci zai gaya muku yadda ake sake tattara tarin tare da fure mai haske.
Gloxinia, kamar nau'ikan da ke da kusancinsu, na iya haifan tsire-tsire:
- amfani da takardar ko sashi daga ciki;
- guntun itace da aka yanke daga wani tsiro.
- ta hanyar dasa shinge, wanda akan shuka ɗiyar tsire-tsire;
- da raba kwayoyin.
Ba duk hanyoyin da suke daidai ba a cikin sauki da tasiri, amma idan ya zo ga wani salo iri-iri ko ceton fure mai so, kuna buƙatar sanin yadda gloxinia ke yaduwa, da kuma amfani da duk damar.
Girma na ganye na Gloxinia
Hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi yawan gama gari, da wuya ta haifar da gazawa, shine amfani da ganye mai lafiya mai girma a matsayin kayan shuka.
Lokacin yin rooting a gindin farantin ganye har ma akan manyan jijiyoyi, gloxinia na iya samar da daughteran karamar rosettes tare da nasu nodules.
Don tushen takardar don yaduwar gloxinia, zaku iya:
- a cikin ruwa, har sai an samar da tushen da ya isa don karɓar abinci mai gina jiki a cikin ƙasa, bayan wannan an canja seedling zuwa teburin substrate ko peat;
- nan da nan dasa ganye a ganye a cikin peat kwamfutar hannu ko cakuda haske.
Yaya za a yadu da gloxinia ta amfani da ganye mai ganye?
Da farko dai, kuna buƙatar karawa a kan tsabta, kuma zai fi dacewa sabon sabulu ko fatar kan mutum. Daga tsirrai mai lafiya, ana yanke ganyen ta yadda a gindin farantin ganye akwai dindindin mai tsawon 2-2.5 cm.
Ba lallai ba ne a dauki tsoho, faduwa ko, akasin haka, kawai buɗe ƙananan ganye don yaduwa. Idan gloxinia karami ne, ganyen '' farko '' ya kasance a cikin matakin karamar - ba su dace da karɓar yara matasa ba.
Idan ganye na gloxinia yana da girma, zaku iya yanke shi zuwa gutsuttsura tare da jijiyoyi daban daban, ta yadda idan kun yawaita gloxinia, kamar yadda yake a cikin hoto, kuma kuna kula da shuka, zaku sami ƙarin ɗakunan mata.
Ana saukar da ganyayyaki a hankali cikin gilashin giram ɗin da aka cika su da ruwa mai ɗumi a zazzabi.
Kar a zurfafa zurfin ciyawar cikin ruwa. Wannan na iya tsokani cigaban rot. Ya isa cewa ruwa bai wuce kusan santimita ba na tsawon kara ko guntun ganye.
Daga sama, gilashin da ke cikin kayan yaduwar gloxinia an rufe shi da jaka ba tare da matsi ko cutar da takardar ba. An sanya ƙaramin kore a cikin wani wuri mai dumi, mai cike da wuta inda babu haɗarin hasken rana kai tsaye. A wannan fom, takardar za ta kasance daga mako biyu zuwa uku har sai an samar da kiran kirar ko kuma cikakken tsarin tushen a gefen abin riƙewa. A cikin kwanakin nan, kula da gloxinia a gida, kamar yadda yake a cikin hoto, yayin yaduwa, haɓakar kore da aka tsabtace shi a hankali yana sanyaya a hankali sau da yawa.
Bayan samuwar tushen santimita, ana iya dasa ganyen a ƙasa. Ya danganta da damar da kuma zaɓin mai sihiri, wannan na iya zama:
- shirye don haɗuwa don tsirrai na cikin gida dangane da peat;
- cakuda sphagnum da ƙasa ƙare;
- perlite ko vermiculite;
- yashi peat substrate;
- ƙasa sphagnum.
Kafin ganye da aka yi amfani da shi don yaduwar gloxinia ya shiga cikin ƙasa, dole ne a yi ramuffan magudanar a ƙasan akwati kuma ya kamata a shirya rufin da ke cikin cm cm 1 of polystyrene ko kuma wasu abubuwan da ba su cika magana ba. Top tare da substrate, wanda aka jika sosai.
Lokacin dasawa, yana da mahimmanci kada kuyi wrinkle kuma kada ku lalata takardar, in ba haka ba kyallen takamaimai a wannan wuri za suyi sauri, suna haifar da mutuwar farantin takardar duka.
An binne petiole ta 5-10 mm wanda ya sa tushen da keɓaɓɓu ya rufe ƙasa. Deptharancin zurfin ciki yana taimakawa ƙananan kwasfa zuwa cikin sauri zuwa sama. Kuma idan ya cancanta, za a iya yayyafa abin da kewayen makullin bugu da ƙari.
Fatar da aka dasa a ƙasa, kuma tare da kwalin da yake ciki, an rufe ta da jaka. Kulawa da gloxinia lokacinda ya yawaita a gida, kamar yadda yake a hoto, yana gangarowa iska mai laushi lokacin da substrate ya bushe.
Nan gaba, mai girbi zai zama mai haƙuri, tunda ɗan soa firsta na farko tare da ƙaramin nodule a gindin na iya bayyana ne kawai bayan wata guda ko kuma daga baya. Wasu lokuta kawai ana iya lura da tubers. Wannan yana nuna cewa 'ya'yan sun shiga cikin ɓoyewa, kuma bayan ɗan lokaci ɗan lokaci tabbas sanyin zai bayyana.
Bayan nazarin bidiyon game da ƙirƙirar ganye na gloxinia, zaku iya gano duk hanyoyin da ke tattare da aiwatarwa kuma ku sami masaniya da dukkan matakansa. Wannan zai taimaka don kawar da kurakurai a aikace kuma a samu nasarar shuka tsirarrun matasa na fure da kuka fi so.
Yaduwa da aikin gandun daji na gloxinia
Idan akwai shuka a cikin tarin mai furanni da zaku so ku yada, amma babu ganye da yawa akan daji, zaku iya amfani da wata hanyar. A wannan yanayin, ana ɗaukar sanduna na fure, wanda furanni kawai ke bushe da kwanan nan, kuma ana yaduwar gloxinia a matsayin ganye.
Don samun ƙananan tsire-tsire, ya isa ya bar ganyayyaki na 5 cm cm 6. An yanke ƙarin da ke tare da ruwa, kuma santimita na santimita yana nutse cikin ruwa. Ragowar dabarun gaba daya sun haɗu tare da haɓakar gloxinia ta amfani da ganye.
Hanyar tana da amfani yayin yaduwar gloxinia na nau'ikan rare da kuma hybrids, tunda a wannan yanayin akwai ƙarancin haɗarin bayyana maye gurbi mai canza yanayin bayyanar shuka da furanni.
Dasa kara suna rike gloxinia
Kuna iya tushen kuma samun ɗan ƙaramin shuka daga ɓangaren apical na tushe. Irin wannan kayan abu ya kamata ya sami ganye da yawa da kuma santimita mai santimita 3 don nutsarwa a cikin substrate.
Zai fi kyau a yanka ɗanyen daga wani karamin daji mai ƙoshin lafiya, wanda kafin hakan ya kasance a cikin wurin da yake da hasken da karɓar adadin abinci mai gina jiki da danshi.
Tunda an dasa katako mai girman apical a cikin ƙasa, tukunya mai nauyin 9 cm ya dace da yaduwar gloxinia ta wannan hanyar. Ana amfani da magudanar ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfin aƙalla 2 cm a ƙasan tanki, kuma an kunna fitilar maraƙi, wacce ta wuce iska da ruwa sosai, an zuba saman.
Notoƙarin kada matsi kuma ba lalacewa ba, ƙananan suna da zurfin 2 cm a cikin ƙasa, a baya suna shayar da ruwa a zazzabi a zazzabi a ɗakin. A sauƙaƙe a gindi daga tushe yana iya sauƙaƙe don ba da ɗanɗano matsayin madaidaiciyar matsayi.
Kamar yadda yake tare da yaduwar gloxinia ta ganye, an rufe tukunyar tare da riƙe tare da fakiti a saman da hagu a cikin hasken da aka watsa, mai dumi, har sai inji ya sami tushe. Kamar yadda ya cancanta, an dasa shuki a cikin iska, ana kuma sanyaya ƙasa a hankali tare da kwalban feshi, ƙoƙarin kada ku sami fararen ganye. Bayan wata daya, shuka yana ba da tushen, kuma ana iya canja shi zuwa yanayin da aka saba.
Yaya za a raba tuber?
Abu ne mai wahala kuma mai haɗari don amfani da tubers don yaduwar gloxinia, tunda bayyanar rot akan su ko bushewarsu babu makawa yana haifar da sakamako mai wahala. Haɗarin yana haɗuwa da gaskiyar cewa yanke yankan sun fi tsayi fiye da kore sassa na shuka, acclimatize da murmurewa. Kuma kawai bayan haka ci gaban sababbin kantuna ya fara kan su.
Yaya za a yaduwar gloxinia ta hanyar rarraba tuber? Kuma menene alamun kulawa da shuka bayan irin wannan aiki?
Don wannan hanyar, manyan tubers kawai sun dace:
- diamita ba kasa da 5 - 6 cm;
- tare da wani na roba lafiya lafiya ba tare da alamun rot, cututtukan fungal ko wasu lalacewa;
- tare da tashe girma girma, har ma mafi kyau tare da sprouts game da 2 cm high.
Rarraba tuber tare da daskararren kaifin zubin cikin sassan domin kowane gungume yana da kwayar cutar kansa ko kuma madogarar girma. Wuraren da yankanda ake kula dasu da karyewar carbon wanda aka kunna zuwa jihar foda ko, idan sam sam sam basu samin wannan ba, toshe shi da wani farin kore. Saboda haka cewa tuber ne ƙasa da rauni a cikin ƙasa, an bushe kuma bugu da coari yana mai rufi da nau'in lambu. Wannan matakin zai taimaka wajen guje wa kwayan cuta ko lalacewar kayan shuka wanda aka yi amfani da shi wajen yaduwar gloxinia ta hanyar tubers.
Sangarorin sassan na tuber, ba tare da zurfafawa ba, an saka su a cikin kayan maye. A nan gaba, kula da gloxinia yayin yaduwar ta ƙunshi ingantaccen ruwa. Idan an shayar da ƙasa sosai karimci, ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin mafi yawan lokuta tana mutu.
Don dasa, ya fi dacewa don ɗaukar tabarau na yau da kullun don saka idanu kan ci gaban tushen tsarin yanayin tubers. Don shayarwa na matsakaici, zaka iya amfani da kwanon ruɓa tare da ruwa da wick, kuma don sanyaya farfajiya na ƙasa, ɗaukar sirinji tare da allura mai kauri.
A lokacin da farin lafiya Tushen amarya dukan girma na kasar gona, da kuma Rosette a saman da tuber girma da suka fi karfi, da shuka an canja shi zuwa dukunya mai dindindin.
