Gesneria (Gesneria) mallakar tsire-tsire ne na gidan Gesneriaceae. Yana da wani perennial, a vivo girma a cikin gandun daji na Amurka da Antilles. Dankin ya samu sunan ta ne da sunan masanin kimiyyar Switzerland Condar Gesner.
Gesneria na iya yin girma ko dai a matsayin karamin ciyawa mai kusan 60 cm tsayi ko kuma kamar ciyawar tsiro. Ganyen yana da kyau, tare da wadatar danshi mai yawa, tushe yana madaidaiciya. An gabatar da Rhizome a cikin nau'i na tubers. Furannin furanni masu ruwa-ruwa ne, furannin suna lanƙwasa a waje, launi yana rawaya ko ja tare da rawaya.
Kula da Gesneria a gida
Wuri da Haske
Ganyayyaki na Gesneria sun kasance laushi mai laushi ga taɓawa saboda kasancewar gashi a kansu. Yana da mahimmanci don kare fure daga hasken rana kai tsaye don kar ta karɓi ƙonewar rana. Zai fi dacewa wurin zama a kan windows ko yamma windows tare da hasken rana mai ba da haske. Idan Gesneria yana kan taga ta kudu, to dole ne a ɓoye hasken rana. A cikin hunturu, don tsawa da lokacin hasken rana, zaka iya amfani da kwararan fitila na wucin gadi.
Zazzabi
A cikin bazara da bazara, Gesneria ya kamata ya zama da zazzabi na kusan digiri 20-25, kuma a cikin hunturu yayin dormancy - aƙalla digiri 18.
Jin zafi
Tunda gesneria a cikin yanayin halitta yana girma a cikin gandun daji mai zafi da gumi, to a gida tsirrai yana buƙatar babban zafi. Iyakar abin da banda shi ne cewa danshi kada ya hau kan pubescent ganye. Iskar da ke kewaye da tsire-tsire ana fesa kullun, kuma ana sanya tukunyar da kanta a kan tire tare da yashi mai yashi. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da gansakuka don wannan, wanda kuma yana riƙe da danshi da kyau. Babban yanayin shi ne cewa kasan kwandon tare da shuka bai kamata ya sadu da ruwa ba, tunda tushen tsarin zai iya juyawa da sauri.
Watse
A cikin bazara da bazara, Gesneria yana cikin mataki na ci gaban aiki, don haka shayarwa a wannan lokacin ya zama yalwatacce. Ruwa da shuka kamar yadda saman duniya ke bushewa a cikin tukunya. Yana da mahimmanci ruwan da ke cikin akwati ba ya tururuwa, saboda ƙwancen da aka shuka na iya fara juyawa. Tare da farawar dormancy, a kaka da damina, kuma bayan an dakatar da fure, ana shayar da gesneria kasa da kasa. Zai fi kyau amfani da ƙananan hanyar shayarwa, tunda shuka bai yi haƙuri danshi a cikin ganyayyaki ba. Don ban ruwa amfani da m distilled ruwa a dakin zazzabi.
Ilasa
Ana shuka tubers Gesneria a cikin tukunya tare da cakuda humus, yashi, peat da ganye a ƙasa daidai gwargwado. Needsarshen tukunyar yana buƙatar yin lira tare da kyakkyawan kyakkyawan magudanar ruwan pebbles ko yumɓu da aka faɗa.
Da takin mai magani da takin zamani
A cikin lokacin daga farkon Maris zuwa farkon Oktoba, Gesneria yana buƙatar ciyarwa na yau da kullun. Mitar ciyar - sau 2 a wata. Don taki, ana amfani da ciyar da ciyawar ruwa don ciyawar cikin gida.
Juyawa
Wajibi ne don dasa shukar da suka girma a cikin Janairu-Fabrairu. Tuba ba ya buƙatar an rufe shi da ƙasa gaba ɗaya, kodan dole ya zama a saman. Don haka shuka zai farka da sauri a cikin bazara kuma ya ba da sababbin harbe.
Lokacin hutawa
Gesneria shine tsiro mai lalacewa, don haka tare da farawar haƙarƙari a watan Oktoba da Janairu, an rage yawan ruwa. Dankin zai rasa ganye, kuma idan sun faɗi gaba ɗaya, ana cire tubersa'idodin daga cikin substrate kuma a adana su har zuwa lokacin farkawa ta gaba a zazzabi na kimanin digiri 12-14.
Kiwon Gesneria
Gesneria yana ƙarƙashin yaduwar tsiro ta hanyar tsaba da ƙwaya biyu. A cikin kaka, ana shuka tsaba a cikin tukunya kuma ana kiyaye shi a zazzabi na 22 digiri. Karo na farko ba zai dauki dogon lokaci ba. Ana shuka tsire-tsire masu girma a cikin tukwane daban-daban. Kuna buƙatar shayar da tsire-tsire akai-akai, kare daga zafin rana mai zafi kuma kiyaye a zazzabi na akalla digiri 20. Itace da aka samu ta hanyar shuka iri zata yi fure cikin kimanin shekaru 2-3.
Lokacin da ya dace da yaduwar cutarwa shine lokacin daga Mayu zuwa Agusta. Don samun ƙarin bayani, ana amfani da takardar yanke, wanda aka dasa a cikin kwandon shara. Bayan kwanaki 40-45, ciyawar zata ɗauki tushen sa na farko, to, tubers zai yi tsiro. Watering yakamata ya zama na yau da kullun, kuma yawan zafin jiki na abun ciki na yankan - akalla digiri 25. A karshen Satumba, an rage yawan ruwa, ana rage zafin jiki zuwa digiri 20. A ƙarshen Oktoba, wani lokaci mai santsi ya shigo: an tono sama da digo ana aikawa don ajiya a zazzabi da bai wuce 12-14 ba. Shuka zai yi fure a shekara ta biyu.
Cutar da kwari
Gesneria galibi ana fama da kwari kamar su thrips, aphids, whiteflies, kwari masu kwari, da kuma kwari gizo-gizo. Hakanan shuka zai iya fama da rashin kulawa.
Shahararrun nau'ikan gesneria
Gesneria ta kumbura - shi ne shrub, perennial, rauni branching, ganye ne oblong, dan kadan nuna a ƙarshen. Ganyen yana da iskoki-hakori a gefuna, mai kauri, ba shegantacce, kusan 10-15 cm tsayi, tsawon cm cm 5. Furen yana girma akan dogayen falo, a saman kara guda 4-5 ana tattara su cikin inflorescences kowannensu. Furen yana da tubular, yana da siririn nimbus game da tsawon 3 cm. Corolla rawaya, furen kanta shine launin ruwan hoda ja, a cikin rawaya.
Gesneria matasan - tsire mai tsire-tsire ne mai tsire-tsire, herbaceous, perennial. Ganyen suna da yawa, suna da kyawawan dumin launi, koren duhu a launi. Furannin suna furanni ne, masu kumburi kaɗan, ja, kusan 5-7 cm a tsayi.
Cardinal Gesneria, ko Scarlet - Wannan nau'in herbaceous perennial ne, yana da madaidaiciyar turɓayar tsayi mai tsayi na cm 30. Ganyen suna duhu kore, ƙwanƙwasa da yawa. Tsawon ganyayyaki yakai kusan 10 cm, suna da filawa, m a siffar. Ginal Cardinal na fure a ciki da furanni guda, kuma an tattara su cikin ƙananan inflorescences. Furen yana da tubular, kumbura, yana da lebe biyu. Furen yana tsawon tsayi cm 5 cm launi ne mai launin shuɗi.
Gesneria yana da siffa mai siffa - Semi-artisan perennial shuka. Tsawonsa ya kai kimanin cm 30. Mai hanzari ya ɗan gajarta, suna da kamar itace. A ganye ba su da kusan tushe, zauna kai tsaye a kan kara, a nuna alama serrated. Girman ganyen yakai kimanin cm 3, tsayinsa yakai cm 10 cm a saman kowane ganye mai launin kore mai haske. A ƙasa, launi na ganyayyaki ya zama ɗan paler, an rufe farfajiya da gashin da ke da laushi ga taɓawa. Furanni masu launin ja ne mai haske, ɓangaren ƙananan ana fentin su a cikin launi mai haske mai haske. Kowane fure yana zaune akan falo mai tsayi.
Gesneria Lebanon - girma a cikin hanyar karamin shrub, tare da rauni Branching mai tushe da kuma matakai, perennial, evergreen. Kowane tsayi a saman bene yana da ganye da aka tattara. Ganyayyaki suna fitowa daga ƙasa da kuma daga sama, tsayin cm cm 8. Shuhun yana da furanni masu launin shuɗi, kusan tsawon 3-5 cm.
