Blehnumy, ko Derbyanki - ferns a cikin al'adunmu sun fi kamari. Ba sa yin haƙuri da sanyi ko maɗaurin abubuwa. Suna buƙatar zafi sosai kuma a lokaci guda suna amsa talauci don fesawa. Zai fi kyau girma fure a kan "taga mai zafi." Ganyayyaki suna kama da “hat” na dabino na dabino. A cikin samfuran tsufa, bayyane bayyane suke bayyane a gindi. Karanta game da siffofin girma wannan fern a cikin labarin.
Blechnum humpback, ko Derbyanka humpback (Blechnum gibbum).
Derbyanka - Bayyanar Botanical
Rod Derbyanka, ko Blehnum (Bleknum) jimlar kusan nau'ikan 140 na ferns na dangin Derbyankov (Bleknaceae), rarraba mafi yawa a cikin wurare masu zafi da ƙananan wurare. A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a a Rasha, nau'in derbyanki daya ya girma - spiny derbyanka, ko Blehnum spiny (Bleknum spicant).
A cikin yanayi, derbyanka shine babba, mai kama da dabino tare da rassa wanda ya kai 1 m a tsayi. Stalaƙƙarfan itace mai faɗin itace mai haɓakawa na rhizome, a cikin tsoffin tsire-tsire cikin yanayin cikin gida ya kai girman kusan 50 cm, an rufe shi da sikelin launin ruwan kasa. Rassanta sau daya ne ke yada zango kusan 50-60 cm, kore mai launi a launi. Sporangia a kasan ganyen, kusa da gefen sassan.
Iri Blackheads
A cikin yanayi na cikin gida, nau'ikan nau'ikan derbyanka sukan yi girma:
- Blechnum humpback, ko Derbyanka sunkuyar da kai (Blechnum gibbum) Tana da ganyen ganye mai haske da kusan babu petioles. Mafi mashahuri nau'in halittar cikin gida.
- Bleknum na ƙasar Brazil, ko Derbyanka Brasil (Bleknum brasilense) Tana da ganye mai ganyen zaitun.
- Blehnum Moore, ko Derbyanka Moore (Blechnum moorei) Busharamin daji game da 30 cm a girman, petioles na ganye kusan baki a launi, yayin da ganyen kansu masu duhu kore da haske.
- Blechnum serratus, ko Derbyanka serrate (Blechnum serrulatum), ma'anar kalmar shine Blehnum Indian, Derbyanka Indian (Alamar Blechnum).
Abubuwan da ake buƙata don narkar da blehnum
Haske: wurin dole ne ya zama ya girgiza daga hasken rana kai tsaye - i.e. yadudduka haske ko inuwa mai cike da haske. Blechnum tsire-tsire ne mai jure yanayin inuwa, ana ba da shawarar sanya shi a kan windows ko arewa maso yamma, har ma a bayan ɗakin. Hasken rana kai tsaye na iya cutar da tsiron.
Watse: Kawai tare da ruwan dumi, ruwan da yake dauke da ruwan lemun tsami. Watering a cikin bazara da lokacin rani yana da yawa, a cikin hunturu yana da matsakaici, amma ƙasa ya kamata ya kasance m koyaushe. Bushewa har da danshi mai yawa a cikin ƙasa shima yayi cutarwa ne ga blehnum. Yana da kyau kada a shayar da ɗanyen shuka daga sama, amma a runtse shi cikin ruwa tare da tukunya, ya bar na mintuna 1-2. Bayan wannan, dole ne a kyale ruwa fiye da kima.
Jin zafi: Kamar yawancin ferns, Blehnum yana son iska mai laushi, amma fesa ruwa na iya lalata ganyayyaki. Saboda haka, tukwane da tsire-tsire ana sanya su a trays tare da yumɓu masu haɓaka laka. A cikin hunturu, ana rataye batura tare da zane mai laima.
Juyawa: dasa ne da za'ayi a bazara, lokacin da Tushen cika duka tukunya. Shouldasa ya kamata ta ɗan ɗanɗana ruwan acidic. Blechnum ana shuka shi ne a cikin ƙasa wanda ya dace da yawancin ferns. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ya ƙunshi sassa 2 na ƙasar Peat, 2 sassan humus, 1 yanki na yankakken gansakuka da kuma 1 ɓangaren yashi. An dasa tsiron ne yayin da yake girma, lokacin da ya cika cikin tukunya. Kwana biyu kafin dasawa, fern ya kamata a shayar.
Manyan miya: a lokacin bazara, takin zamani na ciyayi na cikin gida duk sati biyu. Blehnum yana da matukar damuwa ga takin da ya wuce kima, don haka yakamata a dauki kashi sau 2 kasa da wanda masana'anta suka bashi shawarar. Hutu-hunturu - ba tare da kayan miya ba.
Turawa: ba ya bukatar.
Zazzabi: mafi inganci don girma ferns - 18-22 ° С. Temperaturesarancin zafi yana iya sa shuka ya ƙone ta da zafi. Dole ne a kiyaye Bleknum daga zane-zane.
Blechnum Moore, ko Derbyanka Moore (Blechnum moorei).
Farfado da gashin baki
Derbyki yana yaduwa ta hanyar spores da kuma rarraba rhizomes. Lokacin dasawa, an rarraba rhizomes zuwa sassa tare da wuka mai kaifi, an yayyafa wuraren yanka da gawayi da aka murɗe, kowane ɓangaren an dasa shi a cikin tukunya daban. Kula da yawan maki girma. Idan akwai girman girma guda daya ko kuma suma kima ne, to ba zaka iya raba shuka ba, wannan na iya haifar da mutuwa. Matasa tsire-tsire bayan rarrabawa ba su fara girma nan da nan ba.
Kuna iya ƙoƙarin yaduwar shuka daga spores da aka kafa akan ƙananan saman ganyayyaki. An shuka su a farkon bazara, mafi kyawun duka a cikin gandun daji mai zafi daga ƙasa, inda an kiyaye yawan zafin jiki na 21 ° C. Yanke wani ganye na shuka da kuma kankara a kan spores akan takarda. Zuba a cikin gandun daji wani yanki na malalewa da ƙasa mai gurbatawa don shuka tsaba. Ruwa kasar gona da kyau kuma watsa spores kamar yadda zai yiwu. Rufe gandun daji tare da gilashi kuma sanya shi a cikin duhu mai duhu.
Kowace rana, a taƙaice cire gilashin don samun iska, amma kada ku bar ƙasa ta bushe. Ya kamata a ci gaba da jinya a cikin duhu har sai tsirrai su bayyana (wannan zai faru bayan makonni 4-12). To tura shi zuwa wuri mai haske kuma cire gilashin. Lokacin da tsire-tsire ke tsiro, na bakin ciki, suna barin mafi ƙarfi a nesa na 2.5 cm daga juna. Samfurorun samari waɗanda ke haɓaka da kyau bayan thinning za a iya watsa su cikin tukwane tare da ƙasa mai peaty - tsire-tsire 2-3 kowane.
Blechnum humpback, ko Derbyanka humpback (Blechnum gibbum).
Cututtuka na derbyanki, ko blehnumov
Bar ganye sun yi launin shuɗi, launin shuɗi ya bayyana a kansu - yana nufin zazzabi dakin yayi tsayi (sama da 25 ° C), wanda ba kyawawa bane ga ferns. Dalilin na iya kasancewa na zamani ne ko rashin isasshen ruwa da kuma fesawa akai-akai.
Bar juya launin rawaya, da shuka ke tsiro talauci - lowarancin zafi a cikin ɗakin, kusancin tsarin dumama, ana iya lura da alamu iri ɗaya idan an dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai nauyi ko kuma tukunyar ƙasa mai yawa.
Bar fadada, translucent, lethargic - Matsanancin zafin rana.
Ganyen ya zama kodadde ko maras ban sha'awa, ƙarshen ya juya rawaya ko launin ruwan kasa, shuka ba ya girma ko yayi karanci - karancin abinci mai gina jiki, yayi karami ko babba.
Ganyayyaki na iya juyawa launin shuɗi, launin ruwan kasa, curl da faɗuwa, leavesan ganye sun bushe ya mutu - a kalla low zazzabi a cikin dakin, daga daukan hotuna zuwa sanyi daftarin, ban ruwa tare da ruwan sanyi, lokacin da ban ruwa da wuya ko chlorinated ruwa.
Blechnum spiny, ko Derbyanka spiny (Blechnum spicant).
Ba wanda ya ce ferns yana da sauƙi girma, amma wannan shine sha'awar, babban abu shine cewa yana aiki. Ko da yake capricious, sakamakon yana da daraja!
