Lokacin da akan kananun furanni masu haske, kamar taɓa ɗan ƙaramin ɓarnar bazara, taɓa furanni masu ɗamara masu kama da juna, da alama kamar lokaci bai ƙare ba. Zai yi wuya a sami karin daskararren kaka-fure. Abubuwan da aka saukar da furanni waɗanda ke bayyana furanni a ƙarshen lambun sune mafi kusancin dangi na waɗanda aka fi so a lokacin bazara na duniya. An girma da su bisa ga ƙa'idoji iri ɗaya kamar crocuses na yau da kullun, kawai furannin waɗannan tsire-tsire ba ya faruwa bayan dogon hunturu, amma kafin ya fara.
Saffron, ko kyawawan Crocus (ƙayyadaddun ƙirar Crocus).
Fara kusa da kusantocin kaka
Crocuses, ko Saffron - waɗanda aka fi so da abubuwan farawa. Suna da sauƙin girma har ma da sauƙin kulawa. Amma daga cikin kungiyoyi 15, ciki har da kusan nau'ikan crocuses 40 da aka yi amfani da su sosai a cikin aikin gona, nesa da duka sune tsire-tsire na bazara.
Babban rukuni na crocuses blooms a kaka, a ƙarshen ƙarshen zamani. Autumn crocuses Bloom bayan farkon ganye fall, kuma wannan kallo - da bambanci na hali irin dada dada fure da kuma lambu fadada domin hunturu - ba zai iya barin kowa ba sha'aninsu dabam. Irin waɗannan nau'ikan suna girma kamar ɗan lokaci a matsayin nau'in bazara, amma mafi yawan abubuwan kallo.
Kamar nau'in bazara, rakuman kaka sun dace da haɓaka duka kamar shuka, da kuma a cikin tukunyar tukunya har ma da al'adun cikin gida. Gaskiya ne, a cikin matsayi na ƙarshe, lokutan furanninsu suna canzawa kuma sun dogara ne lokacin da aka dasa fitila, bawai akan sake zagayowar yanayi ba. Sun fi kyau amfani:
- '' duhun daji '' a ƙarƙashin itace da bishiyoyi;
- kamar karɓaɓɓun harshe a cikin ƙananan rukuni waɗanda ke warwatse ko'ina cikin lambun;
- a kan iyakoki da kan gaba, a gefen rabatok;
- a wuraren ajiye ruwa da sauran jikin ruwa;
- don kayan ado na Lawn;
- A cikin mahimmancin mahimmancin yanayi a nunin faifai ko dutsen ginin.
Mafi kyawun nau'ikan katako na kaka
1. Kadai mai launin rawaya Crocus Sharoyanwanda launinsa mai haske ne mai haske. Tana da ganye mai fadi da kuma fure mai girma wacce take da kamar rana kadan. Wannan crocus na fure a watan Satumba da Oktoba.
2. Tudun kan dutsen (ko kwari) a tsayi ba zai wuce 12 cm ba, amma tsayi, har zuwa 6 cm, an yi wa furanni fenti mai launin launi da launin rawaya mai launin shuɗi a cikin makogwaro.
3. Crocus banat tare da kyawawan layin kaka mai laushi ya fita har zuwa 15 cm tsayi kuma ya yi tsawon wata guda, a lokacin da kowane kwan fitila ke samar da furanni 1-2 da tsayin ganye. Furanninta masu girma ne, masu ban mamaki, kadan kamar irises, tare da tsawon kusan santimita biyar na tsintsiya madaurinki, launin shuɗi-lilac da launin ruwan Lilac mai sanyi.
Saffron, ko banki Crocus.
4. Pristy crocus tare da kusan zagaye zagaye na gugu, abin ban mamaki mai ban mamaki na stamens da kyakkyawan wasan launi - launin shuɗi mai duhu akan manyan jijiyoyi da hasken wuta, ruwan kwalliya a kan dabbobi. Bar da shi Bloom ne kawai bayan fure, tsawaita, farin ciki a watan Satumba da Oktoba.
5. Crocus PallasFuranninsu kamar taurari ne masu ban mamaki Wannan wata shuka ce tare da kunkuntar ganyayyaki masu fure a lokacin bazara kawai, furanni waɗanda ke fitowa a cikin rabin na biyu na Satumba kuma har ma sun isa tsawo na 5 cm kawai, amma suna da tasiri sosai. Samun kusan 5 cm a diamita, sun fito waje ɗaya a cikin siffar Lilac da haske mai haske, launin fari-lilac mai launi mai kyau na stamens.
6. Kyakkyawan crocus - daya daga cikin manyan kumatun masu launin kaka-kaka. Ganyayyaki ya haɓaka a cikin bazara kuma ya kai tsawon cm 30. Amma ainihin "show" yana farawa a watan Satumba, lokacin da corms ke samar da furanni har zuwa 7 cm ko'ina, farar fata ko lilac, tare da mamakin taɓa jijiyoyin bugun jini, ƙwallan ruwa, kyakkyawan yanayin faɗaɗɗun, an nuna shi gefen petals da tsarin sifa. A cikin wannan crocus, komai ya yi kyau - kuma ginshiƙan lemo mai haske tare da toka na ƙura a cibiyar, da kuma zane-zanen gidan lu'u-lu'u. Kayan kayan aikin Crocus yana da nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan da aka zana a cikin tsananin duhu da duhu, shuɗi, shunayya. Daga cikin su, mafi mashahuri sune:
- Daban-daban "Oksinan" tare da violet mai duhu, tare da launi mai kyau na almarine na furen murɗaɗɗen launuka da bayyanannun ƙarshen abubuwan fure;
- Albus iri-iri tare da bututun kirim na asali da daskararren dusar ƙanƙara;
- iri-iri "Cassiope" tare da banbancin banbancin ban mamaki akan manyan furanni shuɗi;
- Aitchisonu iri-iri tare da manyan, fiye da 7 cm a cikin furanni na lilac furanni;
- Bambancin "Mai nasara" tare da azure blue manyan furanni;
- Bambancin "Artabir" tare da launi shuɗi mai shuɗi, ruwan duhu mai duhu.
Halin da yake da kyau don hutu na kaka
Tumbin damina na damuna sunfi dacewa da bukatunsu na hasken wuta. Crocus Sharoyan da kwarin suna son inuwa ko inuwa m, amma ga sauran nau'in shi ya fi kyau samar da hasken wutar lantarki, wurare masu duhu da haske, ko kuma akalla inuwar inuwa. Don crocuses na kaka, dabarun girma ya dace tare da wuri mai faɗi a cikin bazara da kaka da kuma inuwa a lokacin rani.
Saffron Sharoyan, ko Crocus Sharoyan (Crocus scharojanii).
Kurdawa ba sa son iska da magudanun ruwa, saboda haka suna zaɓar wuraren da aka ba su kariya. Abinda shine cewa a cikin waɗannan tsire-tsire furanni suna kula da iska mai sanyi, kuma mafi kariyar da suke bayarwa tare da "maƙwabta" - mafi kyau.
Ya kamata a zaɓi wurin dasa kifin kaka har ya kasance a lokacin da suke fama da matsala ba sa fama da bushewa, girma a bushe da yanayin dumi. Abin da ya sa kuke buƙatar zaɓar ɗayan maɗaukaki, kogunan rijiya (alal misali, kan tsaunukan tsaunukan dutse da tsaunukan dutse). Wani zabin shine sanya magudanar ruwa lokacin disembarkation.
Kula da ƙasa. Ga crocuses, zaɓi haske, ƙasa mai loamy wacce ke ƙetaren ruwa da kyau. Iyakar abin da ya keɓance shine nau'ikan Yaren mutanen Holland da kuma hybrids waɗanda ke jure wa ƙasa mai nauyi. Tabbatar tabbatar da cewa ƙasa ba ruwan acidic ko alkaline bane: crocuses suna son ƙasa ba ruwanta. Amma ba su buƙata sosai kan haihuwa: ƙasa mai wadatacciyar ƙasa kuma ƙasa mai saurin ƙasa sun dace da crocuses.
Siffofin dasa shuki kaka
Kafin dasa crocuses, wani dandamali don su yana buƙatar shirya. Haɗa yashi ko tsakuwa mai kyau a cikin ƙasa don inganta magudanar ruwa, kuma a cikin ƙasa mai yalwar ƙara taki mai girma, ƙasa mai ganye. Har ila yau, za a yi godiya ga gabatarwar takin zamani na potassium (maimakon nitrophoska, yana da kyau a yi amfani da superphosphate da nitrate na potassium). Peat shine mafi kyawun amfani ko lemun tsami da lemun tsami. A waɗancan wuraren yanar gizon da akwai haɗarin yin rigar, yin tsayayyun tsalle ko sanya magudanar ruwa a zurfin 30 cm cm.
Saffron, ko kwarin Crocus (tsauni) (Crocus vallicola).
Kari-na-dusar-kaka-fure na buƙatar dabarar daban-daban don dasawa: idan ana shuka tsire-tsire masu bazara a watan Agusta-Satumba, to ya kamata a sayi kodan mai launin kaka kafin fure, wanda galibi yakan fara a watan Satumba. Kwanakin da suka fi dacewa a gare su sun kasance daga Yuni zuwa ƙarshen ƙarnin farko na watan Agusta. Kada ku sayi kwararan fitila na fure - za'a raunana su, suna buƙatar shekaru da yawa don murmurewa.
Kafin dasa, sake bincika kwararan fitila: dole ne su kasance masu nauyi, tare da membranes mai yawa, ba murƙushe da taushi, tare da sake sabon ɗan koda (karamin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta). Kurajen kaka na bazara ya kamata su farka ba da daɗewa ba, kuma idan an zartar da alkawuran a kansu, zai fi kyau kada a dasa su ko a sa su a tukunya kuma a lura da alamun girma.
Ana dasa bishiyoyin kaka a cikin rukuni na guda 5, ana sanya tsire-tsire a nesa na 5-6 cm tsakanin tsire-tsire. Ana dasa kwararan fitila a zurfin gargajiya daidai da nisan da sau biyu na kwararan fitila da kansu (daga 5 zuwa 15 cm). A kan ƙasa mai nauyi, bar nesa daidai da tsinkayen kwan fitila daga saman kwan fitila zuwa ƙasan ƙasan.
Ba lallai ba ne don tsananin santimita santimita: crocuses, ba kamar ɗaukacin bulbous ba, suna kafa tushen ɓoyewa da ƙananan kwararan fitila da kansu za su zauna a cikin ƙasa cikin zurfin kwanciyar hankali. Bayan dasa, ciya ciyawa da yashi domin kare shi daga matsewar. Tabbatar a yiwa alamar saiti tare da sandunansu ko wasu alamomi.
Kula da crocuses blooming a cikin bazara
Wadannan ƙananan tsire-tsire, suna ba da daɗi don fure a cikin bazara mai sauƙi, suna da sauƙi don girma. Ban ruwa ba a buƙata don crocuses, sai don daidaiton haske mai tsananin dusar ƙanƙara da matsanancin fari a cikin bazara, lokacin da ake haɓaka aikin kaka na fure ya zama dole don gamsar da buƙatar danshi a cikin kwararan fitila da kifayen ruwa a kalla sau da yawa. Rigar tsire-tsire a cikin kaka ba a buƙata.
Saffron Pallas, ko Parkos Crocus (Crocus pallasii).
A lokacin duk ayyukan ci gaban aiki a farkon kakar, crocuses suna buƙatar potassium da phosphorus. Ana iya ciyar da su sau ɗaya a farkon bazara. Yi amfani da nitrogen tare da taka tsantsan don lafazin kaka: saurin haɓakar greenery na iya cutar da fure a ƙarshen kakar. A cikin kaka, ba a gabatar da takin zamani don crocuses.
Digging da kuma dasa bishiyar kaka
Za a iya dasa kwayayen kuma a canza su zuwa wani sabon wuri a lokaci guda idan aka dasa su - daga Yuni zuwa Agusta don nau'in fure-fure. Karancin kaka (idan baku shirya haɓaka yawan tsirrai da haɓaka crocuses ba, gabatar da su ga abokan makwabta ko siyarwa), kar kuyi jujjuyawar sau 3-5. Jira alamun ambaliyar "ciyawar" sannan kawai sai a dasa albasa. Don haka fure zai zama mafi kyau, kuma kwararan fitila sun fi ƙarfi.
Bayan tono kwararan fitila, ya zama dole a bushe a zazzabi a ɗakin a cikin wani wuri mai iska mai kyau na tsawon watanni 2-3. Bayan bushewa, suna cire tsohuwar Tushen kuma exfoliated, mara kyau Sikeli, yayyafa duk lalacewa tare da itace ash. Kwararan fitila tare da burbushi na rot ya kamata a jefar dasu nan da nan.
Saffron, ko Crocus kyakkyawa ne, kuma kyakkyawa ne, irin na 'Zephyr' (Crocus pulchellus).
Ana shirin hunturu
Crocuses sune bulbous mai tsaurin sanyi kuma basa buƙatar kowane shiri don hunturu.
Cutar da kwari
Ana amfani da katako na kaka lokacin da tsire-tsire su zama "abin dogaro" fiye da nau'in fure-fure. Yawancin lokaci suna fama da lalacewa ta hanyar lalacewa ta ƙasa mai laushi, amma akwai yuwuwar kamuwa da wasu cututtuka. A cikin sababbin nau'ikan, busassun bushe yana yaɗu, yana bayyana kanta a farkon a cikin ƙananan aibobi, sannan haɗawa cikin gabaɗaya. Kwararan fitila da abin ya shafa ya kamata a jefa su nan da nan kuma a hallaka su. Suna son cin rodents, sabili da haka, lokacin da suke kusa da nests da karuwar aiki a shafin, yana da kyau a dasa kwararan fitila a cikin raga na musamman.
Sake bugun lokutan kaka
Yankin damina na kaka mai sauki shine zai iya yaduwa sama da wanda ke bazara: suna haura har zuwa corms 7 annuan shekara. Karancin kaka ya samar da "sheƙuna" - rukuni na ƙwararrun kwararan fitila, wanda, bayan mutuwar tsohuwar kwan fitila da samuwar sabuwar, ya zama tsirrai masu 'yanci. Su ne mafi kyawun amfani don ƙara tarin tarin alaƙa, saboda kawai wannan hanyar tana kiyaye halayen tsirrai iri-iri. Lokacin yin digging da dasawa, tsire-tsire 'ya'yan itace kawai an raba su kuma ana amfani dasu azaman masu zaman kansu. Tunda sun yi fure na tsawon shekaru 3-4, yawanci shekara mai zuwa, yawancin albasarta da aka raba zasu faranta ransu.
Banana Saffron, ko ayaba Crocus (Crocus banaticus).
Hakanan ana iya yada ƙwayoyin Crocus ta tsaba, amma wannan hanyar ba ta bada izinin adana halayen 'yan kujeru iri iri, kuma frua ofan nau'in kaka shine sabon abu wanda ba a saba dashi ba kuma ya dogara da yanayin yanayin. An girbe tsaba daga kaka mai bazara a cikin bazara, bayan ɓarna na dabi'a, shuka iri ɗaya a cikin bazara ko kaka. Zai fi kyau shuka a cikin kwalaye ko tukwane, an rufe shi da kayan da ba a saka ba ko kumfa baƙar fata. Shuke-shuke suna girma cikin cyclically daga farkon shekarar, amma sun yi fure kawai tsawon shekaru 4-5 bayan shuka.
