Cacti sune mashahuri tsire-tsire waɗanda aka girma a gida. Suna da kyau sosai, musamman a lokacin furanni. A yanayi, akwai nau'ikan sama da dubu uku. Bambancinsu ya ƙunshi kamannin, girman girman mai tushe, tsarin furanni, kasancewar ƙaya ko hairs. A cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi na Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka, cacti daji suna girma. Fitowarsu gaba ɗaya sabanin 'yan uwan farauta ne daga jeji. Wadannan tsirrai suna da ganye-mai-ciyawar mai-ciyawa.
Rarrabawa
Gandun daji cacti sun kasu kashi biyu masu zuwa:
- Epiphyllum.
- Ripsalis.
- Ripsalidopsis.
- Slum-bergers.
A cikin rarrabuwa ta zamani babu takamammen rarrabewa kuma sau da yawa ana iya samun ɗaya kuma iri ɗaya a cikin jigogin daban-daban. Kuma a cikin wallafe-wallafen da yawa babu kusan rabuwa kuma duk sunayen suna iya gauraye. Muna da sha'awar ripsalidopsis, don haka bari muyi ƙoƙarin shiga ƙasan gaskiya. A baya can, masana sun danganta su da jana'izar guda bakwai, amma galibi ana kiransu epiphylopsis.
Zuwa yau, duk ripsalidopsis ko cacti na Easter shigar da dangin Gatior.
Bayanin
Ofasar asalin waɗannan tsirrai shine Brazil. Suna girma cikin yanayi mai zafi da laima, ana iya ganinsu a kan kututture, cikin rami, da tarin tsiwirrai daga lokacin tsiro. Ripsalidopsis yana da girma a cikin inuwar bishiyoyi masu tsayi kuma zai sha wahala a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye. Ba su da karshan peels da ƙayayuwa, kamar sauran cacti. Wannan ba lallai ba ne, saboda ba lallai ba ne don ɗaukar ruwa daga iska, inda zafi yake koyaushe.
Ripsalidopsis Mai tushe wanda ya dace da shi don ɗaukar danshi daga iska, saboda wannan suna haɓaka babban adadin asalin isasshen tushe. A kowane lokaci sun sami damar jujjuya tushen tsarin, kawai tare da hulɗa tare da matsakaici mai gina jiki.
Idan iska ta cika da danshi kuma babu hasken rana kai tsaye, wannan katafariyar Ista na iya ci gaba a gida a zazzabi na 17 zuwa 20 a lokacin rani kuma daga digiri 15 zuwa 17 a cikin hunturu. Saboda tushenta mai kyau yana daidaita da kyau don tara abubuwan gina jiki da danshi.
A karkashin yanayi mai kyau, ripsalidopsis suna yin furanni a ƙarshen harbe. Launansu ba su da bambanci sosai, amma koyaushe mai haske da dumin ciki. Furanni suna fitowa da fararen kaya, ruwan hoda da ja tare da tabarau daban daban. Blooming a farkon bazara, tsire-tsire suna murna da kyawun su na kimanin watanni biyu.
Jinsuna da iri
Akwai 'yan kalilan da nau'in ripsalidopsis. A vivo, Abokin Ripsalidopsis ya fi dacewa tare da furanni mai haske mai haske. An sanya sunan launin ruwan hoda ne saboda launin fure, launin ripsalidopsis ɗin yana da furanni masu ruwan fure da ruwan hoda mai haske mai launin shuɗi.
Ripsalidopsis na Varietal bambanta da mafi mai ladabi kyau na furanni.
Andromeda tana samar da manyan furanni masu launi iri irin rasberi,- Arnica tana alfahari da kusan fararen fure da ke buɗe cikin furanni ruwan hoda mai ban sha'awa.
- Manyan furanni masu launin ja sun fito a Castor,
- Auriga mai haske mai haske.
- A Torano, raspan murhun bishiyoyi masu haske na ban mamaki iri-iri, a tsakiyar wannnan fitila mai yalwataccen launin rawaya, tana buɗe furen kowane fure.
- Petals a Phonix suna da ruwan hoda mai haske da launi mai launi ceri,
- Cetuse ne halin da velvety of kusan fararen furanni,
- A Sirius suna da ɗanɗano da haske.
Andromeda tana samar da manyan furanni masu launi iri irin rasberi,Tun daga lokacin farawar ripsalidopsis ya fara ne a ranar Ista, ana kiransa sandar Ista. Amma da yawa suna rikitar da shi da Schlumberger, waɗanda ake kira '' Decembrists ', kuma a banza suna jiran furanni a watan Disamba. Waɗannan tsire-tsire iri ɗaya ne, amma siffar tushe tana da ɗan bambanci.
Sassan ganye mai siffofi na ripsalidopsis, hoton da kuke gani a ƙasa, sun fi zagaye girma, siffar su bata da kwari, duk da haka, hanjin da yayi kama da ƙaƙƙarfan hancin gashi har yanzu ana kiyaye su akan tukwicin.
Schlumberger a gefuna maimakon bristles suna da haƙoran haƙora. Girman girma daga bangarorin guda ɗaya ne, tare da mafi ƙarancin cm 3 a faɗi kuma 6 cm tsayi. Cactus na Easter, kamar Falmer ɗin, yana haɓaka tare da ƙirƙirar sassan da ke haifar a ƙarshen harbe kuma tanƙwara ƙasa.
Ana iya bambanta Ripsalidopsis daga Schlumberger da siffar furanni. Ripsalidopsis yana haifar da furanni mai fasalin tare da koda corolla, yayin da aka lura da murfin makusantan dan uwansa. Hakanan, launuka masu ruwan fure iri-iri na ripsalidopsis, ƙanshi mai daɗi.
Ripsalidopsis: kulawa
Kamar yadda tsire-tsire ke girma a cikin yanayin halittarsu a babban zafi, sannan dole ne a samar da yanayin gida kamar yadda yake kusa da na halitta. Forest cacti da m da kuma rashin tushen ci gaba, saboda haka ba su bukatar micronutrient-arzikin ƙasa da yalwa danshi a cikin tukunya, wannan zai zama cutarwa.
Ilasa da dasa
Karamin gandun daji na buƙatar sako mai laushi mai ɓoye wanda ya kunshi yashi mai kazanta, daskararren dutse ba tare da ƙura ba, birki mai ƙura ba tare da ƙura ba, busasshiyar ƙasa da ƙura ba tare da ciyawa da tushe ba, gawayi. Kafin amfani, cakuda an steamed a cikin tanda, ana ƙara cokali 3-4 na superphosphate da ƙwallan ƙwaya ko lemun tsami a cikin lita 3-4. Shouldasa ta kamata ta ɗan ɗanyi ɗanɗano acid, rabonta daga 6 zuwa 4.5. A shirye superphosphate zai acidify kasar gona.
Ripsalidopsis na gida yana buƙatar kulawa tare da juyawa na shekara bayan fure. Yana da yakan faru a ƙarshen Mayu, farkon watan Yuni. Dole ne a yi la’akari da cewa tushen tsarin tsirrai ya yi ƙarami kuma yana neman iska, don haka dole ne a zaɓi kwano mara ƙanƙan da ƙarami. A hankali cire tsohon ƙasa daga tushen tare da buroshi, an tsaftace su sosai, kuma ba a yarda lalata da fashewa.
Ya kamata a kimanta tsarin tushe don ci gaba. Idan suna cike da koshin lafiya, to ana iya ƙara yawan tukunya da sau 1.5. Takenaramin ƙarami ana ɗauka tare da rashin ci gaba. Yayin dasa, Tushen tsiron yana yadu a cikin tukunyar kuma a yayyafa shi da ƙasa akai-akai.
Kuna iya yin wannan: na farko, zurfafa kara, sannan ɗaga shi kuma barci mai barci, rage ma'amala ta hanyar buga ta a bangon ganga.
Sannan kasar gona ana iya hada shi da hannu. Tabbatar cewa kore kore na shuka ba a ɓoye, in ba haka ba zai lalace. Bayan haka, ana shayar da gandun daji tare da rana.
Watse
A lokacin furanni, ripsalidopsis yana buƙatar yawan ruwa, amma ba tare da tsayayyen ruwa a cikin tukunyar ba. Ana iya zuba ruwa kai tsaye a kan mai tushe, ban da yankin furen. Suna kuma ƙaunar sa yayin da aniyar ta ƙunshi fesawa da wanka da ruwa mai dumi kafin kwanciya.
Itace tana buƙatar yin shayarwa a duk shekara, amma an rage daga Oktoba zuwa Fabrairu, gwargwadon yawan taki, saboda lokacin hutu ne. Daga Fabrairu zuwa Maris - lokacin haɓaka toho - sun ci gaba da kulawa da kyau, suna ƙaruwa sosai. Shuka sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a wata tushe da foliar saman miya. Bi umarnin, amfani da humus da nitrogen-dauke da abubuwan hade da aka yi wa cacti daji.
Mahimmanci! Ba za ku iya amfani da takin gargajiya don ciyar da waɗannan tsirrai ba.
Idan an shirya kulawa daidai, to, a watan Afrilu-Mayu, jira don fure. Idan akwai rassa da yawa a daji, to an samar da furanni masu isasshen furanni. A lokacin furanni, an kare shinge mai zafi daga rana kuma ana ciyar dashi. Faɗa wa duk danginku cewa tukunyar da wannan tsiron ba za a iya sake sarrafa ta ba a lokacin furanni, har ma juya ba ta da kyau, saboda tana iya zubar da duk ɗanyen itace. A lokacin lalataccen, cactus na wurare masu zafi yana buƙatar zazzabi na digiri 15 - 15 don sanya shuki, da zaran an kusa shuka tsiro, zazzabi ya tashi zuwa digiri 18-20.
Kiwo
Da zaran ripsalidopsis ya ragu, yake za a iya yada shi da watsa shikamar yadda yake shiga cikin tsiri. Sake bugun yana da sauqi: kawai kuna buƙatar kunsa ɓangaren da kewayensa kuma sauƙi zai yanke. Sannan yakamata a bushe tsawon kwanaki 3, sannan a saka a tsaye, jingina ga sanda, akan ƙasa mai santsi ba tare da tonowa ba.
Bayan wani lokaci, zai sami tushen, daga nan ne sai ya zurfafa gangar jikin a ƙasa. Idan an yi kulawa daidai, ana iya sa ran furanni da yawa riga mai zuwa.
Cutar da kwari
A inji mai saukin kamuwa zuwa kwari da cututtuka. Kwayar cutar yanayin rashin so na iya faduwa da bushewar gidajen abinci. Dubawa yana farawa daga sama, idan an gano ɓarna mara nauyi da tsummoki, to ticks na iya farawa. An yi yaƙi da su da ruwan zafi ko 70% barasa. Ya isa ya sarrafa sassan tare da ɗayan kayan aikin. Ba za a sami komai ba tare da shuka, amma a cire tatsuniyar.
Ripsalidopsis na iya lalacewa kuma ya rasa yawancin adadin sassan saboda mummunan tushe. Tsananta tushen tsarin faruwa a lokuta:
- Stagnation na ruwa da yawan danshi.
- Rage ƙasa.
- Tushen ƙonewa tare da talauci diluted saman miya. Ana amfani dasu ne kawai bayan ruwa.
- Bayyanar a cikin ƙasa tsutsotsi - fararen tsutsotsi.
Tare da irin wannan bayyanar cututtuka, ya kamata a cire tsire daga tukunyar kuma a bincika tushen da ƙasa. An cire Tushen mara lafiya, kuma yakamata a yayyafa waɗanda ke da lafiya tare da ruwan zafi domin su iya jure hannun kaɗan, cire ragowar ƙasa cikin duhu mai ruwan hoda mai launi-duhu, bushe da shuka a cikin sabon abin canzawa. Don rage nauyin a kan tushen ɓangaren ɓangaren tsire-tsire za a iya taqaitaccen kadan tare da almakashi.
Hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa na iya faɗuwa daga rashin yanayin zafi na iska, daga damuwa sakamakon lalacewa akai-akai na tukunya idan tsire-tsire yayi sanyi.
Bayan sayan ripsalidopsis, shuka a gida na iya rasa duk buds saboda damuwa. Kada ku damu game da wannan, saboda shekara ta gaba ta Ista, tare da kyakkyawar kulawa, zai gabatar da aikin wuta gaba ɗaya, ya ƙunshi furanni masu haske da ƙyalli.
