Girma tumatir a cikin greenhouses

Kulawar seedling

Kwanaki 20 na farko bayan farawa, tsarin ganyayyaki ya girma a hankali. Kwanaki 15 zuwa 20 na gaba, girma yana karuwa sosai, kuma bayan kwanaki 35 zuwa 40 daga bayyanuwar seedlings, tsayinsa da girman ganyayyaki suna ƙaruwa sosai. A lokacin girma da haɓakar tsire-tsire, har ma cewa seedlings ba su shimfiɗa, ya zama dole don inganta yanayin haske, saka idanu da yawan zafin jiki da kuma taurara. Bayan fitowar shuka na kwanaki 7, ana kiyaye yawan zafin jiki yayin rana ta 16-18 ° C, kuma da dare 13-15 ° C. Sannan ana iya ƙara zuwa 18 - 20 ° C a yayin rana da 15 - 16 ° C da dare. Ana lura da wannan yanayin har sai seedlings yayi girma a cikin akwati har sai ganye na biyu na uku ko na uku - na kimanin kwanaki 30 zuwa 35 bayan tsiro. A wannan lokacin, ana shayar da seedlings sau 2 zuwa 3, tare da haɗuwa da tushen miya. A cikin wannan tsarin mulkin sha da babban miya a lokacin rashin haske (Maris), ƙwayoyin ƙarfi masu ƙarfi ke girma. Lokaci na farko ya shayar da ɗan lokacin da duk seedlings suka bayyana. Lokaci na biyu ana shayar dasu bayan 1 - 2 makonni, tare da haɗuwa da manyan miya a cikin lokaci na ganye na ainihin. Lokaci na ƙarshe ya shayar sa'o'i 3 kafin ɗaukar (dasawa) seedlings.

Tumatir a kan reshe. Na rennae

Ruwa ya kamata da zazzabi na 20 ° C kuma a zaunar dashi. Don kada ya faɗi a saman ganyayyaki, ya fi kyau ruwa ƙarƙashin asalin sa.

Kwalaye ko akwatuna kusan kowace rana suna buƙatar jujjuya ɗayan sashin taga - wannan zai hana seedlings daga shimfiɗa zuwa gefe ɗaya.

Ba za ku iya sanya akwatin a kai tsaye a kan windowsill ba, ya fi kyau a kan wani nau'in tsayawa, saboda ba a iyakance damar samun iska a cikin tushen tushen. Lokacin da tsire-tsire zasu sami ganye na 1 na ainihi, yi tushen miya: 1 cokali na Agricola-Forward na ruwa ana haɗe shi da ruwa lita 2. Wannan riguna na sama yana haɓaka haɓakar seedlings kuma yana ƙarfafa tsarin tushe.

Ana yin miya ta biyu a lokacin da ganye na gaskiya na uku ya bayyana: 1 tbsp. cokali a matakin magungunan "Shakka". Shayar da mafita sosai a hankali.

Seedlings tare da 2 zuwa 3 gaskiya ganye nutse cikin tukwane na 8 × 8 ko 10 × 10 cm a girma, a cikin abin da za su yi girma don kawai 22 - 25 days. Don yin wannan, tukwane suna cike da ɗayan abubuwan da aka ba da shawarar gauraya ƙasa kuma an shayar da su tare da maganin potassiumgangan - 0.5 g da 10 l na ruwa (22 - 24 ° C). Lokacin ɗaukar shuki, ana ɗaukar marasa lafiya marasa lafiya da tsire-tsire masu rauni.

Idan an dannanta dan kadan, to sai a dasa ciyawar a tukwane a cikin rabin tukwane, amma ba cotyledonous ganye ba, kuma idan ba a mika korayen ba, to ba a binne turken a cikin kasar ba.

Bayan dauko tumatir a cikin tukwane, kwanakin farko na 3 suna kula da yawan zafin jiki yayin rana 20 - 22 ° C, kuma da dare 16 - 18 ° C. Da zaran 'ya'yan itacen sun dauki tushe, zazzagewar ta rage yayin rana zuwa 18 - 20 ° C, da dare zuwa 15 - 16 ° C. Rage da seedlings a cikin tukwane sau ɗaya a mako har sai kasar gona ta jika. Ta hanyar shayarwa ta gaba, kasar gona yakamata ta bushe kadan, a tabbata cewa ba a daɗewa ba a cikin shayarwa.

Kwanaki 12 bayan kamun, ana ciyar da 'yantar: 1 teaspoon na nitrophoska ko nitroammophoski ko 1 teaspoon na Alamar Tumatir ana ɗaukar takin gargajiya a kowace lita 1 na ruwa. Ku ciyar game da gilashi a cikin tukwane 3. 6-7 kwanaki bayan na farko da miya, an yi na biyu. Don lita 1 na ruwa, 1 teaspoon naግሪola-5 na ruwa mai ƙira ko Tsarin Abinci mai kyau da aka haɗu. Zuba kofi 1 a tukwane guda 2. Bayan kwanaki 22 - 25, ana dasa shuki daga kananan tukwane cikin manyan (12 × 12 ko 15 15 15 cm a girma). A lokacin da dasawa, gwada kar a binne tsire-tsire.

Bayan dasawa, ana shayar da tsire-tsire a ɗan ruwa mai ɗumi (22 ° C). Sannan kar a ruwa. A nan gaba, ana buƙatar matsakaici watering (lokaci 1 a mako ɗaya). Shayar kamar yadda ƙasa ta bushe. Wannan yana hana girma da haɓaka daga seedlingsan seedlings.

Dayawa daga cikin lambu tabbas suna tambaya: me yasa kuke buƙatar nutsar da seedlings farko a cikin ƙananan tukwane, sannan kuma ku dasa cikin manyan? Wannan hanya za a iya yi kuma ba. Mafi yawa daga cikin wadancan lambu da suka yi girma daya zuwa biyu dozin tsire suna dasawa. Idan tsire-tsire 30 zuwa 100 suna girma, dasawa daga tukwane zuwa manyan ba lallai ba ne, aiki ne mai ƙima. Duk da haka, kowane dasa yana hana ci gaban shuka da tsire-tsire ba sa shimfiɗa. Bugu da kari, lokacin da tsire-tsire ke cikin ƙananan tukwane, suna haɓaka ingantaccen tsarin tushen lokacin shayarwa ta yau da kullun, tunda ruwan da ke cikin irin waɗannan tukwane ba ya daskarewa kuma akwai ƙarin iska a cikinsu. Idan seedlings nan da nan zazzage cikin manyan tukwane, zai zama da wuya a tsara yadda za'a shayar da ruwa: ruwa a cikinsu ya kasance. Sau da yawa akwai ambaliyar ruwa, kuma tushen tsarin yana haɓaka talauci daga rashin isasshen iska, wanda, bi da bi, ya cutar da ci gaban seedlings (yana shimfidawa kaɗan). Gwada kada cika shaye-shaye.

Seedlings tumatir. © Vmenkov

Kwanaki 15 bayan dasawa, ana ciyar da tumatir cikin manyan tukwane (miya ta farko): 1 tablespoon na taki na koriya da 1 tablespoon na superphosphate da potassium sulfate an narkar da shi a cikin lita 10 na ruwa, saro da zub da seedlings a cikin adadin gilashin 1 na kowane tukunya. . Bayan kwanaki 15, ana yin miya ta biyu: 40 g na granulated taki Agricola-3 ko kuma tablespoon na takin zamani ko kuma Nakasasshen Nnamdi ana narkewa a cikin ruwa 10 na ruwa kuma ana cin gilashin 1 kowace shuka. Wannan zai zama ruwa da kuma kayan miya.

Idan aka haɗa ƙasa a cikin tukwane yayin girma daga cikin seedlings, ƙara ƙasa a cikin tukunya mai cike.

A lokuta da wuya, idan seedlingsan seedlings sun yi tsawo sosai, zaku iya yanka mai tushe daga tsirrai zuwa sassa biyu a matakin na ganye na 4 ko na 5. Ana sanya sassan yanke na sama na tsire-tsire a cikin gilashi tare da maganin heteroauxin, inda a cikin kwanaki 8-10 Tushen akan ƙananan mai tushe zai girma zuwa 1-1.5 cm a girman .. Sannan ana shuka waɗannan tsire-tsire a cikin tukwane na abinci na 10 cm 10 cm ko kai tsaye a cikin akwati a nesa na 10 × 10 ko 12 × 12 cm daga juna. Itatuwan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire za su ci gaba da girma kamar ƙananan talakawa, waɗanda aka kafa su a cikin tushe guda ɗaya.

Daga sinus na ƙananan ƙananan ganye guda huɗu na shuka da aka rage a cikin tukunya, sababbin harbe (matakai) za su bayyana nan da nan. Lokacin da suka kai tsawon 5 cm, dole sai an bar babba na biyu kuma sai a cire ƙananan. Hagu na sama da sannu-sannu za su yi girma da hankali su girma. Sakamakon ingantaccen seedling ne. Ana iya yin wannan aikin 20 zuwa 25 na kwanaki kafin sauka a kan wurin dindindin.

Lokacin da aka shuka irin wannan shuka a cikin greenhouse, suna ci gaba da samar da shi a cikin harbe biyu. Kowane ɗaure yana daɗaɗa tare da igiya zuwa trellis (waya). A kowane harbi, har zuwa 3 zuwa 4 an samar da goge 'ya'yan itace.

Idan tumatir tumatir yana da girma kuma yana da launi mai launin shuɗi, to ya zama dole a yi kayan miya da foliar tare da shiri na Emerald, cokali 1 a kowace lita 1 na ruwa - ana fesa tsire na tsawon kwanaki 3 a jere ko kuma kayan miya - (ɗauka 1 tablespoon na urea ko takin ruwa na ruwa 10 na ruwa " Manufa "), ciyar da gilashi akan kowane tukunya, sanya tukwane na tsawon kwanaki 5 - 6 a wani wuri mai dumin zafin rana dare da rana 8 - 10 ° C kuma kar a sha ruwa tsawon kwanaki. Zai zama sananne ne yadda tsire-tsire suka daina girma, suka zama kore har ma suna samun launin shuɗi. Bayan haka, ana sake canza su zuwa yanayin al'ada.

Idan seedlings ci gaba cikin hanzari ga lalata furanni, suna yin tushen miya: ɗauka 3 tablespoons na superphosphate da lita 10 na ruwa kuma ku ciyar da gilashin wannan maganin kowane tukunya. Bayan kwana daya bayan sutturar miya, dole ne a sanya shuki a cikin wurin mai dumin zafi tare da zafin jiki na 25 ° C a rana, da kuma 20-22 ° C da dare kuma ba a shayar kwana da yawa ba domin ya ɗan bushe ƙasa. A karkashin irin wannan yanayin, 'ya'yan itacen sukan daidaita, kuma bayan sati daya an canza shi zuwa yanayin al'ada. A cikin yanayin rana, ana sa zafin jiki a 22-23 ° C a lokacin rana, 16-17 ° C da dare, kuma a cikin hadari yanayin ana saukar da shi a 17-18 ° C a lokacin day, kuma a 15-16 ° C da dare.

Yawancin lambu suna korafi game da jinkirin girma na seedlings, a wannan yanayin suna ciyar da shi tare da haɓaka mai haɓaka "Bud" (10 g da lita 10 na ruwa) ko taki mai laushi "Ideal" (1 tablespoon a lita 10 na ruwa).

A watan Afrilu - Mayu, seedlings suna taurare, wato, sun buɗe taga a cikin dare da rana. A cikin kwanakin dumi (daga 12 ° C da sama), ana ɗaukar seedlings a cikin baranda don awanni 2-3 don kwanaki 2-3, a bar shi a buɗe, sannan a ɗauke shi don duk ranar, za ku iya barin shi na dare, amma dole ne ku rufe shi da fim . A yayin saukar da zazzabi (a ƙasa 8 ° C), an fi kawo seedlings cikin ɗakin. Seedlingsa'idodin seedlings da ke da kyawawan yanayi suna da launin daɗaɗɗen ruɗi Lokacin yin taurara, dole ne a shayar da ƙasa, in ba haka ba tsire-tsire za.

Don adana fure na fure a farkon goge na fure, ya zama dole don yayyafa seedlings tare da maganin boron (a kowace lita 1 na ruwa 1 g na boric acid) ko kuma mai haɓaka haɓaka tare da shiri na Epin da safe a ranar girgije, kwanaki 4-5 kafin dasa shuki a kan gadon lambu ko a cikin kora. A cikin yanayin rana, ba za a iya yin wannan ba, in ba haka ba ƙone-ƙone zai bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki.

Seedlings ya kamata 25 - 35 cm high, suna da 8 - 12 da-raya ganye da kuma kafa inflorescences (daya ko biyu).

Kwanaki 2 zuwa 3 kafin a dasa shuki a cikin mazaunin dindindin, ana bada shawara a yanka 2 zuwa 3 na ganye na gaskiya. An yi wannan aikin ne don rage yiwuwar cutar, mafi kyawun iska, haske, wanda, bi da bi, zai ba da gudummawa ga ingantacciyar ci gaba na furen fure. Yanke saboda akwai kututture tare da tsawon 1.5 - 2 cm, wanda zai bushe sannan ya faɗo kansu, kuma wannan ba zai lalata babban tushe ba.

Dindindin dasa da kuma kula da shuka

An shuka tsire-tsire masu girma a cikin greenhouse daga Afrilu 20 zuwa 15 Mayu. Har yanzu sanyi a wannan lokacin, musamman da daddare, saboda haka ana bada shawara don dacewa da gidan kore tare da fim guda biyu, nisan da ke tsakanin su ya kamata ya zama 2 - 3 cm .. Irin wannan murfin ba wai kawai yana inganta tsarin yanayin zafi ba, har ma yana tsawaita rayuwar fim ɗin ciki har zuwa ƙarshen kaka. An cire murfin waje na fim ɗin Yuni 1 - 5. Gurin kore da aka shirya don tumatir ya kamata windows ba kawai a garesu ba, har ma a saman (1 - 2), tun tumatir, musamman lokacin fure, suna buƙatar samun iska mai hankali. Don guje wa cututtuka, ba da shawarar shuka tumatir a cikin greenhouse daya na shekaru da yawa a jere. Yawancin lokaci suna canzawa tare da cucumbers, i.e. lokaci daya - cucumbers, na biyu - tumatir. Amma kwanan nan, cucumbers da tumatir sun fara fama da cutar fungal iri ɗaya - anthracnose (tushen rot). Sabili da haka, idan har yanzu ana shuka tumatir bayan cucumbers, to, dole ne a cire duk ƙasa ƙasa daga cikin greenhouse, ko aƙalla cire saman Layer 10 cm, inda duk cutar ta kasance. Bayan haka, wajibi ne don fesa ƙasa tare da zafi mai zafi (100 ° С) na sulfate jan karfe (1 tablespoon a lita 10 na ruwa) ko tsarke 80 g na shiri na Gida zuwa lita 10 na ruwa (40 ° C) kuma yayyafa ƙasa a cikin 1.5 - 2 l a 10 m.

Tumatir © Johnson da Johnson

Tumatir da cucumbers ba su girma a cikin girka ɗaya, saboda tumatir na buƙatar ƙarin samun iska, ƙananan zafi da zafin jiki sama idan aka kwatanta da cucumbers. Idan, duk da haka, kore ɗaya ne, to, a tsakiyar an rufe shi ta hanyar fim kuma a gefe ɗaya an girma cucumbers, kuma a ɗayan - tumatir.

Ya kamata a share furen shinkafar gaba daya daga safe zuwa yamma da rana, har ma da ɗan girgiza wasu bishiyoyi ko tsintsaye wanda ke haifar da raguwar yawan amfanin ƙasa.

Dogo ne da aka yi tare da shinkafa, adadinsu ya dogara da fadin gilashin. Ana yin ridges kwanaki 5-7 kafin a dasa shuki tare da tsayin 35-40 cm, faɗin su ya dogara da girman greenhouse (yawanci 60-70 cm), ana yin juzu'i na akalla 50-60 cm tsakanin tsayi.

A kan gado na loamy ko yumbu ƙasa ƙara 1 guga na peat, sawdust da humus ta 1 m2. Idan gadaje an yi su da peat, to sai a ƙara 1 guga na humus, sod ƙasar, sawdust ko ƙananan kwakwalwan kwamfuta da buhun 0.5 na yashi. Bugu da kari, kara 1 tablespoon na superphosphate, potassium sulfate ko cokali biyu na nitrophosphate kuma tono shi gaba ɗaya. Kuma kafin dasa shuki, ana shayar da seedlings tare da bayani na potassium permanganate (1 g na potassium permanganate da lita 10 na ruwa) a zazzabi na 40-60 ° C, 1.0-1.5 a kowace rijiya ko tare da takin gargajiya (5 tbsp.spoons a lita 10 na ruwa) . 40 g na taki na Farkoola-3 ana narkewa a cikin ruwa na 10 l kuma ba kawai rijiyoyin ba, har ma ana shayar da gadaje tare da ingantaccen bayani (30 ° C).

'Ya'yan da ba su cika shuka (25-30 cm) ana shuka su ne a tsaye, suna cika tukunya da cakuda ƙasa. Idan saboda wasu dalilai masu tsire-tsire sun miƙa zuwa 35 - 45 cm kuma an binne kara lokacin ganya a cikin ƙasa, to, wannan kuskure ne. Aaramin da aka haɗe tare da cakuda ƙasa nan da nan yana ba da ƙarin Tushen, wanda ke dakatar da haɓakar shuka kuma yana ba da gudummawa ga fadowa daga furanni daga goga na farko. Sabili da haka, idan ƙwayar ta girma, to, ina ba ku shawara ku shuka shi kamar haka. Yi rami mai zurfi 12 cm, a ciki rami na biyu yana da zurfi zuwa tsayin tukunya, sanya tukunya tare da seedlings a ciki kuma cika rami na biyu tare da ƙasa. Ramin farko har yanzu yana buɗe. Bayan kwanaki 12, da zaran seedlings sun dauki tushe sosai, sai a rufe rami tare da duniya.

Idan an shimfiɗa seedlings zuwa 100 cm, dole ne a dasa shi akan gado domin saman ya tashi 30 cm sama da ƙasa .. Dole ne a dasa shuki a layi ɗaya a tsakiyar gado. Nisa tsakanin tsirrai yakamata ya zama cm 50. Don yin wannan, an saka pegs tare da tsayin da ba su wuce 60 cm ba a gado a wani nesa da ya dace .. Bayan haka, daga kowane fegi, a yi furrow mai tsayi 70 da zurfin 5 - 6 cm (a kowane hali ya kamata a dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa zuwa babban zurfin , tunda a farkon bazara ƙasa bai rigaya ya warmed da tushe tare da tushe mai tushe ba, seedlings mutu). A ƙarshen tsagi, tono rami don sanya tukunya tare da tushen tushen. Ruwa da tsagi an shayar da su ruwa, an dasa tukunya mai tushe tare da ƙasa. Sa'an nan kuma, kara ba tare da ganye an dage farawa a cikin tsagi (kwanaki 3 zuwa 4 kafin dasa shuki, an yanke ganyayyaki don 2 - 3 cm kututture ya kasance a gindin babban tushe, wanda ya bushe ya bushe da kwanaki 2 zuwa 3 kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, kuma a sauƙaƙe ya ​​ɓace ba tare da lalata ɓarin tushe ba ) Abu na gaba, tushe an saita shi a wurare biyu tare da waya mai siffar alumini mai slingshot, an rufe shi da ƙasa kuma ya ɗan shaƙe kaɗan. Ragowar kara (30 cm) tare da ganye da kuma goge fure an haɗa shi da yardar rai tare da igiya guda takwas polyethylene zuwa turaku.

Kada ka manta cewa gado tare da dasa overgrown tumatir seedlings lokacin bazara zamani ba a loosened, ba su spud. Idan mai tushe mai ban ruwa ya fallasa yayin ban ruwa, wajibi ne don ciyawa (ƙara) Layer (5-6 cm) na peat ko cakuda peat tare da kyan gani (1: 1).

Abubuwan gona da tumatir masu tsayi irin na tumatir ana shuka su ne a tsakiyar gadaje a jere ko kuma a matse su bayan 50-60 cm daga juna. Idan nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire 80 - 90 cm maimakon 50 - 60 cm a al'ada, to, tare da irin wannan saurin shuka, yawan amfanin ƙasa ya ragu sosai, kusan rabi. Bugu da kari, tsire-tsire kyauta akan gonar yana da matukar daraja, yana ba da matakai da yawa, goge-fure da yawa, dangane da abin da ake ta jinkirta fitar da ofa fruitsan. Bayan dasawa, ba a shayar da tsire-tsire na kwanaki 12 zuwa 15, saboda kar su shimfiɗa. A cikin kwanaki 10 - 12 bayan dasa shuki, ana ɗaukar tumatir zuwa trellis 1.8 - 2. m tsawo. Tumatir an kafa shi cikin tushe guda ɗaya, yana barin goge fure 7 zuwa 8. Zaku iya barin ƙananan ƙananan matakai guda ɗaya tare da goge fure ɗaya, kuma cire duk sauran matakai daga axils na ganyayyaki da asalinsu lokacin da suka kai tsawon cm 8. Ana yin wannan mafi kyau da safe lokacin da matakai masu sauƙi su yanke. Don guje wa kamuwa da cuta tare da cututtukan hoto, 'ya' yan uwa ba a sare su ba, amma an kakkarye su gefe domin ruwan 'ya'yan itace bai shiga yatsu ba, tunda ana iya canjawa daga cutar da ke da lafiya zuwa hannun mai lafiya. Gumakan daga matakai suna barin tsawo na 2 - 3 cm.

Tsara furanni a lokacin rana a yanayin dumin rana, dan girgiza ciyawar fure. Domin pollen yayi girma a kan turbar kwaro, ya zama dole a shayar da kasar gona nan da nan bayan girgiza ko don fesa shi da ruwa ta hanyar fesa mai kyau akan furanni. 2 sa'o'i bayan ruwa, rage zafi iska ta buɗe taga da ƙofar. Jirgin sama ya zama tilas, musamman a lokacin tumatir na zamani. Baya ga windows gefen, dole ne a buɗe windows na sama ta yadda babu wani ruwan sanyi a cikin fim ɗin (saukad da ruwa).Logasan da ke da ruwa na rage daskararru da abubuwan sukari a cikin 'ya'yan tumatir, suna zama mai yaƙar acidic da ruwa, da ƙarancin fulawa. Sabili da haka, wajibi ne don samar da irin wannan ban ruwa wanda zai yuwu a sami babban amfanin kuma ba rage ƙimar 'ya'yan itacen ba.

Tumatir a cikin greenhouse. Jonathan

Kafin fure, ana shayar da tsire-tsire bayan kwanaki 6 - 7 a cikin kudi of 4 - 5 a kowace lita 1 m2, a lokacin furanni har sai an samar da 'ya'yan itace - lita 10 - 15 a kowace 1 m2. Zazzabi ruwa ya zama 20 - 22 ° С. A cikin yanayin zafi, adadin yawan ruwa yana ƙaruwa.

A cikin gidajen kore, fim ya kamata a za'ayi da safe kuma a nisanta shi da maraice, don kada a haifar da wuce haddi, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka da saukad da ruwan sanyi da daddare a kan tsire-tsire, wanda ke da haɗari musamman a ƙananan yanayin zafi da dare.

A lokacin girma kuna buƙatar yin suturar abinci 4 - 5.

Abincin tumatir

An fara yin riguna na farko a cikin kwanaki 20 bayan an dasa shuki a cikin mazaunin dindindin: 1 tbsp. cokali na Alamar tumatir da takin gargajiya ta Vegola, ciyar da lita 1 a kowace shuka.

Na biyu saman miya ne da za'ayi a cikin 8 - 10 kwanaki bayan na farko: 1 tbsp. cokali na Signor Tumatir takin gargajiya da 20 g na granulated taki Agricola-3, duk an cakuda su sosai, kuma ana amfani da maganin 5 l da 1 m2.

Na uku ana ciyar da kwana 10 bayan na biyu: 2 tbsp. tablespoons na Nitrofoski taki da 1 tbsp. cokali na ruwa "Ideal" taki.

Ana yin riguna na hudu na kwana 12 bayan na uku: lita 10 na ruwa ana dillanci 1 tbsp. cokali na superphosphate, potassium sulfate ko 40 g na granulated taki "Agricola-3", duk zuga, ciyar da mafita na 5 - 6 a kowace lita 1 m2.

Na biyar saman miya ake yi karshe: 2 tbsp .. Ana gasa cikin lita 10 na ruwa. tablespoons na Alamar tumatir takin gargajiya, ciyarwa 5 - l ta 1 m2.

Ana yin rigakafin miya na Foliar a cikin lokacin girma game da 5-6 sau:

1. Maganin maganin "Bud" (kafin fure da lokacin fure).
2. Maganin maganin "Epin" (yayin furanni da yanayin 'ya'yan itace).
3. Maganin maganin "Emerald" (kafin fure da kuma lokacin lokacin 'ya'yan itace).
4. Maganin aikin gona na 3 -ola (a kowane fanni na ci gaba).
5. Maganin '' 'Ya'yan itacen' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' (don hanzarta hanzarin 'ya'yan itatuwa).

Mafi kyawun zafin jiki don girma na yau da kullun da 'ya'yan tumatir shine 20 - 25 ° C yayin rana da 18 - 20 ° C da dare.

A lokacin fruiting, ana ciyar da tumatir tare da bayani mai zuwa: na 1 lita na ruwa, ɗauki 1 tablespoon na Alamar tumatir na tumatir da cokali ɗaya na Ideal. Ruwa 5 a kowace lita 1 m2. Wannan rigar saman tana hanata sauke kayan 'ya'yan itace.

Lambu suna da tambayoyi da yawa game da kula da tumatir: furanni ya faɗi, ya bar curl, da dai sauransu, idan, saboda wasu dalilai, ci gaban tumatir ya rikice kuma an dakatar da shi, to wannan da farko yana rinjayar samuwar tsirrai da inflorescence, i.e. . fewan fruitsan itace ana kafa su akan goge fure, wanda ke rage yawan aiki. Misali, idan ganyen tumatir na jujjuya kullun, akwai girma mai saurin girma, kuma tsiro yana da ƙarfi, mai tushe mai kauri, ganyayyaki masu duhu ne, manyan, succulent, i.e., kamar yadda masu lambu ke cewa mai daɗi, to irin wannan shuka ba zai samar da amfanin gona ba, tunda komai na tafiya zuwa ga ciyawar ganye, ga ganye. Irin waɗannan tsire-tsire, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna samar da fure mai rauni sosai tare da adadi kaɗan na furanni. Wannan na faruwa ne daga yawan ruwa a yayin da ake amfani da allurar nitrogen da takin gargajiya da kuma rashin hasken. Don daidaita irin wannan tsire-tsire, da farko, ba sa buƙatar shayar da su don kwanaki 8-10, ya kamata a ƙara yawan zafin jiki ta hanyar kwanaki da yawa a cikin rana zuwa 25 - 26 ° C, kuma da dare zuwa 22 - 24 ° C. Wajibi ne a fitar da furanni na waɗannan tsirrai - cikin yanayi mai zafi daga sa'o'i 11 zuwa 13, kuna girgiza gogewar da hannu. Kuma don ci gaban ci gaba, suna yin tushen miya tare da superphosphate (na lita 10 na ruwa kana buƙatar ɗaukar 3 tablespoons na superphosphate, a cikin nauyin 1 lita na kowace shuka). Kuma cikin kankanin lokaci, tsirrai suna tsayayye.

Tumatir a cikin greenhouse. Cat

Yana faruwa cewa ganyen tsire-tsire suna zuwa sama a wani kusurwa mai mahimmanci kuma kada ku juya ko dai dare ko rana. Furannin furanni har ma da ƙananan 'ya'yan itace sau da yawa suna fada daga irin tsire-tsire. Dalilan wannan shine busasshiyar ƙasa, zazzabi mai yawa a cikin greenhouse, rashin iska mara kyau, ƙananan haske.

A wannan yanayin, yana da gaggawa don shayar da tsire-tsire, rage zafin jiki a cikin greenhouse, yin iska, da dai sauransu A cikin tsire-tsire masu haɓaka, ganyayyaki na sama suna juyawa yayin rana, kuma suna daidaitawa da dare, furanni basu faɗi, suna da rawaya mai haske a launi, manyan, akwai adadinsu a cikin goge fure . Wannan yana nufin cewa shuka tana karɓar duk abin da yake bukata don haɓaka: haske, abinci mai gina jiki, da sauransu. Daga irin waɗannan tsire-tsire, suna samun girbi mai kyau.

Yana faruwa sau da yawa ana zubar da kyawawan 'ya'yan itatuwa akan goga ta farko, kuma cika jinkirin ne akan goge na biyu da na uku. Don hanzarta cika cikawa a kan goge fure na biyu da na uku da inganta fure na masu zuwa, ya zama dole don cire amfanin gona na farko daga goga na fari da wuri-wuri, ba tare da jiran ɗan itacen ya sake yin ja ba. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari masu launin ruwan kasa sun bushe da sauri a kan windowsill na rana. Nan da nan bayan an girbe, a shayar da ƙasa a kan 10 of 12 - 12 na ruwa a 1 m2. Ba a yanke Stepsons da ganye ba, an rage zafin jiki a cikin kora zuwa 16 - 17 ° C (bude windows da kofofin), musamman da dare. A karkashin waɗannan halayen, an girka amfanin gona da sauri a kan goge mai zuwa kuma ya ci gaba har zuwa yau.

Idan a cikin sabon sabon gidan kore tsire-tsire masu bakin ciki, tare da dogon internodes, sako-sako da furen fure da adadi mai yawa, yana nufin bishiyoyi ko bishiyoyi na fure suna girma kewaye da shi, yana hana shigar azzakari cikin haske. Sakamakon haka, girbin a cikin irin wannan lambun zai zama ƙasa da 3-4 sau fiye da a cikin rijiyar da take dauke da hasken rana. Sabili da haka, tuna cewa tumatir sune mafi yawan al'adun hoto. Daga rana da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu dadi.

Samun amfanin gona na tumatir da wuri

Don samun amfanin tumatir da wuri, ana shuka shuki a wata kwanan wata. Da mazan da ,an itacen, da ƙarin haɓaka shi, wanda, bi da bi, yana ba ka damar cire amfanin gonar a baya. Yawanci, a cikin tumatir, dangane da iri-iri, daga germination zuwa fruiting, 110, 120 ko kwana 130 wuce. Lokacin ƙirƙirar mafi kyawun yanayi na waje - ƙara yanki na abinci mai gina jiki, haske, zafi, inganta abinci mai ƙasa - zaku iya gajarta lokacin daga seedlings zuwa 'ya'yan itaciya ta hanyar 10, 15, 20. Kuma, a matsayin mai mulkin, har ma overgrown seedlings tare da lignified mai tushe ba da mafi yawan amfanin ƙasa 'ya'yan itatuwa fiye da matasa, sako-sako da, sauƙi watse. A cikin ƙarin yankuna na arewacin, inda lokacin rani ya fi guntu, dole ne a ƙara yawan shekarun seedlings zuwa kwanaki 70 - 80. A lokaci guda, ba laifi ba ne a yi amfani da haske na ɗan adam kuma a kula da zazzabi zuwa 14 - 15 ° С da dare. Jiki tare da supermeterminant ko irin nau'in girma, kamar Druzhok, Yarilo, Semko-Sinbad, Blagovest, Scorpio, Verlioka, Semko-98, Funtik, Bincike, Gondola, Gina, suna taka rawa sosai wajen samun girbin farko.

Abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su:

• Encyclopedia of lambu da kuma lambu - O.A. Ganichkina, A.V. Ganichkin