Santolina (Santolina) wakili ne mai ƙyalli wanda ke wakiltar dangin Astrovidae, ko Compositae. A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, ana iya samun irin wannan shuka a kudancin Turai. Dangane da bayanan da aka karɓa daga kafofin daban-daban, wannan halittar tana haɗuwa daga 5 zuwa 24. Wannan tsire-tsire ne sosai, saboda wanda aka horar da shi a gonar da kuma a gida. A cikin wasu nau'in, ana amfani da ganye azaman kari mai yaji, kuma ana amfani dashi azaman kwari.
Santolin fasali
Tsawon Santolin ya bambanta daga mita 0.1 zuwa 0.6. A farfajiyar feathery ko mai sauƙi (a wasu lokuta mai tsayi) faranti takardar akwai fenti mai haske launin toka mai launi. Farin mai tushe mai tsayi sama da tsinkayyar sarin 10-25 santimita, a sashinsu na sama akwai furanni da aka tattara cikin rawaya ko farar inflorescences mai girma a cikin sifar, ya kai kusan milimita 20 a fadin. Abubuwan inflorescences da ciyawar wannan tsire-tsire masu ƙanshi ne, tun yana da mahimmin mai. Ana lura da yawo daga watan Yuni zuwa Agusta. Wannan al'ada, wacce ke da ado sosai, ana girma ne a kan gangara, gadaje tsakani, har ma a cikin lambuna masu dutse.
Santolina saukowa a cikin ƙasa bude
Wani lokaci don shuka
Don dasa santolina, ana bada shawara don zaɓar yankin waje mai kyau wanda yake da kariyar iska. Lokacin da girma a cikin wani wuri mai inuwa, bushes ɗin sun zama elongated, sun rasa siffar su, suna kama da sako-sako da kuma m. Suitableasar da ta dace da shuka ya kamata ya bushe a ɗan lokaci, kuma ya ba da damar ruwa da iska su ƙetare sosai. Idan an lura da tururuwar danshi a cikin ƙasa, to, bushes ɗin zai mutu da sauri. Sabili da haka, ƙasa mai laushi na ƙasa don santolina mai girma bai dace ba. A kan kasa sparse, fure wannan shuka shine mafi girma. Idan aka yi girma a kan ƙasa mai daɗi, daji zai yi girma sosai, amma zai yi fure mai zurfi. Mafi kyau don haɓaka wannan amfanin gona ya dace ya zama tsaka tsaki dutse ko ƙasa mai yashi. Ya kamata kuma a lura cewa ruwan karkashin kasa akan shafin ya kamata ya faɗi sosai da zurfi.
Kafin shiga, ƙasa a zaɓaɓɓen dole ne a haƙa. Idan ƙasa tana da nauyi, to, a lokacin tono, yakamata a ƙara saka dutse ko yashi mai kyau a ciki, wanda zai haɓaka gurɓataccen ruwan.
Santolina yana girma ta hanyar shuka. Shuka da tsaba ne da za'ayi a cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Fabrairu ko na farko - a watan Maris. Koyaya, kafin fara shuka, ana buƙatar daidaita ƙwayoyin, saboda wannan an sanya su a kan shiryayye na firiji wanda aka tsara don kayan lambu, inda ya kamata a barsu don makonni 4-8.
Mulkin saukowa
Shuka da tsaba ne da za'ayi a cikin kwalaye cike da haske, dan kadan m cakuda. Amfanin gona daga sama ya kamata a rufe shi da fim, sannan a tsabtace shi a cikin wurin mai dumin rai. Yaron farko ya kamata ya bayyana kwanaki 15-20 bayan da aka shuka. Seedlings bukatar samar da daidai wannan kulawa kamar yadda seedlings sauran tsire-tsire. Ana ɗaukar tsirrai bayan farantin ganye na biyu na uku ko na uku sun fara gudana a cikinsu, don wannan amfani da tukwane na peat-humus ko tabarau. Bayan shuka ya yi ƙarfi, suna buƙatar a taurare, sannan a watsa shi cikin ƙasa bude, suna yin wannan a ƙarshen kwanakin Mayu ko na farko - a watan Yuni. Ana yin ƙasa a ranar ruwa ko da yamma bayan faɗuwar rana. Girman dasa ramuka yakamata ya zama sun dace da tushen tsarin tsirrai, wanda aka ɗauka tare da ƙwanƙwasa ƙasa. Ya kamata a shayar da tsire-tsire masu shuka ta amfani da ruwa kaɗan. Bayan danshi a cikin ƙasa, duk voids ya ɓace.
Santolin Kula a cikin Lambun
Don girma santolina a cikin lambun ka mai sauƙi ne. Don yin wannan, bushes bukatar samar da dace matsakaici watering, loosening farfajiya na duniya kusa da tsire-tsire, cire ciyawa ciyawa, ciyar, tsinkaye ƙloƙasassu inflorescences, da kuma shirya tsire-tsire na hunturu a lokaci.
Yadda ake ruwa da ciyarwa
Watering yakamata ya zama na tsari da matsakaici. Irin wannan shuka yana tsayayya da fari. Idan tayi ruwa a kai a kai a lokacin bazara, sannan bushes ɗin zai iya yin ban da ruwa. Koyaya, yayin tsawon lokacin bushewa, zasu buƙaci aikin shayarwa. Idan mai tushe na wannan shuka ya zama launin rawaya a tsakiyar lokacin bazara, to wannan shurewar danshi a cikin tushen shine ya zargi. Don gyara wannan, ba kwa buƙatar shayar da furanni na ɗan lokaci. Ya kamata kuma a lura cewa ya kamata a yi ruwa ne kawai idan saman Layer na ƙasa ya bushe sosai.
Ciyar da santolina ana aiwatar dashi yayin girma 1 lokaci cikin kwanaki 7. Gabatarwar wani bayani na takin mai ma'adinai tare da karamin adadin nitrogen yana farawa a cikin bazara bayan farawa daga m bushes. A watan Agusta, ya zama dole a daina hadar da kasar gona. Maganin abinci mai gina jiki yakamata ya zama mai da hankali sosai, tunda kasancewar yawancin adadin abubuwan gina jiki a cikin ƙasa yana da mummunar tasiri akan fure.
Yadda ake yaduwa da juyawa
Idan ka girma santolina a wuri guda ba tare da canje-canje ba, to lalacewarsa ta fara. A wannan batun, ana buƙatar dasawa zuwa bushes kowane 5 ko shekaru 6 a cikin bazara. A lokacin juyawa, rabo daga daji ya kamata a aiwatar.
Ya kamata a cire bushes daga ƙasa kuma ya kasu kashi, yayin da yakamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa akan kowane rabo ya kamata ya kasance mai tushe da ɓangare na rhizome. Ya kamata a yayyafa wuraren da za a yanke shi da gawayi. Delenki ya dasa a cikin rami na dasa shuki, wanda ya kamata a shirya shi gaba. An binne su a cikin ƙasa zuwa wurin da sa alama na kara fara. A cikin kaka, ana bada shawara cewa bushes suyi tsayi, saboda a lokacin dasawa, rassan matasa sun kirkiro a daji.
Hakanan za'a iya yada irin wannan al'adar ta hanyar yanka. Ana girbi girbin su a cikin Maris, don wannan dalili, ya kamata a yanke harbe harbe na wannan shekara daga daji. Wuraren yanka an narkar da su a cikin mafita na wakili wanda ke ƙarfafa samuwar Tushen, bayan da aka dasa filayen a cikin yashi, an rufe su da wani fim a saman. Bayan haɓaka fararen ganye na fararen ganye a fararen, za su buƙaci a dasa su a cikin kwantena. Har sai Yuni, dole ne su girma su sami ƙarfi, bayan wannan ana dasa su a cikin dindindin.
Cin nasara
Lokacin da shuka ya gama fure a watan Agusta, mai tushe zai buƙaci a rage shi da 2/3 na tsawon. Godiya ga wannan, siffar daji zai kasance cikin tsari kuma bazai faɗi baya ba. Lokacin da aka bunkasa wannan al'ada a matsayin tsintsiyar ganye ko kuma tsiro mai ƙoshin tsire-tsire, to lallai ne a yanke saɓin bayanan ta kafin su bushe. Santolin yana da ƙananan juriya ga sanyi kuma ana iya kashe shi lokacin da aka girma a tsakiyar latitude a cikin lokacin sanyi. Don guje wa wannan, dole ne a rufe bushes ɗin. Don yin wannan, dole ne a rufe su da akwatin katako na babban girman, wanda aka rufe da spanbond, kayan rufi, lutrasil ko fim. Dole ne a rufe abu mai rufewa da wani abu mai nauyi, alal misali, tubalin in ba haka ba iska zai kwashe shi. Koyaya, kafin sanya akwatin, saman ƙasa kusa da daji an rufe shi da Layer na needles, rassan spruce ko yashi hade da itace ash. A cikin bazara, ana buƙatar cire mafaka, kuma bayan murfin dusar ƙanƙara ya narke, an rufe saman shafin da takin ciyawa. Wasu lambu don hunturu suna cire Santolin daga ƙasa kuma dasa shi a cikin tukunya, wanda suka sa a cikin dakin sanyi. A cikin bazara an sake dasa ta a gonar.
Cutar da kwari
Santolin yana da tsayayya da cututtuka da kwari. Koyaya, idan an lura da tururuwar ruwa a cikin ƙasa, wannan zai haifar da jujjuyawar ya bayyana akan tsarin tushen. A cikin yanayin yayin da harbe suka yi launin rawaya kafin lokacin, zaka iya tabbata cewa wannan ya faru ne saboda tururuwar ruwa a cikin ƙasa. Dole a zubar da busassun tare da maganin shirye-shiryen fungicidal, to ba za a shayar da su na wani lokaci ba. Bayan wani lokaci, tsire-tsire za su sake zama kyakkyawa da lafiya.
Idan bushes yayi girma a wuri mai inuwa, wannan na iya haifar da matsaloli tare da su. Duk da cewa wannan al'adar tana tsayayya da fari, har yanzu tana buƙatar sanyaya ta cikin tsari, in ba haka ba tana iya mutuwa a busasshiyar ƙasa.
Iri da nau'ikan santolini tare da hotuna da sunaye
'Yan lambu suna noma nau'ikan santolina 5 ko 6, kowannensu yana da nasa rashi da fa'ida.
Santolina Nepolitan (Santolina mafipolitana)
Wannan nau'in shine mafi tsananin ƙarfi, tsayin daji na iya kaiwa zuwa santimita ɗari. Wannan nau'in yana da nau'ikan nau'ikan Pritti Carol da Weston, waɗanda a cikin tsawo sun kai santimita 16 kawai. Inflorescences suna da sifa mai sihiri da launin shuɗi. Suna da ban sha'awa a kan kore mai rafi na farantin ganye. Tun da wannan nau'in thermophilic, ana noma shi sau da yawa a cikin gidan kore mai tsayi.
Cirrus Santolina (Santolina pinnata)
Tsawon daji kusan mita 0.6. Tsawon faranti na kunkuntar kusan 40 mm. A kan dogon farji, na ciki inflorescences na cream launi flaunt.
Santolina greenish ko greenish (Santolina virens)
Wannan nau'in ana nuna shi da babban ƙarfin hali, yana da ikon yin tsayayya da ƙanƙan sanyi zuwa ramin digiri 7. Wannan nau'in, ba kamar sauran ba, yana da firinti na shimfidar wuraren buɗe launuka na launin shuɗi. Godiya ga wannan, daga nesa ana iya yin kuskure ga wata gaɓo mai santsi. A mafi yawan lokuta ganye da ƙananan harbe na wannan shuka ana amfani da su azaman kayan yaji don jita-jita. Milk-white inflorescences suna da sifar mara lafiyan.
Santolina m (Santolina elegans)
An bambanta wannan nau'in ta yanayin sa da gaskatawa zuwa yanayin zafin jiki. Koyaya, ƙaramin daɗaɗɗen daji yayi kyau sosai. Ya dace da tsarin namowa na cikin gida ko kuma a cikin yashi. A saman daji akan tsayin daka yakai girman inflorescences - kwanduna na sihiri da launi.
Santolina rosmarinifolia (Santolina rosmarinifolia)
Kayan toka, dogaye, faranti wanda aka watsa filayen suna da warin zaitun mai yaji. Ana samun mayukan mahimmanci na kowane bangare na wannan nau'in, sabili da haka, irin wannan santolina mafi yawanci ana noma shi azaman tsire-tsire mai yaji da ornamental shuka.
Santolina cypress (Santolina chamaecyparissus), ko Santorina na azurfa
Wannan nau'in ya fi shahara tsakanin 'yan lambu. Karamin daji mai kamshi da kamshi ya kai santimita 50 a tsayi. Tana da tushe mai kyau da fure mai fure. Yayin da ƙwayar ganye mai pinnate suke ƙarami, ana fentin su a cikin launi mai launin kore, wanda tsawon lokaci tare da tsufa na daji ya canza zuwa launin shuɗi. Inflorescences suna da sifa mai sihiri da launin shuɗi. Ana lura da ruwa a cikin wannan nau'in daga Yuli zuwa Agusta. Irin wannan santolina yana da ire-iren ire-iren Smol-Nels da Nana, akwai kuma Edward Bowers iri-iri, wanda fentin inflorescences ɗin yana zane a launi mai tsami.
