Penstemon shine shukar shuki ko shukar shuki-iri. Wurin haifuwar shuka shine Arewa da Amurka ta Tsakiya. Furen yana cikin dangin Clover, duk da cewa botanists na kasashen waje sun danganta shi da dangin plantain, wanda yawansu ya zarce 250.
Babban bayani
Sunan Latin na shuka, wanda aka fassara shi zuwa Rashanci, yana kama da "kusan ƙaƙƙarfa." Saboda gaskiyar cewa fure tana da madaidaiciyar madaidaicin madaidaicin sifa, tana yin nesa kusa da shinge, kuma a Ingila ana kiran shi da “harshe mai gemu”, saboda wannan yanayin.
Ga lambunanmu, wannan al'ada har yanzu tana da wuya. Amma saboda haske da kuma bayyanar saɓanin sabon abu, ya fara girma a yankinmu na canjin yanayi. Itace tayi fure a farkon Yuni kuma tayi fure biyu zuwa uku. Ba shi da wahala a shuka shi, babban abin shine a bi shawarar ƙwararrun lambu kuma sannan shuka za ta yi farin ciki da furanni masu haske a kowace bazara.
Penstemon iri da nau'ikan hotuna da sunan
Penstemon Perennial - wata ciyawa ce ta bishiyoyi masu gajeren rauni suna da madaidaiciya mai tushe da lanceolate duhu kore ganye faranti. Tsawon al'ada ya kai mita 1.2. Furanni na iya zama tubular ko kararrawa-mai-sautin hoto. An tattara su a cikin tsoro na inflorescences, suna da fari, ja, lilac, pinkish da sauran launuka. Itace tayi fure daga farko har zuwa karshen bazara.
Penstemon digitalis - al'adar ta kai tsayin mita 1. Inflorescences suna da yawa, ruwan hoda mai haske a launi. Lokacin fure na shuka ya fadi a farkon bazara kuma yana tsawan wata daya. A iri-iri ne sanyi-resistant kuma zai iya jure hunturu ba tare da dumama.
Bude Penstemon - Wannan nau'ikan yana nuna yawancin da farkon farkon fure. Tsawon daji ya kai 90 santimita. Infaƙƙarfan inflorescences suna da launi mara kyau - suna fari a ciki da ja a waje. Lokacin ruwa yana farawa a cikin watan Mayu kuma zai kasance har ƙarshen watan Yuli.
Penstemon Towers mai duhu - An dasa birin da injinan kwanan nan. An halin sanyi juriya da yalwataccen fure. Leaf faranti na maroon inuwa, lanceolate. Cikakke furanni masu ruwan hoda an tattara su a cikin tsoro inflorescences. Al'adar ta kai tsawo har zuwa santimita 70 da fure a cikin bazara.
Penstemon Carillo Red - a tsayi, al'ada ta kai santimita 60. Leaf faranti mai haske kore lanceolate. The mai tushe ne na bakin ciki, lignified. Panicle inflorescences na purple launuka. Wannan iri-iri na fure daga Yuli zuwa Oktoba.
Penstemon Hartweg
A waje, nau'in yayi kama da fure mai shinge. A tsayi, shuka ya kai har santimita 70. Inflorescences suna da yawa, ana tattara su a cikin abubuwan goge baki. Desaƙƙar launuka launuka na iya zama fari-ja, ruwan lemo, ja da shunayya. Lokacin hurawa yana daga tsakiyar lokacin bazara zuwa farkon sanyi.
Penstemon Davidson - wani ɗan gajeren ciyawa, mai tsayi har zuwa santimita 30. Leaf faranti ne matsakaici, lanceolate, kore. Inflorescences sune ƙananan inuwar Lilac. Itace tayi fure daga farkon bazara zuwa tsakiyar kaka.
Penstemon Mystic - tsirrai ya kai tsayinsa ya kai santimita 70 kuma yana da ganyen maroon da mai tushe. Inflorescences fararen fata ne, tseren tsere tare da ƙanshin mai daɗi. Al'adar fure ta fara daga Yuni zuwa karshen watan Agusta.
Penstemon Bellflower - mai tushe na shuka ya kai tsayi zuwa 90 santimita. Furannin furanni kaɗan ne, suna yin kama da agogo mai ruwan hoda-lilac hue. Takaddun faranti suna lanceolate da haske kore cikin launi. Shuka shuka daga Yuni zuwa Satumba.
Penstemon Hasker Red - tsayi herbaceous perenni ya kai santimita 70. Leaf faranti lanceolate, kore-launin ruwan kasa. Inflorescences suna da launin shuɗi, launin tsefe. Lokacin ruwa yana wucewa daga Mayu zuwa Oktoba.
Hyst Penon Hybrid
Yana da ban mamaki shekara-shekara, wanda ya kai tsayinsa har zuwa santimita 80. Fuskokin ganye suna launin kore mai duhu, lanceolate tare da ƙarewar kaifi. Furanni ƙananan, shuɗi mai launin shuɗi-haske da shunayya mai haske. Al'adar fure ta fara daga Yuni zuwa Satumba.
Penstemon da Hairy - gajere ne, mai tsayi, mai tsayi har zuwa santimita 30. Ganyayyaki masu duhu ne kore, lanceolate tare da puban tsirara. Furanni masu ƙanƙane, suna kama da kararrawa daga tsotsar dijital. Lokacin fure na shuka ya fadi a lokacin rani.
Penstemon Sensation - iri-iri an tsawanta kuma ya kai girman 45 har santimita. Ganyen yana da duhu kore mai kaifi. A inflorescences ne tserese, dogon, biyu sautin fari-shuɗi ko fari-ja. Al'adar fure ta fara daga Yuli zuwa Satumba.
Penstemon Rubra - Matsayi mai narkewa ya kai tsayinsa har zuwa santimita 70. Ganye suna duhu kore, matsakaici tare da ƙarshen nuna. Inflorescences manyan ne, fararen fuska biyu-ja, fararen-ruwan hoda da fari-burgundy. Al’adu na fure a duk lokacin rani
Penstemon Pygmy - nau'ikan bai cika da lalacewa ba, yana ɗaukar tsawo zuwa 20 santimita. A daji yana da lush, duhu kore foliage da pubescent, lanceolate ganye faranti. Inflorescences racemose kodadde lavender. Lokacin ruwa yana daga Yuni zuwa Agusta.
Penstemon Cobo
Dankin yana da manyan faranti masu launin kore mai haske tare da ƙare mai kaifi da tsayi mai tushe, wanda ya kai santimita 120. Inflorescences manyan ne, tseren tsere. Suna da fararen kaya, farare-ruwan hoda, farare-shuɗi, fari-ja da fari-mai haske.
Penstemon da Redleaf - al'adun gargajiya na zamani ya kai tsawo zuwa 70 santimita kuma yana da manyan faranti tare da nuna ƙarshen inuwar maroon. Inflorescences suna kararrawa masu launin fari, ruwan hoda, shunayya da ja. Lokacin fure na shuka ya fadi a lokacin rani.
Penstemon Alpine - gajeriyar shuka tare da faranti mai fadi, mai kunkuntar fararen siffofin zaitun mai duhu. Inflorescences suna da yawa, masu kama da kiftawa, da shuɗi launin shuɗi. Lokacin fure na penstemon ya fadi a watan Yuni kuma zai kasance har zuwa watan Satumba.
Penstemon Darkleaf - Wannan matakin na penstemon ya kai tsayi zuwa 60 santimita kuma yana da faranti na ganye tare da ƙarshen kunkuntar. Inflorescences al'adun tseren ruwan hoda-fari. Lokacin fure na shuka yana tsawan lokacin bazara.
Ice cream na Penstemon - al'adar ta kai tsawo har zuwa santimita 80 kuma yana da girman madaidaiciya mai tushe. Ganyen tsire-tsire kore ne, tare da ƙarshen ƙarshe. Furann suna da yawa, masu launin-cream tare da shunayya mai launin shuɗi da siket. Shuka shuka daga Yuni zuwa Satumba.
Penstemon - a tsayi, al'ada ta kai har zuwa santimita 30. The mai tushe suna madaidaiciya lignified tare da duhu kore lanceolate foliage. Inflorescences suna da yawa, rawaya mai haske, lushly blooming. Lokacin fure na penstemon yana daga Yuni zuwa Agusta.
Penstemon dasa shuki da kulawa a cikin bude ƙasa
Penstemon tsire-tsire ne mai ƙauna mai haske, saboda wannan dalili, ya kamata a zaɓi wani yanki don dasa shi da kyau-lit, amma ya kamata a guji zayyana. Soilasa don al'ada tana buƙatar zaɓar haske tare da kyakkyawan malalewa.
Za'a iya dasa shuki a cikin filin ƙasa azaman hanyar seedling, da iri. Don shuka seedlings, yakamata ku ɗauki akwati tare da ƙasa mai dausayi sannan ku shuka tsaba a watan Fabrairu, zurfafa su kaɗan a cikin ƙasa kuma kuyi ƙasa tare da kwalban feshin. Dole ne a yayyafa tsaba tare da gurasar soyayyen, sannan a sake sanyaya, a rufe tare da fim kuma a tsaftace a cikin wani wuri mai dumi, mai zafin rana.
A cikin makonni biyu, tsire-tsire matasa na farko zasu fara bayyana. Domin penstemon ya yi saurin girma, zazzabi a cikin greenhouse ya zama aƙalla + digiri 20, aerate sau ɗaya a rana kuma ku kula da danshi ƙasa.
Lokacin da fararen ganye na farko suka bayyana, matasa dabbobi suna buƙatar dasa shi a cikin tukwane na peat. A ƙarshen Mayu, dole ne a tura tsire-tsire zuwa ga ƙasa buɗe, tare da kula da ƙasa da magudanar ruwa a gaba. Hakanan wajibi ne don yin la'akari da gaskiyar cewa ba da daɗewa ba ana shuka tsire-tsire a gonar, daga baya za su fara yin fure.
Torenia kuma wakilin gidan Norichen ne. Ana girma idan aka bar gida ba tare da wahala ba, idan ka bi ka'idodin fasahar kere kere. Kuna iya samun duk shawarwarin da suka dace a wannan labarin.
Penstemon Watering
Furen yana buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullun, yana da mahimmanci musamman idan bazara ta bushe. Koyaya, ya zama dole a tabbatar cewa ƙasa tana da lokacin bushewa tsakanin ban ruwa.
Saboda ruwa yai tururi kuma tushen tsarin zai iya “numfasawa”, lokacin dasa shuki matasa, yakamata a kula don tabbatar da kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa a cikin hanyar yashi mai kauri ko kuma kyakkyawan yumbu da aka shimfiɗa a kasan ramin.
Don rage mita na ruwa, ciyawa ƙasa a kusa da tsire-tsire tare da takin ko bushe peat. Hakanan, bayan kowace ruwa, ƙasa tana bukatar kwance warwatse kuma za a tsage ciyawa.
Penstemon na farko
Ya kamata a zaɓi ƙasa don al'adun tare da babban acidity, abinci mai gina jiki, rijiya mai-kyau da sako-sako.
Don wannan dalili, gonar lambu tana haɗe da takin, peat, yashi ko tsakuwa mai kyau. Don cimma matakan da ake so na acidity, an ƙara gawayi a cikin ƙasa.
Penstemon dashi
Saboda kada shuka ya rasa kayan ado na kayan ado, yakamata a sake sarrafa shi kowace shekara biyar. Yawancin lokaci ana yin juyawa ne a cikin bazara, ta hanyar rarraba daji. Don wannan dalili, suna ɗaukar shuka na tsofaffi, a hankali su tono shi kuma su rarraba zuwa sassa, ƙoƙarin kada su lalata tsarin tushen.
Bayan haka, an canza delenki zuwa wani sabon lambu, ba manta game da ƙirƙirar maɓallin magudanar ruwa ba. Lokacin da aka shuka tsire-tsire, yakamata a matse ƙasa, a shayar da shi. Mayar da tsire-tsire yana ɗaukar kusan wata guda.
Taki Penstemon
Ciyarwar farko shine takin ƙasa kamar takin a ƙasa lokacin da aka dasa dabbobin dabbobi. Ana amfani da takin gargajiya a ƙarƙashin bushes sau uku a shekara.
Kafin amfanin gona na fure, gardenersan lambu da ke da gogaggen bayar da shawarar yin amfani da hadadden ma'adinan da ke haɗuwa tare da babban abun ciki. Tare da shi, zaku iya haɓaka fure kuma ku shafi halayen kayan ado na furanni.
Penstemon Bloom
Lokacin fure na shuka ya fadi a watan Yuni kuma yana iya wuce har zuwa ƙarshen bazara, kuma har sai lokacin sanyi na farko. Komai zai dogara da iri-iri. Furanni a cikin al'ada na iya kama da karrarawa ko snapdragons.
Mafi yawa, an tattara buds cikin manyan goge na farin, ruwan hoda, shuɗi, jan, shuɗi, lemo, rawaya, kuma akwai launuka iri-iri. Bayan fure, tsaba sun fara nunawa, waɗanda ake amfani dasu don yaduwar amfanin gona.
Penstemon pruning
Itace yana buƙatar kwalliyar katako kawai a ƙarshen kaka a cikin shiri don hunturu.
A lokacin girma, shi wajibi ne don cire wilted ganye, mai tushe da inflorescences, kazalika da bakin ciki fitar da overgrown shrubs.
Ana shirya Penstemon don hunturu
Wasu nau'in penstemon a cikin yankinmu na canjin yanayi suna girma kamar perennials, saboda asalinsu na kudu. Ana yanke perennials a cikin shiri don hunturu a ƙarƙashin tushe kuma an rufe shi da wani yanki na busassun ganye ko rassan spruce.
Don hana daskarar da dusar ƙanƙara a cikin bazara don kada tushen tsarin ya jiƙe, inji yana buƙatar samar da kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa lokacin dasawa da kuma cire ƙusar ƙanƙara daga wurin dasawa duk lokacin bazara lokacin da ya fara narkewa.
Penstemon iri na Girma
Hanya mafi gama gari don haifan penstemon shine a shuka wata shuka ta zuriya. Ana iya sayan tsaba a cikin shagon ko kuma a tattara su da kansa bayan an farfado.
Idan ka girma penstemon daga tsaba, to ya kamata a shuka su ko dai a cikin bazara ko a cikin bazara, lokacin da barazanar dusar ƙanƙara ta ɓace. Shuka tsaba kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa bude, yafa masa karamin Layer na ƙasa.
Wasu nau'in suna buƙatar stratification, kamar Alpine penstemon. Don yin wannan, ana iya shuka su a ƙarƙashin lokacin hunturu, a cikin Oktoba Nuwamba-Nuwamba, a cikin ƙasa buɗe, amma ya fi dogara ga shuka a cikin kwantena, da aka yayyafa shi da yashi ko ƙasa a saman.
Ana riƙe akwati tare da tsaba da aka shuka har na tsawon makonni uku a cikin ɗaki a zazzabi, tsaba suna zube a cikin ƙasa mai laushi da zafi. Sannan suka rufe akwati da lutrasil guda ɗaya suka kai ta gonar.
Ya kamata a tsayar da Lutrasil a cikin akwati a kowace hanya da ta dace, alal misali, an ɗaure shi a kusa da tukunya tare da ƙugiyar roba, in ba haka ba za a busa shi - wannan tsari ana yin shi ne don tumbin ciyayi su shiga cikin kwandon da aka shuka iri tare da iska.
An bar kwandon a gonar na akalla watanni biyu, inda a cikin lokacin sanyi suke shan wahala ta dabi'a. Idan akwai dusar ƙanƙara a ƙasa, cire kwandon da aka cire an rufe shi baki ɗaya - narke ruwa mai dusar ƙanƙara yana da tasiri mai amfani ga ƙwayar shuka.
A cikin bazara, an kawo farantin amfanin gona a cikin kore ko ɗakin don shuka. Farkon harbe na iya bayyana a cikin kwanaki goma. Wasu daga cikin tsaba Bloom kamar yadda a farkon shekarar da shuka.
Penstemon yaduwa ta hanyar yankan
Don samun kayan dasa, yanke harbe akan babu furanni. Sa'an nan kuma dole ne a bi da su tare da stimulator na tushen samuwar kuma sanya shi cikin ƙasa mai laushi a kan yankin da aka lullube gado, ya rufe rabin kwalban filastik.
Bayan an kafa tushen, ana iya dasa shukar a wani wuri na ci gaba.
Penstemon yaduwa ta hanyar farashi
Saƙa da nau'ikan wea daɗaɗɗun sun dace don dasa tushen ta hanyar saka filayen. A saboda wannan dalili, yakamata a harba ƙura a ƙasa kuma yafa masa ƙasa.
Bayan wata daya, Tushen zai bayyana a kan farfajiyar sannan zai buƙaci a rabu, a haƙa shi daga ƙasa kuma a dasa shi cikin rami da aka shirya.
Penstemon yaduwa ta hanyar rarraba daji
Ana amfani da wannan hanyar haihuwa yayin dasawa. Don samun kayan dasawa, yakamata a shuka tsiron, ya zama tushen tsabtace ƙasa kuma an raba daji zuwa sassa da yawa. Sa'an nan kowane ragi ya kamata a dasa shi a cikin rami daban a wani wuri na ci gaba.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa waɗancan tsirrai waɗanda kawai sunada shekaru uku sun dace don yaduwa ta hanyar rarraba daji. Idan ka rarrabu a baya, za su mutu.
Rarraba don dalilin sakewa ana yin su ne a kowace shekara biyar. Ya kamata ka ƙi ƙi da hanya, kamar yadda al'adar fara tsufa, daina samar da sabon harbe, don Bloom, kuma a sakamakon hasarar adorativeness.
Cutar da kwari
Mafi sau da yawa, lokacin girma da wannan amfanin gona, yan lambu suna haɗuwa bushewa fi na penstemon. Idan an gano irin wannan matsalar, yanke farjin a ƙarƙashin tushe. Rashin ɗaukar irin wannan matakin na tsattsauran ra'ayi zai haifar da mutuwar shuka. Bayan gyarawa, zai hanzarta murmurewa tare da sakin sabon harbe.
Tare da babban ambaliya na ƙasa da tururuwar ruwa a cikin tushen tsarin, m launin toka tasowa, wanda ke sa kanta jiyo wilting shuka mai tushe. Don adana penstemon, yana da mahimmanci don kwance ƙasa da ruwa al'adar tare da maganin maganin kashe guba.
Tun da shuka ba shi da ban sha'awa ga kwari, mamaye ba za su iya jin tsoro ba.
Kammalawa
Shuka shuka ba shi da wahala. Ko da fararen lambu zai iya jure wannan aikin. Al'adarmu tana da matsakaiciyar akida, yana da sauki mu iya yaduwa kuma tana iya samun nasarar girma a yankin mu.
Dalilin haka ne cewa kowane ɗan lambu da ke son kyawawan tsire-tsire masu haske, mai haske da baƙon abu ne kawai ya zama tilas a sami akalla kwafin alkalami a cikin lambunsa.
