Furen Edelweiss na gidan Asters ne ko Asteraceae. A vivo yana girma a cikin Carpathians da Alps. A kan ƙasar Rasha za ta yi girma a tsibirin Sakhalin da Moneron. A can ya girma a cikin gundumar Usuri da Udsky. Edelweiss shima yayi girma a cikin Altai da Siberia.
Asalin suna
Masana ilimin kimiyyar halittu suna kiransa da zakin zaki. To yaya lamarin yake cikakken fassarar daga harshen Helenanci. Ana kiranta saboda haka yana da bayyanar sabon abu. Yana kama da toho.
Faransawa suna kiranta tauraro mai tsayi, da kuma Italiyanci azaman furanni na azkar. Hakanan yana da wasu sunaye, alal misali, mazaunin duwatsun Carpathian suna kira shi da siliki.
Bayyanar fure
Dangane da bayanin, furannin suna kama da kananan taurari waɗanda ke rufe ƙofofin dutsen a lokacin furanninsu. Su farare ne ko rawaya mai laushi. Daga nesa yayi kyau sosai.
Kyawun fure shine cewa baya faruwa a kowane matakiBayanin Botanical
Edelweiss ya girma kamar herbaceous perennial. Furanni masu furen fari, farar fata ne mai kauri sosai. An kewaye su da kunkuntar ganye, a cikin abin da ƙananan an rufe da murfin karammiski.
Sauran gefen takardar mai laushi ne, azurfa ko kore. Itace tana da hadaddun inflorescences, wanda ya ƙunshi kwanduna da yawa. Motsa jiki ba ya wuce tsawo na 25 cm, kuma nisa ba fiye da 22 cm ba.
Fulawa yawanci yakan faru ne a farkon shekarun Yuli. Tsawon lokacin fure yana daga kwanaki 20 zuwa 25.
Iri-fure iri-iri
Yawancin Ra'ayoyi
Zuwa shahararrun nau'ikan sun hada da:
- Edelweiss Alpine
- Edelweiss dansani
- Edelweiss biyu-sautin
- Edelweiss Turanci
- Edelweiss dwarf
- Edelweiss Siberian
- Edelweiss kodadde launin rawaya
Alpine
Wannan nau'in yana daya daga cikin abubuwan da aka fi sani. Ya girma a cikin vivo inda ya faru a cikin tsaunukaa kan m gangara. A cikin tsayi ya kai daga 18 zuwa 25 cm. Furanni a cikin kwanduna waɗanda ke samar da garkuwa.
Matsayi na yawancin nau'ikan da aka fi sani ba shine det kyau daga kyawun fureTsire-tsire suna haifarwa ta hanyar rarraba rhizome. Mafi kyawun lokacin kiwo shine a cikin bazara ko watanni. Yana tono daga ƙarshen bazara zuwa farkon faɗuwa.
Kuril
Ofaya daga cikin jinsunan da aka girma a cikin lambu shine Kuril edelweiss. Yana da tushe mai madaidaiciya, wanda zai iya girma har zuwa 15 cm tsayi .. nau'in ganye na Lanceolate. Suna da talla a ko'ina.
Ganyayyaki, tarawa suna haifar da tauraro, diamita wanda ya kai cm 6. Lambun dutse yana ba da kyau na musamman.
Gudun ruwa ya zo a farkon Yuli, kuma a watannin Satumba ya fara yin 'ya'ya.
Kodadde rawaya
Edelweiss kodadde launin rawaya shine ɗayan mafi girma. Tsawonta na iya kaiwa ga cm 35. Mai tsayi sau da yawa suna girma shi kaɗai, amma kuma ana iya samun sa tare da biyu ko uku mai tushe.
Ana samun wannan iri-iri a cikin yanayin Lake BaikalBar daga biyu zuwa cm 8. An rufe su da jijiyoyin buguwa. Canza launi yawanci launin rawaya ne.
Aikace-aikacen Shuka
Cosmetology
Dankin ya karɓi amfani na musamman don dafa abinci kayan shafawa.
An yaba da tsire sosai saboda ƙimar da take dashi na magance cututtukan fata. Mafi yawan amfani da karin 'yan kwalliya. Don samun tsamewa, ana amfani da sassan iska, ana amfani da giya da glycerol.
Launi da cirewar shine yawanci orange ko duhu. Matsakaicin hular da yake ƙanshin baya ƙanshi. Samun kaddarorin masu mahimmanci, ana amfani dashi azaman maganin antioxidant, maganin antiseptik kuma azaman wakili na sake farfadowa. Hakanan yana hana tsufa fata kuma ana amfani dashi don kawar da cututtukan fungal.
Daga gareta sai a sami cream, serum, ana amfani dashi don gyaran sel da kyallen fata.
Tsarin shimfidar wuri
Ainihin amfani da shi don dasa shuki a cikin sassan ɓangarorin dutse na lambun. Hakanan shuka yana da kyau a cikin samuwar ƙaraffiyar iyaka. Ana amfani da Edelweiss don yankan. Yana ba da kyakkyawa ta musamman a cikin busasshen furanni.
Wani sabon abu kallo ya tabbatar da amfani da wadannan launuka a zanen filiDon yin wannan, yanke lokacin da launinta ya cika daidai. Sannan ya bushe da kai. Lokacin bushewa, baya asara girmanta kuma yana riƙe kyawawan halayenta na dogon lokaci.
Tarihin edelweiss
Labarun magabata suna nuna hakan almara na shuka mai ban mamaki an haɗa shi da kyakkyawa mai kyau da kuma yariman ƙauyen. Suna da'awar cewa wata ruwa ta rayu a cikin Alps, kuma hawayenta sun haifar da wannan kyakkyawan fure. Sanadin zubar da hawaye shine soyayya da ba a gano ta ba. Tana ƙaunar ɗan ƙaramin yaro wanda ba ya nisa a ƙauyen.
Tun da yaron yaron kusan ba shi cikin waɗannan duwatsun ba, har ma ya iya yin tunanin cewa a can, a daidai lokacin da dutsen yake, rayuwa kyakkyawa ce kuma mai sihiri. Ba shi yiwuwa ga labarin ya gangara zuwa gindin, kuma daga wahala sai ta zubar da hawayen sihiri wanda furanni Edelweiss kyawawan furanni suka girma.
Dutsen Edelweiss
Baya ga fure, akwai wani tsauni guda sunan. Tsawonta shine mita 6000. Tana cikin tsaunukan Tien Shan kusa da dutsen Tengri-Tag. Wannan shi ne kan iyakar Kyrgyzstan da Kazakhstan.
Ko da a kan hanyoyin yawon shakatawa ta hanyar layin dutse zaka iya samun wannan sunan.A mafi yawan bayanan, ba a sami komai ba game da daidaiton sunan dutsen da sunan fure.
Siffofin kulawar gida
Yawancin lambu da masoya a zahiri kada ku yi girma edelweiss a cikin gida. Tunda sun yi imani da cewa wannan mawuyacin abu ne. Hujjar namo ita ce amfani da ita a sassan dutse, hotunan hotunan da za a iya gani a kowane shafi da aka sadaukar da su don tsara shimfidar wurare.
Dankin yana da kyau idan aka hade shi da wasu furanni. Ya fi son wuraren da ke da rana, saboda haka wannan matakin yana daya daga cikin manyan abubuwanda ake zabar wurin zama.
Furen ba ya yarda da sanya ruwa na ƙasa da tsabtace ruwa. Tushen tsarin bai dace da irin wannan yanayin rayuwa ba. Tushen adnexal nan da nan za su rasa ƙarfinsu kuma su fara shaƙa. Sakamakon haka, shuka ya fara drooping da mutuwa.
Soilasar dole ne ta zama liming. Hakanan, dole ne a saka ƙaramin yashi a cikin cakuda ƙasa don ƙasa ta sako kuma ya ba da izinin adadin oxygen ɗin don wucewa.
A cikin lokacin dumi, zaɓi kwanakin zafi don shayarwa, mai wuya har ma ga mutumTun da fure kusan baya jure rikodin ruwa, yakamata a shayar dashi. Watering ne yake aikata a yanayin zafi sosai da kuma bushe kwana.
Don furen don jin dadi, kuna buƙatar cire farfajiyar da ta riga ta lalace. Anyi wannan ne saboda dalilai da yawa:
| Don me cire ciyawar fure | |
| Dalilin halitta ne | bazai kashe kuzari a kan fitar iri ba kuma zai samar da sabon furanni |
| Dalilin shine ado | shuka mai bushe da tsirran fure ya rasa sakamako mai kyau |
Zazzabi don Edelweiss yakamata yayi tsayi sosai. Wannan ya zama dole don ƙirƙirar microclimate bushe.
Danshi yakamata yai kadan. Amma kuma zuwa dakin daga kashi 60 zuwa 70 cikin dari.
Wani muhimmin yanayi don haɓakar al'ada da haɓakawa na Edelweiss shine ɗakin da ake samun iska mai kyau, haka kuma isashshen sunadarin oxygen zuwa tushen tsirrai. Sabili da haka, idan yana yiwuwa a kwashe fure zuwa baranda ko loggia, wannan ya kamata a yi.
Saboda haka, shuka za ta kara girma kuma zata gamsu da yalwar fure.
Siffofin kulawa a gonar
Tare da kulawa da ta dace, furen zai yi girma har ma da tsaunuka.
Bayan ruwan sama, ana iya jinkirta ruwa kusan kusan wata gudaBai kamata a sake dasa shuka ba musamman ambaliyar ruwa. Ya kamata a shayar da shi matsakaici, mafi yawan lokuta ana buƙatar yin shi a ranakun zafi da bushewa, lokacin da ƙasa ta fara bushewa.
Idan ruwan sama mai nauyi ya wuce, to a wannan yanayin ba a shayar da fure tsawon wata guda.
Don hana shigar da ruwa, mafi yawan lokuta Edelweiss dasa a kan tudu da nunin faifai.
Ciyar da Edelweiss ba a amfani da shi ba. Ba ya son takin gargajiya ko na ma'adinai. Babu dalilin da ya kamata ku ciyar da shuka humus.
Ana iya amfani da ƙaramin adadin takin kawai idan furen ya ɗanyi sanyi kaɗan kuma yana buƙatar abubuwan gina jiki don dawo da haɓaka da haɓaka.
Yana son ƙasa mai laushi, kuma yana farkawa a cikin dusar ƙanƙara. Sabili da haka, in ya yiwu, to kuna buƙatar jefa ƙarin dusar ƙanƙara a kan tsire-tsire na bara.
Mulching - kan aiwatar da shafi kasar gona tare da m Layer na kayan daban-dabanIdan a cikin hunturu ba ku da dusar ƙanƙara, to lallai ya zama dole ciyawa, kuma tare da fara kwanakin bazara don cire tsari.
Juyawa
Dasawa shuka ba zai zama da wahala musamman ba.
Edelweiss yana da tsaran tsari mai tsayi, don haka kuna buƙatar tono ramuka masu zurfi. Hakanan, lokacin dasawa, kar a lalata tushen. Idan aka sake dasa wata shuka, sai a gyara asalin.
Bayan an dasa shuka, ya zama dole moisten kasar gona kadan. Don bincika ko shuka ya sami kyakkyawan dasawa, kuna buƙatar duba kadan. Idan komai ya tafi daidai, to kuwa harbe-harbe zai fara girma daga tushe. A shekara mai zuwa, furen zai iya faranta furen sa.
Kiwo
Itacen Edelweiss ya yadu a cikin kayan halitta da ciyayi.
Hanyar haihuwa: girma daga tsaba
Ya ƙunshi a cikin haihuwa ta amfani da tsaba. Tsaba kadan ne sabili da haka, lokacin da aka shuka shi, suna buƙatar haɗe shi da yashi. Shuka ya kamata bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke cikin ƙasa.
A gida, kuna buƙatar shuka a cikin kofuna waɗanda ko wasu kwantena masu dacewa. Bayan shuka, kasar gona dole ne a sanyaya kuma rufe tare da m jakar.
Harbi yakan bayyana ne a ranar goma ga sha huɗu. Ruwa tare da bindiga da aka fesa, kamar yadda seedlingsannan ƙanana ke da ƙanana da bakin ciki. Shuka tsire-tsire a cikin shekaru na farko ko na biyu na Yuni.
Lokacin da aka yada shi ta hanyar tsaba, Edelweiss baya riƙe da halayen halittunsa. Dole ne a yi la’akari da wannan yayin yada shi.
Hanyar Kayan lambu
Tare da yaduwar ciyayi, ana iya yaduwar fure raba dajiidan daji ya balaga. Zai fi kyau yin wannan a watan Afrilu da Mayu, kuma da kaka a cikin shekarun farko na Satumba. Saboda haka, wasu tsirrai na lambu sun ninka. Don haka, mun yi magana game da yadda ake shuka hydrangea ta hanyar rarraba daji.
Hakanan, ana iya yaduwar shuka yanke. Mafi kyawun lokacin shine Yuni. Don yin wannan, yanke sashin sama na shuka na bara kuma dasa shi a cikin ƙasa mai laima. Wajibi ne a lura da nisan da ke tsakanin juna.
Rigar ƙasa da farkon lokacin rani - mabuɗin don ingantaccen cuttingsKimanin santimita 8 - 16 tsakanin tsintsin. Lokacin da yankan suka haifar da tushen tushen, Edelweiss zai fara haɓakawa da sauri kuma zai yi kama da shuka mai girma girma. Amma fure zai zo kawai shekara mai zuwa.
Kasancewa ga ka'idoji masu sauƙi don kulawa da Edelweiss, ana iya samun sauƙin girma akan ƙirar mutum. Furen fure mai ban tsoro tare da launi mai ban mamaki koyaushe zai farantawa idanun dangi da kuma wucewa mutane kawai.
