Ganyen tsiro mai tsiro na Calfha (Caltha) wakili ne na dangin Ranunculaceae. Wannan Halittar ya haɗu da kusan nau'ikan 40. Sunan kimiyya na wannan kwayoyin sun fito ne daga kalmar Helenanci, a fassarar tana nufin "kwando" ko "tasa", wannan ya faru ne saboda siffar fure. Sunan Rasha na wannan fure ya fito daga tsohuwar kalmar "Kaluga", wanda ke fassara a matsayin "fadama" ko "murda". A cikin mutane, wannan furanni ana kuma kiranta maciji ruwa da kuma shimfidar murfin katako. Mafi mashahuri nau'in halitta a cikin lambu shine marsh marsh. A cikin daji, ana iya samun wannan nau'in a cikin Mongolia, a cikin tsaunukan ƙasa na Indiya, a Arewacin Amurka, Japan, kuma kusan ko'ina cikin Turai, ban da yankuna na kudanci.
Siffofin Kaluga
Marsh Kaluga an shuka shi azaman shuka na ornamental. Wannan nau'in yana da siffofin lambu 2. Theauren ganye mai launin tsirara, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya daidaita (sama ko sama), ƙasa da sauƙin kwance. Tsawon tsirrai ya bambanta daga 0.03 zuwa 0.4 m. Tushen suna da siffar igiya, ana tattara su cikin tarin. Abunda ake kasancewa a kullun cikakke launuka masu launin fenti mai launin shuɗi mai duhu na iya zama mai kamannin koda ko ƙirar zuciya, gefen su birni ne ko yatsa. Faranti na farantin karfe, wanda ya kai 0.2 m a fadin, yana da tsattsauran tsayi mai laushi da tsayi. Fusoshin ganye na kwari suna sessile. Tsarin farfajiya yana girma a cikin sinus na ganye na sama, kuma wannan yana faruwa a watan Afrilu ko Mayu. Kimanin furanni 7 na rawaya, ruwan lemo ko launin zinare suna girma a kansu, a cikin zaƙi sun kai cm 0 cm Corolla ya ƙunshi ganye na 5, wanda tsayinsa yakai kusan cm 2.5. fruitan itace shine ganye mai ganye mai yawa. Yawan ganye-kwatancen yayi daidai da adadin pistils; a cikin fure ɗaya, akwai guda 2 zuwa 12. Kimanin tsaba 10 masu launin launuka iri-iri masu duhu a cikin ganye ɗaya. Akwai karamin adadin guba a kowane ɗayan ɓangaren ɓarna.
Noma waje na calendula
Saukowa
Don dasa shuki, an bada shawara don zaɓar rigar da wuraren budewa. Hakanan za'a iya dasa shi a cikin wani wuri mai inuwa a ƙarƙashin bishiyar itace mai rauni, duk da haka, ya kamata a lura cewa yayin furanni yakamata ya sami isasshen haske. Forasa don dasa shuki tana da fa'ida. Ana iya dasa Kaluga a cikin busasshiyar ƙasa, amma a wannan yanayin dole ne a shayar da shi akai-akai. Lingsalingsan itace suna buƙatar dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa buɗe a farkon kaka ko makonnin bazara, ya kamata a lura da nisa daga 0.3 m a tsakanin su.Idan aka dasa furanni, ya kamata a shayar dasu sosai, kuma dole ne a girgiza bushes daga gefen kudu har sai sun sami tushe da daidaita da sabon wuri.
Kulawa da Kaluga a gonar
Kaluzhnitsa yana da tsayayya da sanyi da rashin fassara. Babban abin kula da ita shine shayarwa. Yakamata ya zama mai tsari da wadatar, yayin da yakamata a ɗauka a zuciya cewa ƙasa akan rukunin yanar gizon ya kamata a ɗan taɓa ɗan taushi sosai. A saman duniya a kusa da bushes dole ne a tsare loosened, da kuma dace weeding dole ne a yi. Dankin yana buƙatar suttukan 2 ko 3 na kaka a lokacin kakar, saboda wannan suna amfani da takin ma'adinai mai rikitarwa. Sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 3 ko 4, ana yin juji sau ɗaya, lokacin da aka raba tushen sa. Haƙiƙar ita ce cewa wannan tsire-tsire yana da ikon girma cikin sauri a tsawon shekaru, saboda abin da yake asarar bayyanar da kyan gani.
Sake bugun
Don haɓakar wannan al'ada ta amfani da tsaba, kalar farashi, har yanzu zaka iya raba daji. A kaluga, tushen tsarin yana sararin samaniya, a wannan batun, cire daji daga ƙasa abu ne mai sauki. Yi wannan a farkon lokacin bazara ko a farkon makonnin kaka. Dole ne a raba daji da aka haƙa zuwa sassa da yawa, watse shi da hannuwanku, wannan abu ne mai sauƙi. Bayan an raba daji, ana dasa delenki a wuri mai ɗorewa, yayin da dole ne a shirya dasa shukie ko tsagi a gaba. Ya kamata a lura da nisan 0.3-0.35 m tsakanin gandun daji.Ya dasa dasa delenki ya kamata a shayar da kyau. Hakanan ana girgiza su a karo na farko daga rana daga kudu.
Yaduwa ta hanyar farawa
Don yada wannan fure ta hanyar sanya filayen, kuna buƙatar sanya harbe-harbe a saman ƙasa, kuma lokacin da aka gyara su, suna yayyafa su tare da ƙasa mai gina jiki. A lokacin kakar, layering yana buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullun da kuma kayan miya, da kuma tsire-tsire. Tare da farko na lokacin bazara, zai zama dole don yanke kananan rosettes tare da tushen da aka kafa akan yadudduka. Bayan haka suna buƙatar sauko dasu a cikin dindindin.
Tsarin iri
Hanyar zuriyar ba ta da mashahuri sosai, tunda da sauri ƙwayar ta zama ta zama dole. Yana da sauƙin samun wannan shuka a cikin gandun daji da kuma dasawa ga gonar lambun ku. Koyaya, a gaban sabo ne, zaku iya ƙoƙarin haɓakar calendula daga gare ta. Ana shuka tsaba nan da nan bayan an girbe su, a matsayin mai mulkin, wannan lokacin ya faɗi a watan Yuni, kuma ya kamata seedlings ya bayyana a ƙarshen lokacin bazara. Idan an yi shuka shuka lokacin hunturu, to ya kamata a yi tsammanin seedlings kawai lokacin bazara mai zuwa. A cikin bazara, ana shuka tsaba a cikin akwati ko akwati, bayan haka amfanin gona zai buƙaci a daidaita shi a matakai. Don yin wannan, ana sa su don makonni huɗu a zazzabi na 10, bayan wannan an sanya su don makonni 8 a wuri mai zafi (daga digiri 18 zuwa 20). Lokacin da mataki na ƙarshe ya ƙare, 'ya'yan fari na farko ya kamata su bayyana. Shuke da ƙarfi seedlings suna dasa cikin ƙasa bude. An fara ganin farkon fure a cikin irin wannan bushes ne kawai a shekara ta biyu ko ta uku na girma.
Cutar da kwari
Wannan inji yana da matukar juriya ga cututtuka da kwari iri daban-daban. Idan an kula da shuka yadda yakamata kuma ta bi ƙa'idodin fasahar kere kere ta wannan amfanin gona, to bai kamata ta haifar da matsala ga mai lambu ba. Ya kamata a biya musamman da ruwa don shayarwa. Idan bushes bai karɓi adadin da ya dace na ruwa ba, to, za su fara so.
Iri da nau'ikan kaluzhnitsa tare da hotuna da sunaye
Marsh marigold (Caltha palustris)
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, mafi mashahuri a cikin lambu shine nau'in bogi (Caltha palustris). Hakanan za'a iya samun cikakken bayanin wannan nau'in a farkon labarin. Wannan nau'in yana da siffofin lambu 2 kawai, furanni sun ninka biyu, kuma suna da launin shuɗi da fari. Commonlyarancin da ake yawan samu, yan lambu suna girke sauran nau'ikan kaluzhnitsa, misali:
Duoden Kaluzhnitsa (Сaltha fistulosa)
Wannan nau'in ana daukar Sakhalin-Arewa na Jafananci mai ban sha'awa. Yana daya daga cikin mafi girman nau'ikan nau'ikan marigold. Shootswanninta masu tonon silili, manyan lamuran kauri da kauri, lokacin da tsintsiyar tsirrai kaɗai, tsayinsa yakai mita 0.2. Koyaya, a lokacin 'ya'yan itace na yin' ya'yan itace, zasu iya samun kusan mil mita 1.2. Fata fararen fata da kuma fararen fararen ganye faranti suna da tsawon tsayi petioles. A abun da ke ciki na sako-sako da inflorescence ya hada da manyan rawaya furanni, a diamita kai 70 millimeters. Massively, wannan nau'in blooms a cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Mayu.
Abubuwan da ke cikin gida mai ɗimbin yawa (Caltha polypetala = Caltha orthorhyncha)
Nativeasar asalin wannan nau'in ita ce fadama ta subalpine da yankuna masu tsayi na dutsen Caucasus da Asiya. Tsawon daji ya kai kimanin mita 0.15-0.3. Furanni masu launin shuɗi-diamita a diamita sun kai kimanin milimita 80. Wannan tsire-tsire na fure a watan Mayu da Yuni.
