A cikin bayanan bayanan da suka gabata a kan gidan yanar gizon mu, mun yi magana game da dwarf (mai siffar shafi) bishiyoyin apple. Suna ɗaukar sarari kaɗan a gonar, suna fara 'ya'yan itace da wuri, kuma yana da sauƙin girbi. Shin zai yuwu a yi girma cherries mai zaki kuma akwai irin wannan nau'in?
Dwarf cherriesBotanists saboda yawan aikin lambu suna dadewa suna tunanin yadda za'a kawo irin wannan nau'in cherries. Kuma ana aiwatar da irin wannan niyya. Koyaya, sabanin apples and pears, cherries (kamar kusan dukkanin 'ya'yan itace dutse) sune tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi. Sannan masana kimiyya sun juya idanunsu zuwa ceri. Ba shi da tsayi (har zuwa 3 m), amma ɗanɗanar 'ya'yan itacen sun juya da ɗan ɗan bambanta. An yi ƙoƙari don ƙirƙirar samfuran cherries da cherryps, amma ba su ba da sakamakon da ake so ba. Alamar rauni tana sake komawa ciki kuma wannan ya haifar da wasu matsaloli. Koyaya, masu shayarwa sunyi nasarar kirkirar wasu cheran tsira da isingan girma da ƙananan matsakaita tare da kambi mai shimfiɗa ko hawaye (nau'in Stark Hardy Giant, Weeping, Asali, Hawaye).
Yin amfani da hasken rana daga masana kimiyyar Kanada, an samo nau'ikan kwayoyi na 'Karamin Lambert da Karamin nau'in Stella. A cikin CIS, maɓallin kwalayen launuka na Valeria sune ƙwarewa mai kyau a cikin wannan shugabanci, amma ba a kwatanta su da tsananin hunturu ba.
Dwarf zaki da cherries. © Stark Bro'sMafi kyawun sakamako a wannan batun su ne hannun jari. Ana samun su ta hanyar yaduwa ta wani ɓangaren tsire-tsire, kuma ana amfani da nau'ikan haɗin kai na musamman ko kwayar launuka.
Hannun jarirai suna ba da raguwa sosai a tsaunin bishiyar (har zuwa 30%). Don Rasha, mafi cin nasara shine rukuni na hannun jari: girma-girma - VCL-1 da 2, da matsakaici-girma - VTS-13, L-2, LTS-52, da dai sauransu (an haɗa su a cikin Rajistar Jiha na Federationungiyar Rasha). Yawancin lambu suna ƙoƙarin haifar da sabon salo na kasashen waje (a Faransa, Edabriz, Jamus Weiroot 158, a cikin ƙasashen Turai da Amurka da yawa - Gisela 5). Koyaya, ƙasa da yanayi a Rasha da CIS sun bambanta da yawa sosai kuma a cikin yankuna daban-daban kwastomomi daban-daban a yankuna daban-daban basa yin hali iri ɗaya. Yana ɗaukar gwaji da yawa da gwaji.
Dwarf zaki da cherries. Eter peter mardahl Ofaya daga cikin mafi kyawun tushen dwarf don cherries dwarf an kirkireshi ta Rukunin Gwajin Shuka na Rasha - VSL-2. Wannan karamin itace (har zuwa 2.5 m), sauƙin yaduwar shi ta hanyar itace kuma baya yin harbe. Beingan itacen da ake kafa tun farkon shiga cikin 'ya'yan itace, kuma tushen sa yana tsayayya da ƙarancin yanayin ƙasa.
Babban mahimmancin girma lokacin da girma cherries cherry shine cancantar samuwar kambi. Mafi sau da yawa, ana dafa shi, a cikin nau'i na shinge, dabino, ko a matsayin dunƙule. A wannan yanayin, ana amfani da fasahohi daban-daban: gajarta firam na harbe, lanƙwasa da kuma gaɓoɓin rassan, sannan kuma amfani da masu sarrafa kayan sarrafa sinadarai.
Bambancin Ovstuzhenka, a kan karamin rauni, har zuwa 3m.Da zaran itacen ya fara bada 'ya'ya, sai su fara yankan kayan kwalliya. An za'ayi a cikin bazara, lokacin da fi na harbe suna taqaitaccen, kuma a lokacin rani da kambi ne thinned fita. Prunarfafa pruning da ɗan rage yawan amfanin ƙasa, amma ingancin 'ya'yan itacen yana da girma. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a daidaita girman harbe da kuma samuwar itace mai bada itace.
Hakanan an yi amfani da kambi mai siffa iri-iri. A cikin siffar sa, yayi kama da bishiyar Kirsimeti tare da ingin tsakiya da kuma rassan gefuna wanda aka shimfida daga gare shi a kusurwoyi har zuwa digiri 90. A lokaci guda, suna ƙoƙarin yin ƙananan ƙananan rassan mafi tsawo. Suna ƙoƙarin kiyaye tsayin bishiyoyi a matakin 4-5 mita. Koyaya, irin wannan aikin yana da aiki kuma yana buƙatar wasu sharuɗan. Da farko, zaku iya yi tare da ƙirƙirar kambi mai zagaye.
A cikin Ukraine, an ƙirƙiri siffar daji mai kama da kambi na ceri kwanan nan. A cikin bazara, ana ɗaukar ƙaƙƙarfan babban injin na tsakiya (har zuwa 20 cm), da lokacin bazara na dukkan harbe (har zuwa 45 cm). Wannan ya cire karin rassa.
Shuka dwarf zaki da cherries na taron koli (Kanada), a kan dwarf rootstock VSL-2Bayan 'yan m bayani game da zaki da ceri seedlings. A bu mai kyau cewa lokacin sayen tumatir a kaka, babu kwari a kansu. Ganyayyen tsiro da aka tono yana cinye danshi ba tare da amfani ba. Lokacin da sapling ya jefa ganye, wannan yana nuna cewa an kammala mahimman matakai kuma itacen yana shirye don hunturu. Kwancen da aka dasa mafi kyau a ƙarshen Satumba - farkon Oktoba.
Don haka cewa ƙwanƙwasa ba m ba ne, yana da kyau ka zaɓi musu biyu. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, dukkan nau'ikan suna da saurin kai da kansu ko kuma wani ɓangaren ɗan kai-suna buƙatar mai aikin pollinator. Zai fi kyau nan da nan a sayi seedlings biyu da nau'ikan iri ɗaya lokaci ɗaya. A wannan yanayin, an tabbatar da ingancin pollin.
