Chrysanthemums suna yin ado da lambuna tare da launuka masu haske daga Yuli zuwa ƙarshen kaka, lokacin da yawancin sauran tsire-tsire sun gama fure. Duk da ruwan sama, iska da sanyi, yawan furanni masu haske tare da sanyi, ƙanshi mai ɗaci ya kasance akan bushes na chrysanthemums har zuwa ƙarshen kaka.
Chrysanthemum, ko Chrysanthemum na kasar Sin. Lew Joe LewisSunan Latin don Chrysanthemum - hrysanthemum, ya fito ne daga Girkanci. χρῡσανθής - "zinare"; saboda launin rawaya na inflorescences.
Chrysanthemum asalin halittar ganye ne na shekara-shekara da na ganyayyaki na dangin Astrovian, ko Compositae, kusa da janar Yarrow da Tansy, inda yawancin jinsunan chrysanthemums sukan motsa.
- Harbe tsirara ko kuma pubescent.
- An shirya ganyayyaki a cikin tsari mai zuwa, mai sauƙi, duka, serrated, notched ko dissected, daban-daban a girma da sifar, pubescent kuma ba, mafi yawa haske kore.
- Furanni ƙananan, an tattara su a cikin kwandon, babba a wasu nau'in, sun haɗa, a matsayin mai mulkin, na furanni tubular rawaya mai tsayi da gefe mai launi, launuka daban-daban kuma yawanci ana shirya su a jere guda; a cikin nau'ikan matasan da yawa, ana shirya su da yawa layuka kuma suna samar da abin da ake kira "ninki biyu" inflorescence.
- 'Ya'yan itacen cuta ne.
Chrysanthemum, ko Chrysanthemum na kasar Sin. Jfh686Lamburan lambun ya bambanta da tsayi da sifar daji, lokacin fure, launi, terry, girman da nau'in inflorescences. Wasu nau'in fure na fure suna girma zuwa 1.5 m, yayin da wasu suka kai 35-40 cm Tsarin launi na kayan lambu na gona yana da faɗi sosai: farar fata, kore, ruwan hoda, rasberi, burgundy, rawaya, ja da launuka na jan karfe a cikin launuka na crysanthemums mafi girman iyaka.
Chrysanthemums sun fito ne daga Gabas ta Tsakiya kuma mutane sun san shi daga zamanin da. Sinawa su ne suka fara girke wannan tsirarrun tsire-tsire masu ban mamaki kusan shekaru dubu 3 da suka gabata. An yi imani da cewa nau'in nau'in chrysanthemums waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a dafa abinci da magani, kuma daga baya sun fara girma don kyakkyawa, sune farkon waɗanda zasu mallaki su. Har wa yau, kayan gargajiya na Sinanci ba kawai ba ne na sihiri na tsofaffin imani, har ma da shahararrun kayan yaji da kayan ado da aka fi so daga gidajensu.
Tare tare da Buddha, al'adar girma ta zo daga China zuwa Japan a cikin karni na VI. manyan-rumbuna-manyan furanni a cikin tukwane, Jafananci na kiransu kotengiku, ko kuma zamanin da ake yin sa. Koyaya, kamar sauran abubuwa da yawa, abubuwan haɓaka na chrysanthemums a Japan sun sami al'adarta ta musamman da kuma ingantattun hanyoyin. Jafananci suna ba da muhimmiyar mahimmanci ga nau'ikan launuka daban-daban da al'adun gabatarwa. Speciesananan nau'in Chrysanthemums ana adana su a asalin su; irin wannan tsire-tsire har yanzu suna girma a cikin lambun haikalin. Chrysanthemum shine fure mafi so da Jafananci, alama ce ta tsawon rai, har ma da mahimman sashi na al'adunsu na ƙasa da masarautar ƙasar.
Chrysanthemum, ko Chrysanthemum na kasar Sin. © Dave CrosbySiffofin
Haske: Itace yana da hoto, kuna buƙatar inuwa daga hasken rana kai tsaye a cikin sa'o'in da suka fi dacewa.
Watse: Yalwatacce - kasar gona yakamata a kasance mai laushi koyaushe, amma ba yayi laushi sosai.
Kiwo: yawanci ta hanyar yanke, tsaba, da rarrabuwa daga daji.
Jin zafi: Yana son fitar da lokaci-lokaci. (A maimakon haka, don dalilan tsabta, maimakon sanya danshi.)
Juyawa: Plantsarnukan tsire-tsire ana sake dasa su kowace shekara, tsoffin tsoffin bayan shekaru biyu. Yawancin lokaci ana dasa shuka a cikin bazara. Chrysanthemums ba su da bukatar ƙasa kuma za su yi girma sosai a cikin gonar talakawa, wanda aka ƙara humus da yashi. Iyakar abin da yanayin shi ne cewa chrysanthemums ba sa son ƙasa acidic. Don ƙarfafa Branching, ana amfani da pinching da trimming.
Manyan miya: bazara-bazara - lokaci 1 cikin makonni biyu tare da ma'adinai da takin gargajiya,
hunturu-kaka - ba tare da kayan miya ba.
Chrysanthemum, ko Chrysanthemum na kasar Sin. © Waqas AleemShuka da yaduwa na chrysanthemums
Chrysanthemums suna thermophilic, saboda haka yana da mahimmanci kada a yi kuskure tare da dasa shuki a gonar. Don yin girma chrysanthemums, kuna buƙatar wuri mai cike da rana da ruwa mai kyau, ɗan acidic ko tsaka mai tsami ƙasa.
Rashin hasken chrysanthemums take kaiwa zuwa elongation na harbe, raunana tsirrai da motsi a cikin lokutan furanni na halayyar wannan iri-iri.
Don haɓaka mai kyau da kyawawan fure mai fure suna buƙatar isasshen adadin abubuwan gina jiki, don haka chrysanthemums suna girma sosai akan ƙasa mai wadata. Idan ƙasa a cikin lambun ku ba ta da yawa kuma mai yawa, to, kafin dasa shuki da itacen yana da kyau don ƙara taki mai ruɓa, takin, peat.
Kafin dasa shuki Chrysanthemums, yi amfani da hadaddun takin zamani ko taki mai jujjuya kasar gona.
An shuka tsire-tsire ba a cikin ramuka ba, amma a cikin maɓuɓɓugar. Nisa tsakanin furen da aka shuka daga 30 zuwa 50 cm, ya dogara da halaye iri-iri.
Bayan dasa shuki da bishiyar chrysanthemums, muna zuba ƙasa a cikin maɓallin tare da mafita na Kornevin (1 g kowace lita na ruwa). Wannan miyagun ƙwayoyi suna haɓaka samuwar tushen tsarin ƙarfi a cikin cut. Kuma wannan na nufin - yankin abinci na matasa na chrysanthemum zai haɓaka, kuma ƙarshe kyakkyawan shuka zai yi girma.
Samun dasa ganyen Chrysanthemums a cikin lambu, ya zama dole don rufe seedlings tare da kayan rufe. Yana haifar da microclimate mai dacewa: yana kare matasa chrysanthemums daga haskoki mai zafi, kuma yana sanyaya su a lokacin sanyaya.
Chrysanthemums ana samun sauƙin yada ta hanyar rarraba daji. A cikin bazara, lokacin da dawowa frosts ƙare, tono daji da kuma raba matasa harbe. Nan da nan dasa dasa tare da Tushen a cikin lambu da ruwa.
Kuna iya yada chrysanthemums da cuttings. A cikin bazara, yanke ɗanyen harbe 10-15 cm tsayi, aiwatar da tushe tare da Kornevin, shuka da rufe tare da jaridu (jaridu suna riƙe da danshi da kyau). Don haka kuna buƙatar shayar da giyan Chrysanthemums kamar yadda ƙasa ta bushe. Ba da daɗewa ba ƙananan ya samo tushe.
Chrysanthemum, ko Chrysanthemum na kasar Sin. S Costel SlincuWatering da ciyar da chrysanthemums
Chrysanthemum sosai danshi-ƙauna, sabili da haka, kafin fure, da shuka dole ne a shayar da alheri. Zai fi kyau a yi wa chrysanthemums ruwa mai laushi - ruwan sama ko zaunar (zaka iya ƙara saukad da 2-3 na ammoniya a ruwa). Tare da rashin ruwa, ganyen magarya na coarsen, kuma ganyayyaki da furanni basa da kyau.
Chrysanthemum ya fi son cin abinci na halitta kuma yana amsar da abinci mai ma'adinai. Don ciyar da chrysanthemums, zaku iya sayan takin ma'adinai da yawa da aka yi da ma'adinan. A farkon farkon namo matasa chrysanthemums, yana da kyau a yi amfani da takin nitrogen don gina taro mai yawa, sannan phosphorus-potash don mafi kyawun fure.
Ruwa da chrysanthemums tare da miya kawai a tushe, tuna: takin mai ma'adinai akan ganye zai haifar da ƙonewa.
Nitrogen yana shafar tsayin tsirrai, yawan harbe, yawan zafin ganye da inflorescences, girman furen. Rashin ƙarancin nitrogen yana haifar da chlorosis (yellowing) na ganyayyaki, yayin da ƙarami, inflorescences inflorescences form a cikin chrysanthemum. Don ƙara yawan taro na chrysanthemums, zaka iya amfani da nitrogen ammonia, kuma a cikin mataki na ƙirƙirar toho, nitrates.
Lokacin da Chrysanthemum ya kafa daji mai karfi kuma ya isa ga lokaci na budding, zamu canza zuwa takin mai magani na phosphorus-potassium. Phosphorus na haɓaka da yalwataccen fure na tsawan chrysanthemums, yana ƙara musu rigakafi. Za a iya ƙara Phosphorus a cikin ƙasa a cikin kudi na 50 g a 1 m2, kazalika da abincin kashi.
Har ila yau, potassium yana tasiri sosai akan lafiyar chrysanthemums da kyakkyawa na inflorescences. Mafi kyawun takin potash don girma yalwataccen fure fure shine potassium sulfate.
Tare da haɓaka ƙananan yara na yara, yana da mahimmanci musamman don samar musu da abinci mai kyau a farkon makonni 6-8, lokacin da aka sami ƙaruwa mai aiki a cikin taro na ciyayi. A wannan lokacin, ciyar da chrysanthemums tare da takin mai magani tare da dabara N: P: K - 2: 1: 1, ta yin amfani da takin mai magani hadaddun tare da abubuwan da aka gano.
Yana da kyau a yi amfani da mullein wanda aka ƙone kawai don ciyar da ƙwayoyi, kuma ana iya amfani da daskararren kaji. Amma tuna da dokar: shi ne mafi alh notri ba don ciyar da shuka fiye da ƙona.
A cikin babban ganga, saka buladi 2 na mullein ko guga 1 na busasshen kaza, cika komai da ruwa, motsawa kuma nace tsawon kwana uku - taki mai da hankali ne shirye. Don ciyar da tsire-tsire, zaku iya samun mafita: ɗauki lita ɗaya na sakamakon jiko na ƙara kuma ƙara lita goma na ruwa a ciki. Ciyar da chrysanthemums a gonar tare da wannan jiko na gurbatawa, gabatar da lita ɗaya na bayani a ƙarƙashin kowace shuka. Takin shuka chrysanthemums yi kawai a ƙarƙashin tushe kuma, wanda yake mahimmanci, riga akan ƙasa mai laushi.
Chrysanthemum, ko Chrysanthemum na kasar Sin. Guilhem VellutChrysanthemum Distillation
Chrysanthemums suna ba da kansu da kyau don tilastawa (tilastawa ana kiransa da wata dabara wacce shuka ya bar matsayinta, ya fara girma kuma yana fure a wani lokaci na daban).
Chrysanthemum al'ada ce ta gajeren lokaci, wato, samuwar furanni a cikin wannan shuka ya dogara da tsawon lokacin haske.
Masana sun tabbatar da cewa kwancen fure na fure a cikin inflorescences chrysanthemum yana faruwa a matakai biyu. Da farko, tare da tsawon rana ba fiye da sa'o'i 14.5 ba, ana yin rarar kaya. Lokacin da ya fi tsayi a wannan lokacin, ya zama ya zama babba, kuma ya zama ya fi girma girman ma'aunin kwandon. Sai furanni masu fure na farawa. Wannan tsari yana faruwa sosai tare da tsawon kwana a ƙasa da awanni 13.5.
Za'a iya samun madaidaicin ingantaccen yankan na Chrysanthemums ta hanyar saita tsawan kwanakin tsirrai zuwa awowi 10. Differentananan nau'ikan haruffa daban-daban suna da halaye daban-daban zuwa tsawon haske, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa suka yi banbanci: bayan makonni 6-15 daga farkon wani gajeren kwana.
Musamman dace da distillation na nau'in nau'in chrysanthemums daga kungiyar ƙungiyar.
Yawancin chrysanthemums na nau'in yanke bayan dasawa suna buƙatar makonni 2-4 na girma tare da tsawon kwana (fiye da awanni 14.5) don haɓaka adadin ganyen da ake buƙata da internodes. Sannan, har zuwa makonni 6 zuwa 12, girma na chrysanthemums yana faruwa tare da ɗan gajeren rana (kasa da awanni 13).
Idan an lura da waɗannan yanayin shuka, to, wajan zai yi fure ta kowane kwanan wata da ake so - a ranar haihuwarsa, ranar Sabuwar Shekara, 8 ga Maris, 1 ga Satumba!
Chrysanthemum, ko Chrysanthemum na kasar Sin. © YarinyaKiwo
Don dasa shuki, yi amfani da seedlings na chrysanthemums, tsaba na chrysanthemums da cuttings - dangane da iri-iri. Shuka na chrysanthemums, wanda aka yaɗa ta hanyar tsaba, ana aiwatar da shi a watan Mayu kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa a cikin ramuka na guda 3-4 a nesa na cm 25 A wannan yanayin, fure zai kasance a farkon watan Agusta. Don farkon fure, ya kamata a shuka tsaba a cikin Maris a cikin ɗaki mai zafi, lokacin da seedlings suka girma, ana rayuwarsu cikin tukwane kuma aka dasa su a ƙasa a ƙarshen Mayu. A wannan yanayin, fure yana faruwa a ƙarshen Yuni.
Don samun itace a cikin kaka bayan fure na chrysanthemums, mafi kyawun samfurori za a iya barin don hunturu kamar tsire-tsire na uterine. Ana cire harbe da ke ƙasa kusa da ƙasa a cikin tukunya, kamar yadda suke mutu bayan fure. Ana amfani da tsire-tsire na Uterine don yanke. Za a iya bar ciyawar da aka girka a cikin tukwane cikin ɗakuna masu sanyi. Yana da Dole a sha ruwa kadan, saboda kada tsire-tsire su bushe. Yanke don dasa ana ɗauka a cikin Maris kawai daga zuriyar apical da ke fitowa daga ƙasa daga asalinsu. Cuttingsauki cuttings daga harbe akan tsohuwar mai tushe kada ta kasance.
An yanke yankan a cikin baka ko a cikin kwalaye. An zuba Humus tare da peat daga ƙasa, kuma an sanya saman yashi na 2-3 cm a saman An yanke yankan tare da wuka mai kaifi don samun sassauƙa, wanda yafi dacewa a ƙarƙashin ƙullin ganye. A wannan yanayin, rooting ya fi kyau.
Dasa abubuwa na chrysanthemums ana yin su ne a cikin yashi, ana baza peranan kuma an rufe su da gilashin gilashi. Mafi kyawun zazzabi don tushen shine digiri 13-15. Bayan an dasa tushe (bayan kwanaki 18-20), an cire gilashin, ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin ƙananan tukwane kuma a sanya shi a cikin dakin sanyi, mai iska mai kyau.
Amma mafi yawan lokuta, bayan fure, ana jifa da tsire-tsire, tunda yanzu yawancin nau'in Chrysanthemum ana sayarwa kusan shekara guda. Lokacin sayen seedlings, kuna buƙatar kula da hankali ba kawai don tabbatar da cewa shuka yana da lafiya ba, har ma da yawan adadin ayoyin da tukwici na launuka marasa buɗewa na kwanduna ya kamata a bayyane. Idan aka sayi shuka tare da kore mai fure, furanni daga waɗannan buds bazai buɗe ba.
Chrysanthemum, ko Chrysanthemum na kasar Sin. © ChingCutar da kwari
Cututtukan Chrysanthemum ana alaƙar su da kurakuran kulawa: isasshen ruwa ko matsanancin zafin jiki na iska wanda ake dasa shukar. Daga cikin kwari, chrysanthemums suna shafar aphids da mites gizo-gizo. Don kashe aphids, an wanke shuka da ruwa mai soapy. Ya kamata a maimaita aiwatarwa kowane kwana 7-10.
Kulawa da tsirrai tare da zazzabi yana bayar da sakamako mai kyau. An shirya maganin kamar haka: 200 gr. an saka foda na pyrethrum a cikin lita 10 na ruwa na awa 12, sannan ana ɗaukar 50 ml. jiko, diluted a cikin lita 10 na ruwa kuma ƙara 50 g. sabulu.
Effectivewarewa sosai a cikin yaƙar aphids, ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo, da sauran kwari shine ruwan tafarnuwa. 50auki 50 gr. murkushe tafarnuwa a turmi kuma zuba gilashin ruwan sanyi. Bayan mintina 15-20, zartar da taro da tsarma da ruwa, kawo ƙara zuwa 1 lita. Wannan maganin yakamata a sha kofuna 1.5 a guga na ruwa kuma da yamma ko kuma gajimare don wanke tsirrai. Kuna iya kula da shuka tare da kwaro.
Chrysanthemum, ko Chrysanthemum na kasar Sin. Alejandro Bayer TamayoChrysanthemum alama ce ta tsawon rai, farin ciki da wadata. Tsirkewa kayan zaki kamar kayan zaki ne, saboda haka suna tunatar da mu lokacin bazara da rana. Jiran shawararku!
