Shuka kabewa seedlings da dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa Yadda ake ciyar da kabewa seedlings Yadda ake ruwa

Yadda za a dasa kabewa a cikin hoto na bude ƙasa seedlings

Suman shine amfanin gona guna na kudu. Don haɓaka shi, yana buƙatar hasken rana da dumi - a ƙarshen bazara lokacin bazai iya samun lokacin girma, musamman ga Yankin Moscow, Yankin Leningrad, Urals, Siberiya, Gabashin Gabas da sauran yankuna na arewacin. Don yankuna tare da ɗan gajeren bazara, dasa shuki kabewa seedlings ita ce kawai hanyar da za a sami amfanin gona mai dadi da kabewa lafiya.

Amma 'yan lambu masu son ba su da lokacin yin fushi: bi shawarwarin don girma da kabewa seedlings, dasa su a cikin ƙasa bude da kuma kara kulawa - to, zaku tattara girbi mai dadi na kyawawan' ya'yan itatuwa masu lafiya.

Shuka kabewa seedlings daga tsaba

Menene irin kabewa seedlings yayi kama?

Lokacin da za'a dasa kabewa don shuka

Shuhunin kabewa na shuka ana yinsa ne kwanaki 20-30 kafin a yi shirin dasa shi a cikin ƙasa. Itace bata son matsakaiciyar transplants.

Kuna iya shuka a cikin kwantena don shuka shuki, tabbatar da sa Layer na sawdust 3-6 cm lokacin farin ciki a ƙasa.
Zai fi kyau dasa tsaba 1-2 a cikin kwantena na mutum: kofuna na peat (sannan an sanya su a cikin rami na dasa shuki tare da seedlings); kofuna waɗanda ko filastik ko takarda, kaset na ƙwayoyin cuta tare da manyan ƙwayoyin cuta (zai zama da sauƙi a cire tsiro tare da dunƙarar ƙasa).
A matsayin ƙasa, yi amfani da maɓallin duniya don shuka seedlings. Idan za ta yiwu, shirya cakuda ƙasa na wannan abun da ke ciki: 2 sassan peat, sashi 1 rotted sawdust da humus, 1 kilogiram na nitrophoska da 1 kg na cakuda.

Ana shirya kayan kabewa na shuka

Zaɓi tsaba masu inganci (mafi girma kuma mafi yawan tukunya-mai-amo). Suna buƙatar aiwatarwa kafin:

jiƙa da kabewa tsaba a cikin ruwa mai dumi na awanni biyu (zazzabi 45 ° C);
sannan don peeling, tsaya a nannade cikin rigar ta tsawon kwanaki 2-3 (zazzabi daki);
wasu lambu suna bayar da shawarar hardening tsaba don ƙara juriya da tsire-tsire masu sanyi. Riƙe ƙwaya a cikin nama guda ɗaya a cikin kayan lambu na firiji don kwanaki 3-5. Tsaba za a iya yayyafa shi da toka, wanda zai kare su daga kamannin kuma ya zama microfertilizer.

Yadda ake shuka da kuma kula da shuki

Tsaba kusa da zurfin kusan 3 cm, zuba, rufe amfanin gona da gilashin ko fim har sai sprouts sun bayyana. Liftaga mafaka kullun don yin iska don cire iska tare da cire ruwan ciki. Zai buƙaci haske mai haske amma ya yadu.

Domin tsire-tsire su yi ƙarfi, za a buƙaci tsarin zazzabi daidai:

Kafin germination, samar da kewayon zazzabi na 18-25 ° C yayin rana da 15-18 ° C da dare.
Lokacin da sprouts bayyana su hana su daga shimfiɗa, kula da yawan zafin jiki na yau da kullum a 5-18 ° C ga kwanaki 5-7, m zuwa 12-15 ° C da dare.
A nan gaba, ya kamata alamomi masu yawa su karu da yawa, kar a manta da yawan zafin jiki na yau da kullun.

Yadda ake ruwa da ciyar da kabewa seedlings

Hakanan, kulawa na seedlings ya ƙunshi a cikin matsakaici na ruwa kamar yadda saman ƙasa yake bushewa kuma ana amfani da taki.

Bayan ruwa, magudana duk yawan danshi daga sump.
Bada izinin kasar ta bushe dan kadan kafin ruwa na gaba, amma a tabbata cewa ya rage ruwa.
Ana amfani da suturar miya ta sama sau 5-7 bayan fitowar. Yi amfani da maganin nitrophoska (na 10 l na ruwa 15 g na taki, zuba kadan a ƙarƙashin kowace shuka)

Suman seedlings ya juya rawaya abin da za a yi bidiyo:

Idan ganye ya yi rawaya a cikin kabewa seedlings, wannan alama ce ta rashin kulawa. Don kawar da abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar shuka, kalli bidiyon ilimi.

Seedling hardening

Domin sprouts don daidaita da nasara bayan dasa a cikin ƙasa bude, shi wajibi ne don pre-zafi da seedlings. Seedlingsanyen da suka taurare sun fi ƙarfin ƙarfi, to, raguwa zazzabi ba zai iya cutar da shi ba.

Kimanin sati guda kafin a canzawa zuwa cikin bude ƙasa, ci gaba da yawan zafin jiki na rana a 15 ° C, zafin jiki na dare a 12 ° C, a lokaci-lokaci sanyaya dakin.
Daga nan sai a fitar da shi cikin iska mai kyau da rana (lambun, baranda a buɗe) har sai thea seedlingsan itaciyar suka sami damar kwana a kan titi.
Rage ruwa sau 2-3 kafin lokacin dasawa, amma kada a bada izinin fitar da tsaba. Ranar da za a shuka, zuba ruwa mai yawa - zai zama sauƙi don cire earthen clod daga tanki.

Kyakkyawan ƙwayar seedlings ana haɓaka su da irin wannan bayanan: tsarin tushe ya haɓaka sama da ɗaukakar tukunya; kowane tsiro yana da tushe mai ƙarfi tare da ƙananan internodes da biyu na kore kore ganye.

Lokacin sauka

Shuka pumpkins ta hanyar shuka yana buƙatar haɗuwa da lokacin dasa. Dasa kabewa a cikin ciyawar ƙasa ana yin ta ne tare da kafa ainihin zafi (kusan ƙarshen watan Mayu-farkon watan Yuni), lokacin da barazanar dawowar ƙanƙanrrakin ta ƙare.

Don haɓakar amfanin gona na al'ada, yawan zafin jiki shine 15 ° C.
Soilasa ta kamata ta ɗumi zafi zuwa + 12 ° C.
Idan ƙasa ta yi sanyi, seedlingsa seedlingsan seedlings zai yi jinkiri kuma yawan danshi zai haifar da lalata.

Abin da zazzabi zai iya kabewa seedlings yin tsayayya?

Seedlingsan itace da aka dasa a ƙasa zasu iya tsayayya da rage tazara na ɗan gajeren lokaci zuwa + 6- + 10 ° С.

Zaɓin shafin da shiri

Haske

Wajibi ne a zabi wurin da ya dace don shuka don samun amfanin gona mai kyau. Don kabewa mai tsananin zafi, juya yankin da hasken rana ya haskaka shi. Bar ganye da mai tushe ba su tsoron kunar rana a jiki, saboda farfajiyarsu tana cika da gashin da ke ba da kariya daga zafin rana. Idan ka zaɓi yanki mai inuwa, shuka zai yi rauni, 'ya'yan itaciyar kuma za su yi ƙanana da faduwa.

Kasa abun da ke ciki

Soilasa tana buƙatar abinci mai gina jiki, mai karsashi (sako-sako) don sakin oxygen, raunin yana tsaka tsaki. Za'a iya kawar da duk rashi ƙasa ta amfani da abubuwan da suka dace. Lokacin dasa shuki, sai a tuna cewa al'ada tana da tushe mai tsoka da yawa kuma tushensu da yawa basa girma sama da rabin mita daga doron ƙasa. Saboda haka, saman saman duniya dole ne ya kasance m.

Aikace-aikacen taki

Daga kaka, a ƙarƙashin tono shafin, ƙara kilogiram 3-5 na humus, 30-40 g na takin ma'adinai mai hadaddun ta 1 m². Za'a iya amfani da rigar miya kai tsaye zuwa ƙasan fossa, idan har ba a sami damar yin wannan ba tun lokacin kaka. Kuna iya rage acidity na ƙasa ta ƙara ash ko lemun tsami lambu - 200 g ta yanki ɗaya. Idan ƙasa tana da nauyi da damɓa, samar da magudanar ruwa mai kyau. Tare da kusancin abin da ya faru na ruwan ƙasa, gina gadaje masu tsayi.

Dasa kabewa seedlings a cikin ƙasa bude

Yadda ake dasa hoton kabewa seedlings hoto

Daskararren dasa bishiyar kabewa ba ya buƙatar ilimi mai yawa. Babban abin da kuke buƙatar sani shine tsawon lokacin karbuwa a cikin filin ya dogara da shekarun seedlings: youngeran tsire-tsire sun ɗauki tushe da sauri kuma fara haɓaka. Kula da shuki a cikin shuki yayin dasawa, dasawar da ba ta dace ba, na iya haifar da hana ci gaba ko kuma mutuwar ƙuruciya, kuma "masu tsira" za su yi 'ya'ya bayan haka, kuma wataƙila ba su da lokacin shuka.

Yadda ake dasa shuki kabewa a ƙasa

Dasa dasa kabewa seedlings a cikin ƙasa na buƙatar matsanancin taka tsantsa don kada a lalata tushen tsarin.
Zai fi kyau shuka kabewa seedlings har zuwa wata daya da haihuwa a mataki na biyu real kafa ganye.
Lokacin girma seedlings a cikin tukwane na peat, ana dasa ƙwayar kabewa tare da kwantena. A lokaci guda, cire ƙasa, da ɗan lalata bangon don ɓarna mai tushe ya shawo kan wannan shingen.
A wasu halaye, a hankali cire seedlings daga kwantena tare da dunƙule na ƙurar ƙasa. Don sauƙaƙe hanyar, zuba ruwa mai yawa a ranar don ƙwallon ƙwal sauƙin ya fito daga kofuna. Dasa pumpkins a cikin ƙasa tare da seedlings ana aiwatar da su ta hanyar canja warin amai: juya kofin a ƙasa, ɗan motsa shi kuma cire.
Yi ramuka na girman da ya dace (tsiro tare da dunƙarar ƙasa da cakuda mai gina jiki ya kamata ya dace da ƙasan idan ba'a amfani da takin mai magani ba a cikin kaka).
Zuba yalwar ruwan dumi a cikin ramin, bar shi ya jiƙa ciki da kuma canja wurin seedlings.

Dasa tsire-tsire masu kabewa a kan ƙwanƙolin za su kare lalacewa daga sanyi

Don kare tsire-tsire da aka dasa na kabewa daga sanyi na bazata, zaku iya dasa su a cikin mounds, kuna yin ramuka a ciki game da cm 10. Don hana ciyawa tsiro da hana lalacewar yanayi a cikin rigar, rufe tushe daga cikin tuddai da takin. Lokacin amfani da irin wannan shuka, yakamata a girgiza tsire don inganta rayuwarsu.
Shin kabewa seedlings za a zurfafa? Domin kada ya lalata kara da ainihin ganye, lokacin da dasa shuki kabewa, riƙe kan ganyen cotyledon, yakamata a zurfafa su.
Latsa ƙasa a kusa da tsire-tsire tare da dabukanku.

Yadda za a dasa kabewa a cikin ƙasa ƙasa? Lura cewa kabewa yana buƙatar sarari - don haɓaka kowane daji, ware akalla 1.5 m². Abin da nisa don kiyaye tsakanin keɓaɓɓen tsire-tsire ya dogara da nau'in. Don haka, ajiye tsakanin 55 cm tsakanin nau'in daji, cm cm tsakanin saƙa mai rauni, kuma ana buƙatar nisan milimita 125 don tsananin sirin ɗin.

Yadda ake dasa shuki kabewa a cikin ƙasa bude muke kallon bidiyon:

Kula da dasa shuki da kabewa a cikin ƙasa buɗe

Carearin kulawa don dasa kabewa a cikin filin ya zama mai sauƙi. Za a buƙaci ingantaccen watering, weeding da loosening na ƙasa.

Yadda ake ruwa

Yadda za a ba da ruwa kabewa bayan dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa ƙasa

Don ci gaba na al'ada da haɓaka, yana da mahimmanci don tsayar da tsari na gyaran ruwa daidai. Karka shayar dashi har sai kwai ya zama ƙanana, tunda duk abubuwan gina jiki suna shiga haɓaka mai tushe da ganyaye. Ingancin 'ya'yan itacen da akai-akai na watering ne inversely gwargwado: ƙasa da kuke ruwa, da mafi amfani' ya'yan itacen za su kasance.

Zai fi kyau ruwa a maraice, yi amfani da ruwan dumi (saka ganga a gonar don dumamawar ruwa). Daga wuce haddi na danshi, lalacewar cututtukan fungal mai yiwuwa ne, wanda ke haifar da lalata. Kuna iya ruwa a dangi, amma idan yanayin ruwan sama ya tsawaita to lallai ne ka kare plantings daga damp. Don yin wannan, rufe bushes tare da Allunan.

Bush samuwar

Don 'ya'yan itacen da sauri, shiga cikin samuwar daji. Lokacin da babban kara ya kai tsawon 1.3-1.5 m, dole ne a ƙwanƙwasa shi, bar 2 gefen harbe 60-70 cm tsayi.

Suman ba ya buƙatar ciyar da abinci akai-akai, idan ƙasa ta kasance m, ana iya fitar da su baki ɗaya. An ciyar da su da adadin tsawon kwanaki 15, suna amfani da takin ƙasa ma'adinai ko nitrophos (gwargwadon umarnin mai ƙira).