Wuraren ruwa a cikin kasar sun dade da daina zama mai wahala. Girman girman waɗannan nau'ikan da sifofinsu sun bambanta. Gidan shakatawa na iya zama ko mai cikakken tsaran, cike da kayan aiki masu dacewa, ko ƙarami, waɗanda aka yi niyya kawai don wanka yara.
Nau'in wuraren waha da na ƙasar
Da farko kuna buƙatar yanke shawarar wannene wuraren waha na ƙasar da kuke shirin sanyawa akan rukunin yanar gizonku. Ta hanyoyin shigarwa, sun kasu kashi biyu:
- tsit: sanya kayan sanyi mai-sanyi kuma suna da sabis na rayuwa; buƙatar rami, zuba kwano ko matashin kai na kankare; sanye take da cikawa, dushewa da tsarin tsaftacewa;
- mai rikitarwa: kwantena na ƙanana ko matsakaici ba tare da tsarin tsabtace hadaddun (mafi yawa - mafi sauƙi), suna cike da ruwa kawai don lokacin bazara;
- multilayer PVC inflatable tare da ko ba tare da ƙarfe ƙarfe ƙarfe ba: mai sauƙin shigarwa kuma ana iya shigar dashi koda a cikin ƙananan yankuna.
Dangane da kayan masana'antu, wuraren ninkayar wuraren shaƙatawa na rani sun kasu zuwa samfuran:
- kankare: kwanon tafarnuwa an yi shi ne da kayan aiki mai ƙarfi tare da ƙarin hana ruwa da adon ado tare da fale-falen buraka, mosaics ko fim ɗin PVC;
- jan tubalin yumbu: suna gama bango ne kawai, gindi, kamar yadda a baya, an zuba shi da kankare; don haka wannan ƙirar yana da ƙarfi kamar yadda zai yiwu, an shimfiɗa ganuwar a cikin tubalin 2 tare da ƙarfafa ƙarfe raga;
- ƙarfe (baƙin ƙarfe): saboda gaskiyar cewa wuraren walɗa irin waɗannan ginin da sauri tsatsa, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan kusan ba a yi amfani da su ba;
- multilayer (hade) fiberglass, iya yin tsayayya har ma da tsawan rawar karfi; an sanya kwano a cikin rami tare da ƙaramin keɓaɓɓen ko maɓallin ƙasa mai kauri da aka yi da itace ko itace;
- polypropylene: wannan kayan, ko da yake mafi ƙanƙantar da komputa a cikin ƙarfi, yana jure bambance-bambancen yanayin zafi na lokaci kuma yana da ikon ɗaukar dogon lokaci.
Ana samun mafi kyawun tashar wanka tare da aƙalla mai sau ɗaya tak. A wannan yanayin, zai tara ƙasa datti da ganyayyaki da suka faɗi.
Tsarin jirgi
Idan babu tsarin filtration mai inganci, wuraren shakatawa na gidaje na bazara zasu cika tare da laka a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. Dangane da hanyar watsa ruwa a cikin su, zaku iya zaban kowane tsarin magani:
- ambaliya: ta hanyar ruwan rami tare da raga mai shara tare da kewaye na saman ɓangaren tafkin, ruwa yana shiga cikin bututun, inda aka tsabtace shi kuma ya dawo; lokacin da aka sanye da tsarin tare da famfo, duk tsabtatawa sun tsabtace;
- nau'in skimmer: hanya mara tsada, mafi dacewa da ƙananan tafkunan; ana ɗaukar ruwa don tsabtacewa ba ta amfani da tarkacen ruwa ba, amma ta hanyar ginannu ko a kan skimmers - matattarar ruwa, ƙananan ƙananan kwantena, zuwa ƙananan ɓangaren da ke haɗa bututun ruwa.
Monolithic pool na kankare don wurin bazara
Daga dorewa mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, zaku iya yin ƙaramin tafki ko tafkin ruwa cike yake da kayan aiki na zamani. Amma a dukkan bangarorin biyun, tsarin shirya shi ya yi kama sosai. Zamu yi bayani dalla-dalla yadda za a gina wurin waha a cikin ƙasar da hannuwanku suka yi da kankare.
Zaɓin wuri da kuma shirye-shiryen wurin
Don tabbatar da cewa ruwan da yake cikin ɗakin yana ɗumi sama da wuri-wuri, an sanya shi cikin sarari, nesa daga gine-gine masu tsayi da bishiyoyin da ke toshe rana. Tsarin shirin ciyayi shima ba a so saboda a lokacin kaka, ganyaye mai lalacewa zai rufe gidan wankin, kuma zai dauki lokaci mai tsayi domin tsaftace shi. Tushen girma na irin waɗannan tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi kamar poplar, Willow ko Birch na iya lalata ko da kankare.
Hakanan ya kamata a yi la'akari da hanyar da iska mai rinjaye ta shiga ciki, ta yadda za'a ƙaddamar da yawan tarkace a wani wuri mai dacewa don tsaftacewa. Ana cire shrubs daga yankin da aka zaɓa kuma an yanka sod. Wajibi ne a cire manyan rassan bishiyoyi da aka rataye a kan tafkin.
Idan akwai wuri mai kusa da yumɓu na yumɓu akan wurin, zai fi kyau gina wurin waha don wurin bazara a can. Bayan duk wannan, wannan dutsen mai iya shakatarwa yana da ikon riƙe ruwa da kuma taka rawar da ƙarin ƙaramar keɓaɓɓen kariya.
Ramin shiri
Basarancin mafi sauƙi suna kama da akwati mai kusurwa ko oval mai siffa, a gefe ɗaya wanda aka sanya ƙaramin rami (rijiyar magudana) ƙarami, amma zurfi fiye da babban kwano. Yakamata ya kasance a ƙarƙashin matakin ƙasa a 0.7 m. Zai samar da famfo don yin famfo da magudanan bututu.
Mun bayyana tsarin shirya ramin a matakai:
- Don shigar da sararin samaniya a ƙarƙashin fasalin kayan aiki da kuma dacewa da kusancin, nisa da tsawon ramin ya kamata ya zama 60-80 cm girma fiye da ƙaddarar da aka tsara.
- Don hana ƙasa daga zubar, gangar jikinta an yi ta da gangara.
- Idan manya za su yi iyo a cikin tafkin, zurfin da ya fi dacewa shi ne 1.5 m tare da tsawon 5.5 m. Ga yara, ya zama dole don shinge wani yanki daban. Yin la'akari da farantin ƙasa, duwatsun dutse da matattarar yashi da fale-falen buraka, wannan girman ya kamata ya karu da 40-50 cm.
- Ruwa, bututun magudanun ruwa da bututu mai ruwa an sanya su a mataki na rami. Bututu don samar da ruwa ana zubar da su cikin ramin saboda su sami dan gangara.
- Don babban tafki, ana shirya ramuka na shara 2-3, bututu don fitar da mai amfani kuma ya kamata a kasance a ɗan ƙaramin kusurwa.
- Sloaramin gangara (a 1 m 2-3 cm) yakamata ya sami ramin tafkin.
- Ana amfani da geotextiles tare da kasan tare da kewayon 10-20 cm. Yana kare kariya daga danshi daga turbaya da fashewar kankare lokacin da yake daskarewa, haka kuma yana hana qasa da yumbu hadewa da kayan kwanciya. Don ƙaramin tsari, za a iya maye gurbin geotextiles tare da jin daɗin rufin ko fim mai laushi.
- Don kare kankare daga lalacewar ruwan karkashin kasa, matashin yashi na dutse wanda aka sare 30-35 cm an fara cika shi. Ya kamata a sa shi a hankali.
A bu mai kyau a rufe saman tafkin don ɗakunan rani. A wannan yanayin, zai dumama da sauri sosai, kuma zaiji sanyi sosai a dare. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da kumburi ko polystyrene kumbura. Kada a yi amfani da polyfoam - zai narke ƙarƙashin nauyin ruwa, kuma sakamakon rufin zai zama sifili.
Zuba kwanon kwano
Abun da aka yi amfani da shi don cike gidan ruwan yana da buƙatu na musamman. Dole ne ya zama sanyi-mai-tsauri kuma ba fasa ƙarƙashin rinjayar zazzabi da faɗuwar saukad. Don haka, don samar da kwanukan, ana amfani da cakuda ciminti na ciminti mai ƙarfi-ƙarfi M400-500 tare da daskarar da yashi-ciminti-da-dutse dutse 1: 3: 5 da ake amfani:
- Yana da kyau a yi amfani da kankare na hydraulic tare da kayan masarufi na musamman na ruwa, amma hakan yana da yawa. Don rage farashin mafita, ana iya siyan irin waɗannan abubuwan don raba daban.
- Don samun tushe mai tushe, da farko zub da ƙasa tare da turɓayar ciminti na kankare daga ciminti M100-200 mai arha.
- An zaɓi yashi mai tsabta, ba a silted ba, tare da matsakaicin girman giram.
- Haɗa kankare da hannu don babban tsari matsala ce mai kyau - yana da kyau a ba da injin da aka shirya ko ba da hayar mahaɗin kankare.
- Wuce ruwa a cikin mafita, har ma da rashin sa, na iya lalata ƙarancin kankare - ba ma lokacin farin ciki da aka shirya cakuda mai narkewa ba, wanda ba zai ja lambatu daga itacen mashin ko katako ba.
- Da farko aka haɗa kayan bushewa, sannan kawai sai a ƙara saka ruwa a hankali.
- Don kwano na kankare, ana yin aikin zane daga bangarori na katako ko daskararren daskararren ruwa, wanda aka ɗaure tare da ƙarfe.
- Don guje wa lalacewa na zane a ƙarƙashin nauyin babban mafita, ana sanya sarari daga katako kowane 0.5 m.
- An ƙarfafa ƙarshen tafkin tare da mashaya na 8-14 mm a cikin matakan biyu tare da rami na 20-25 cm da waya mai ɗauri. Ba a ke so a yi amfani da sayar da mai ba - lokacin da ƙasa ke motsawa, irin wannan damƙar kawai ta fashe. A kan kasa mara nauyi wanda ke da zurfin tafki, ana yarda da amfani da igiyoyi 10 mm.
- Yankin farin ƙarfe na farko yana saman 5 cm sama da ƙasan farantin (an sanya igiyoyi a kan tallafi daga gutsuttsuran tubalin). Na biyun yayi daidai da nisa daga saman ta. Tun da daidaitaccen lokacin farantin shine 20 cm, kusan 10 cm ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin yadudduka masu ƙarfafawa.
- A gefuna na farantin (a cikin yanki na ganuwar gaba), sanduna suna lanƙwasa a siffar harafin "G".
- Don cire ɓoye iska yayin kwanciya kankare, tilas a cika shi da shebur kamar yadda aka cika ko an matso shi da na'urar motsa jiki.
- Lokacin zub da sassan gefen kwanon, an girka abubuwan ciki a ciki - nozzles don samarwa da janye ruwa. An rufe su da kyau tare da igiyoyi tare da ƙarin baƙin ruwa mai hana ruwa.
- Yana da kyau a zuba kasa da ganuwar tafkin a lokaci guda, ta hanyar ci gaba da wadatar da kankare, ba kyale shi ya taurara. In ba haka ba, ana yin haɗin gwiwa wanda ake kira "sanyi" a cikin gidajen abinci, wanda shine matsalar matsala - lokacin da ƙasa ke motsawa, kwanon kwanon da yake cikin wannan wuri zai iya fashewa. Koyaya, a wannan yanayin, ana buƙatar tsari na musamman da kasancewar kayan aiki na musamman don zubar.
- Don bushewa da daidaituwa da kayan kwalliya, an rufe shi da fim ɗin filastik. A lokacin zafi, ana cika ruwa da ruwa lokaci-lokaci.
- Furtherarin aiki akan ado na tafkin don ɗakunan gida ana yin su ne kawai bayan wata guda - wannan lokacin zai isa ya tabbatar da ƙarfe na ƙarfin.
- An kuma sanya aikin tsari don matakai bayan kwano ya inganta gabaɗaya. Ana iya samun matakan lanƙwasa ta hanyar amfani da fim ɗin zane azaman kayan zane.
Idan ci gaba da zubar da kankare ba zai yuwu ba, kuma ba za ku iya yin ba tare da “ɗakin ɗumi mai sanyi” ba a ƙarshen ƙananan bangon da bango, zai fi kyau a sa mashin da mashin na musamman a ƙarshen - zai iya faɗaɗa kuma ya cika sararin samaniya idan ya shiga cikin ruwan ɗin. Ana magance wannan juzu'in da ruwan kwalliyar mara ruwa.
Zaɓin shigarwa na matatar
Kayan aikin tantancewa mafi sauƙi ya ƙunshi bututun ƙarfe na tsakiya da jerin bututu tare da nozzles, kayan aiki da bawuloli don haɗinsa. Ana kawo tukunyar da ke da yashi ko wasu filler don tsabtacewa. Don saka idanu kan aiwatar, matakan matsin lamba, masu ƙera lokaci don saita lokaci da masu firikwensin za a iya haɗa su a cikin saitin tsirrai masu tsada.
A zahiri, babban sigar irin wannan kayan shine ikonta. Don karamin gidan wanka, ya isa ya sayi naúrar da zata iya yin ruwan famfo a saurin 1200-1500 l / h. Zai dace a kula da lokacin ci gaba da aiki - yana iya zama daga 2 zuwa 12 hours.
Ta hanyar tsabtace hanyoyin, ana rarraba kayan matattara zuwa:
- aiki akan katako tare da abu mai sihiri: zaɓi mafi arha, kodayake, lallai ne a canza su kowane sati 2;
- tare da cika yashi: abin dogaro ne kuma mai dorewa, rashi ya haɗa da rashin ingantaccen tsarin tsaftacewa daga ƙaramin ƙurar ƙura;
- Diatoms: mafi tsada kuma mafi inganci, ana tace ruwa ta hanyar wucewa ta wasu katakan katako waɗanda ke ɗauke da ƙananan ƙananan silicon.
Gama gamawa
Kafin fara yin ado, tabbatar da ingancin aikin hana ruwa kariya. Don yin wannan, cika tafkin da ruwa, auna matakinsa kuma bar shi don kwanaki 10-12. Ya kamata a lura cewa a cikin lokacin dumi yana iya ɗan rage ƙarancinsa saboda rashin ruwa na ruwa.
Ana aiwatar da aikin bango ta amfani da raga mai amfani da karfe. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da mafita na musamman na ruwa tare da masu ƙari. Dole ne a dage farawa a cikin mafita gwargwadon ƙa'idar aiki. Ba shi da ƙima don ƙara adadin kayan maye wanda aka gabatar, in ba haka ba ƙarfin filastar na iya raguwa. Kimanin abin da aka jera na murkushe plast 1 1: 2 (ciminti M 500 da yashi) tare da ƙari na abubuwan ƙarawa da microfiber.
Fafaffun bango da bushe gaba ɗaya da ƙasan an rufe su da ruwa mai hana ruwa ta amfani da raga ta wuta. Tare da wurin kusa da ruwan karkashin kasa a cikin ƙasa, zai fi kyau a bugu da ƙari a bi da su tare da shiga na farko.
Don gama kwano na kankare, zaka iya amfani da:
- daskararren yumbu mai tsauri mai tsauri tare da fadakarwa;
- tiles na tile don wuraren waha;
- Fim ɗin PVC ko butyl roba: wannan zaɓi yana da araha.
Kushin gefen ruwa, duwatsu masu suttura, dutse ko lebuna ana ajiye su a gefen yankin don kariya daga gurbacewa. Sand ba a so - zai fada cikin tafkin.
Kammala ruwan wanka tare da fim ɗin PVC - bidiyo
Shigarwa da wani wurin waha a cikin gidan girki
Tsarin sa zai buƙaci ƙaramin ƙoƙari da lokacin kyauta. Irin waɗannan wuraren waha an shigar dasu, an binne su a ƙasa ko kuma kai tsaye akan saman. A cikin hunturu, wuraren shakatawa na firam (ban da na musamman mai tsaurin sanyi) dole ne a rushe su don hana fatarar filastik.
Lokacin haƙa rami mai tushe don wannan rami, ƙarshensa an rufe shi da tsakuwa tsakani ta hanyar 30-40 cm kuma an yi tamped a hankali don kare shi daga ruwan ƙasa. Sannan an zuba shi da dunƙule mai nauyin 30 cm.Idan ba a shirya binne ginin ba a cikin ƙasa, yana da kyau a shirya dandamali mai ƙyalli wanda zai shiga santimita 20 a cikin ƙasa ba tare da gangara mai zurfi ba, kuma ya ƙarfafa tsarin da kansa tare da talla ko tubali. Saboda ruwan da yake cikin gidan ba ya yin sanyi da daddare, ana sanya mai hita a ƙarƙashin ginin - faranti polystyrene.
Ba tare da yin girma da sihiri ba, ban da kwano da kanta, harsashin firam wanda aka yi da bututu mai ƙarfe na hakika an haɗa shi da saitin wuraren waha. Hakanan masana'antun suna samar da ingantaccen tsari, mai tsayayyen tsari. Koyaya, nauyin irin wannan kwano zai zama mai mahimmanci, kuma taimakon kwararru na iya zama dole don shigarwa.
Don tara mafi sauƙin firam na tafkin, kuna buƙatar kawai mai sikirin abin motsa jiki:
- ya fi kyau a sanya shi kusa da sadarwa don samar da ruwan ba zai zama matsala ba koyaushe;
- tunda irin wannan zane ba zai iya riƙe zafi na dogon lokaci ba, zai fi dacewa a rufe ba kawai tushe ba, har ma bangon;
- na farko, ana tara wani ƙarfe na ƙarfe, wanda akansa wancan filastik mai shimfiɗa daga baya ko kuma an haɗa mayafin filastik;
- Zai fi kyau a saka rami a rana mai zafi - a rana fim ɗin ya yi laushi kaɗan, kuma zai fi sauƙi a daidaita shi;
- Don guje wa fashewa yayin gudanar da taro, ya zama dole a kula da tsaurin dacewar kowane bangare;
- Babban karfin wutar wannan ƙirar shi ne babban haɗin gwiwa, yana hutawa a kan rataye a tsaye; ana yin saurin amfani da shi ta hanyar amfani da gote; a wuraren haɗinsu akwai ramuka don fil.
Modelsan China masu ƙarancin tsada suna zuwa tare da matatun ruwa mai ƙarancin wuta wanda da sauri ya mamaye datti. Idan baku shirya rarraba kuɗi mai mahimmanci don siyan gidan wanka mai inganci zuwa ɗakin ba, yana da kyau ku iyakance kanku ga ƙananan yara ƙirar, wanda za'a iya tsabtace da hannu.
Wahala mara tsada gidan girki daga tsohon banner ad
Gwanin banner yana cikin halaye masu yawa iri daya a cikin inganci zuwa ingantaccen tarpaulin, amma ba auduga ba, amma ana ɗaukar polyester mai ruwa a matsayin tushen shi. Don aiki yana da kyau a zaɓi mafi ƙasƙanci mara ƙima na babban yawa. Kuna iya siyan sa don farashin alama a kowane kamfanin talla.Idan masana'anta suna da kamar bakin ku, zaku iya amfani da banners biyu lokaci guda kuma ku shimfiɗa su saman junan ku.
Tunda zai zama matsala matsala sanya sabbin na'urorin tsabtace tsabta a cikin wannan tafki, zai fi kyau a sanya shi a cikin wani tafki wanda a ke dasa tsire-tsire masu tsabtace ruwa. Don kariya daga algae da ke haɓaka da kyau idan babu isashshen sunadarin oxygen, ana iya samun kayan mashin tare da damfara don ɗaukar shi.
Don haka, yadda ake yin tafki a cikin ƙasa daga tsohon banner:
- An shirya rami mai tushe don irin wannan tafki ta hanyar banner mai mahimmanci ya wuce ta:
- zane-zanen an rufe shi;
- zazzage gidajen abinci ana yin su ba tare da manne ta amfani da na'urar bushewar gashi ba; don tabbatar da su da ƙarfi, kuna buƙatar yin wannan a farfajiya; bayan buɗe masana'anta, sairan an mai da shi mai zafi, sannan a yi birgima da abin birgima;
- an zubar da ƙananan tarnaƙi a kusa da kwano, waɗanda aka aza tare da tubalin akan tuta;
- a kusa da irin wannan gidan shakatawa na ciki zaka iya yin bene na itace ko rufe shi da dutse.
Ba za a iya binne tafkin daga banner ba a cikin ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, ana shirya katako mai dorewa don ita daga allon kwamatin (ba su da saukin kamuwa da lalacewa), ƙarfe ko zanen filastik mai kauri:
- da farko, matattarar yashi 10 cm lokacin farin ciki ya cika;
- a cikin sasanninta na tsarin tallafawa posts an gyara;
- kowane yanki na 0.5 m itace an haƙa shi daidai zurfin tare da kewaye;
- an haɗa shi da katako wanda ke kwance a sama, wanda aka ɗora kusan 20-30 cm daga ƙasa;
- Thearfafa tsarin tare da taimakon ƙarin madauri a saman da ƙasan tsarin.
An gyara kwanon glued tare da wanki 35 mm. An gyara saman da fasassun bugun kai na kansa tare da wani mataki na cm 30. Kamar ɗakin shakatawa na yau da kullun, ƙirar banner zata iya sanye take da magudanan ruwa don tsarkake ruwa.
Hadakar gidan abinci mai tarin yawa - bidiyo
Don haka, mun bayyana daki-daki yadda ake yin tafki a cikin ƙasar da hannuwanku. Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi, zaku iya sanin kanku game da aiwatar da tsarin kankare a cikin bidiyon da ke gaba:
